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One entity of NonWiki, the Negative of the Negative (EA-NEGONT-02, #1690), cited at https://www.alexanarch.org/non/crowd-counting-consortium/. the table of contents · this entity as data · contents as data · the dataset on the Hub · row json · field ledger · archive ledger · D/R/O traversal · the address page.

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Crowd Counting Consortium

SPXI instrument · method 0.16 of 87, level 0 (Measurement): The Negative of the Negative (/non). An instrument of SPXI, the Semantic Packet for eXchange & Indexing; the whole practice is itemized at spxi.dev/methods.

equal terms, ontology included (v0.9) · ρ = extends · the field's type C — a conventional reading holds it (public entity on which the archive bears: a university project publishing a dataset of US protest events; an entity of the maryleelabor left-and-labor census, area labor action) · sought at Crowd Counting Consortium

composed 2026-10-31 under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690, from the maryleelabor left-and-labor census (anchor #1725); equal case, ρ = extends. Draft, not frozen; ledgers unaudited, one extractor; checked by the session.

AXN AXN:0B6B.NON.🕌📏🔔🀄🪧🌑 · root AXN:0B6B.NON · 1 earlier version

composed in session · Claude (Opus 5.5), subagent, 2026-10-31 (a Claude model; card 3 carries the Claude assistant's interface string, F36)

This row was composed in session. SPXI-gnΩsis (gnosis.spxi.dev) opens a Wikipedia revision sentence by sentence against the sources it cites; a commission consults the archive by its own procedure and composes the entity's row here; a quote to recompose this entity is free.

Google AI Overview (expanded)epoch 2026-10-31
not frozentype C — a conventional reading holds it (public entity on which the archive bears: a university project publishing a dataset of US protest events; an entity of the maryleelabor left-and-labor census, area labor action)signed out, incognitoknowledge object · 26 sentences

EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690: equal case, ρ = extends, read from the maryleelabor census record, its anchor #1725 and the capture record; archive selected by D/R/O (no D or R candidate: no archive text names the entity; one O-class string candidate and five class matches read and rejected; #1725 admitted at O-class as the census's anchor, two claims; hop of 42 from #1725 read and rejected), with the maryleelabor census record (29 claims) and the Capture Registry's reading, analysis, findings, title, PER note, query note, description and originator (11 claims) ledgered as the archive's records of the entity; the field B by origin (6 cards, 1 unreachable; the census's one own page is card 1; Wikipedia, no article); the composer read the ledgers, never the transcript, except where the brief asks for T's claims and the delta. Ledger: unaudited (§3.8: one extractor per ledger); field quotes 51/51 verified by script against saved text, the Wikipedia response summary or the card text; archive quotes 42/42 verified against the registry, census.json and the deposit text.

WORKING KNOWLEDGE OBJECT · NOT FROZEN · LEDGER UNAUDITED

Current instantiation — composed under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9 (#1690)

Expansion · Field and archive, equal terms — L(B ∪ A)26 sentences · every one sourced below

Crowd Counting Consortium

The Crowd Counting Consortium calls itself "A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States." (Ash Center page), and the maryleelabor census enters it, under the names CCC and crowdcounting.org, as a public interest and scholarly project documenting protests and demonstrations in the United States and publishing an event dataset (maryleelabor record). It is "a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience" (Ash Center page; Policy Commons card), and in its blog's first post, of 9 February 2021, "a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States" (Counting Crowds); a third party's page on its 2025 data restates it as a Harvard and UConn project that has collected such data since January 2017, on events that "articulate grievances against or express support for political targets" (boB Rudis). The census asks of it, as of every resource it enters, "Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?", answers in three fields it defines as whose record, who holds it and on what terms, and whether and how it keeps "minority positions, splits, expulsions and dissent", and places it in its area of labor action, "strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described" (maryleelabor record). The question comes from the census's anchor, #1725, which found that "Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender" (#1725; maryleelabor record).

It "first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington" on 21 January 2017, and has since expanded to near-real-time information on the occurrence, themes and scale of American protest (Ash Center page); its X account, linking crowdcounting.org, joined in February 2017, and the census dates its founding to 2017 (X; maryleelabor record). It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, which its blog calls "one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut" (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds, 6 May 2024); its X profile states that it "is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman" (X), its page lists a team of Chenoweth, Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment, Pressman, Senior Research Fellow, and others, a research associate of the consortium among them, and names Jay Ulfelder as the Lab's program director (Ash Center page), and the census records the operator as the two schools' joint project, part of the Lab, begun by Pressman and Chenoweth (maryleelabor record). Its funding comes in part from foundations and university centres, the Freedom Together Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation among them, and earlier from the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Ash Center page), and the census names its holder "a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse" (maryleelabor record).

It collects "publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions" and does not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers or town halls (Ash Center FAQ); the census's unit is "a political protest event reported in the United States, with crowd numbers", and its record object carries the same list, riots included, and the same exclusions (maryleelabor record). The third party's page states the scope differently at one point: the dataset includes events "open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)", in all U.S. states and territories with no minimum crowd size, virtual gatherings included and paid fundraisers, workshops, closed campaign events and routine government meetings excluded unless disrupted (boB Rudis); the consortium's own list includes riots (Ash Center FAQ). That page's text carries, directly after its description of the dataset, the string "RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.", and states that its data run from January to May 2025, with its source on Codeberg (boB Rudis). Its goal is "to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event", collected in the public interest and for scholarly research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census records what it keeps as "the record of political crowds in the United States: occurrence, themes and scale, as publicly reported or submitted with a verifiable source" (maryleelabor record).

It has collaborated with countlove.org, "a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis" (Ash Center page), a cooperation its X account marked in April 2022 (X), and the census calls its method news-derived event coding from public reports, verified public submissions and that webcrawler (maryleelabor record). "We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking", a submission must carry "a source that is publicly verifiable", and "We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain." (Ash Center page); the University of Denver and the University of Connecticut determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census carries the rules among its stated limits and the determinations as a negative tag (maryleelabor record).

Its data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse "for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others", in three phases, 2017–2020, 2021–2024 and 2025 to the present, with documentation and a citation form naming crowdcounting.org (Ash Center page); the About page of Counting Crowds, the "Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium", has the data in monthly Google Sheets, a compiled and augmented version kept on GitHub by the Nonviolent Action Lab and updated weekly, usually on Wednesdays, and an interactive dashboard (Counting Crowds), and the census records its coverage as the United States from 2017 in the same three phases (maryleelabor record). The census records public download from the Harvard Dataverse and a public submission form, no licence on the saved page, and as unchecked the dataset and its codebook, the licence, the crowdcounting.org site and the listed commentary (maryleelabor record).

Its X account wrote on 29 August 2024 "Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting." and on 3 July 2020 that it was closing in on 5,000 listings of antiracism protests (X); its commentary recorded nearly 2,300 protests on Palestine or Israel by 28 November 2023, "with hundreds of thousands of total participants", nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, and protest at over 500 schools with encampments at more than 130 of them (Ash Center page), and its blog counted encampments on more than 100 campuses and at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct action on 15 April 2024 (Counting Crowds). The census gives no total, the count "not stated as a total in the saved source" beyond that dated subset, and lists as holdings the three phases, the commentary, the Israel/Palestine dashboards and more than 600 scholarly citations (maryleelabor record).

Its page records the data's uses in public argument: the 2017 Women’s March as, at that time, the largest single-day demonstration in US history; the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts as the broadest, in over 4,400 locations; the 2020 protests after George Floyd’s murder as the largest and broadest mobilization, in a New York Times analysis; the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising as "overwhelmingly peaceful"; the 2023–2024 pro-Palestine protests as "generally peaceful", against common narratives of violence; the rebuttal of the narrative of "no resistance" to the second Trump administration, with "a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters"; and the No Kings protests of June and October 2025 among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history (Ash Center page). Academics use the data to study protest, counter-protest and state response, the team's articles and essays have more than 600 scholarly citations, and the Nonviolent Action Lab publishes commentary on the data, the latest listed on the page dated 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page); the census's answers are how many protests on a theme occurred in a period and where, the size of named mobilizations, and whether a wave was broadly nonviolent, and its lifecycle and dates record an active project published monthly, its latest listed commentary 2025-08-15 (maryleelabor record).

On the census's question the record keeps the crowd: its losing side is "not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted", the census tags it "NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", and among what it does not answer it lists "the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event" (maryleelabor record). The census's own reading takes the dataset as "a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives", which "keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded" (maryleelabor record). #1725 states of its own case record that "no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period", and that the frequency of its pattern across the left as a whole "is unmeasured" (#1725).

At its name, a new address queried with the census name on 31 October 2026, the Capture Registry records that the Overview gives the founders, institutional home, scope and data, "Faithful on founders, home and data.", with its founders and institutions named and the consortium's pages among six cards from Harvard, Counting Crowds (two), boB Rudis, Policy Commons and X, and records the resource as external to the archive (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31). The Registry reads the composition as putting 'nonviolent' first "in a scope the consortium states without it", against the page's "We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31); the 'nonviolent' scope stands on the rail in the third party's page (boB Rudis). The Registry also reads it as leaving out "the verification and privacy rules that bound the record", the fact-checking rule and the rule on identifying information, under the title "THE CONSORTIUM AT ITS GRAIN; ITS VERIFICATION AND PRIVACY RULES NOT CARRIED" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).

Wikipedia has no article with the name; five articles mention it, among them Erica Chenoweth and Crowd counting, the article on the estimation of crowd sizes, which lists the consortium among its external links (Wikipedia).

Provenance — every sentence sourced26 sentences

26 sentences; 51 field claims, 42 archive claims. Modality is the source's own; the prose carries it in its grammar.

1.The Crowd Counting Consortium calls itself "A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States." (Ash Center page), and the maryleelabor census enters it, under the names CCC and crowdcounting.org, as a public interest and scholarly project documenting protests and demonstrations in the United States and publishing an event dataset (maryleelabor record).4
  • F1 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, header documented · field
    A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States.
  • ML-01 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].kind stipulation
    a public interest and scholarly project documenting protests and demonstrations in the United States, publishing an event dataset
  • ML-03 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].aka documented
    ["CCC", "crowdcounting.org"]
  • ML-05 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].evidence_kind stipulation
    ["event dataset"]
2.It is "a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience" (Ash Center page; Policy Commons card), and in its blog's first post, of 9 February 2021, "a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States" (Counting Crowds); a third party's page on its 2025 data restates it as a Harvard and UConn project that has collected such data since January 2017, on events that "articulate grievances against or express support for political targets" (boB Rudis).4
  • F2 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience.
  • F42 Policy Commons — Crowd Counting Consortium - Policy Commons, card snippet documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC), a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, collects publicly available data on political ...
  • F38 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Hello, World!' (Posted by crowdcounters February 9, 2021), excerpt documented · field
    Welcome to the blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium, a.k.a. CCC. CCC is a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States. CCC emerged in early 2017 from an improptu collaboration between Professors Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut)
  • F33 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a collaborative project between Harvard University and University of Connecticut that has systematically collected data on political protest events across the United States since January 2017. The dataset encompasses rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience that articulate grievances against or express support for political targets.
3.The census asks of it, as of every resource it enters, "Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?", answers in three fields it defines as whose record, who holds it and on what terms, and whether and how it keeps "minority positions, splits, expulsions and dissent", and places it in its area of labor action, "strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described" (maryleelabor record).4
  • ML-25 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json organizing_question stipulation
    Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?
  • ML-26 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json schema_note stipulation
    record (keeps: whose record; holder: who holds it and on what terms; losing_side: whether and how it keeps minority positions, splits, expulsions and dissent, as the resource itself shows, or 'not recorded')
  • ML-04 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].areas stipulation
    ["labor-action"]
  • ML-29 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json areas['labor-action'] stipulation
    Labor action: strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described
4.The question comes from the census's anchor, #1725, which found that "Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender" (#1725; maryleelabor record).2
  • O1725-02 #1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique Sharks, Lee · 2026-10-31 · Conclusion, ¶1 (line 369) interpretation
    The decisive variable in the record is what happens to the losing position after the decision. The amount of conflict matters far less. Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender.
  • ML-28 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json anchor['title'] documented
    Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique
5.It "first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington" on 21 January 2017, and has since expanded to near-real-time information on the occurrence, themes and scale of American protest (Ash Center page); its X account, linking crowdcounting.org, joined in February 2017, and the census dates its founding to 2017 (X; maryleelabor record).4
  • F4 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s1 documented · field
    The CCC first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington (and its affiliated sister marches nationwide) on January 21, 2017.
  • F5 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s2 documented · field
    Since then, the project has expanded to provide near-real-time information on trends in the occurrence, themes, and scale of American protest activity.
  • F47 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile documented · field
    crowdcounting.org … Joined February 2017
  • ML-27 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].founded documented
    2017
6.It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, which its blog calls "one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut" (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds, 6 May 2024); its X profile states that it "is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman" (X), its page lists a team of Chenoweth, Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment, Pressman, Senior Research Fellow, and others, a research associate of the consortium among them, and names Jay Ulfelder as the Lab's program director (Ash Center page), and the census records the operator as the two schools' joint project, part of the Lab, begun by Pressman and Chenoweth (maryleelabor record).5
  • F3 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, sidebar, Part of documented · field
    Part of Nonviolent Action Lab
  • F39 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Nonviolent Action Lab Podcast Launches' (May 6, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    The Nonviolent Action Lab at Harvard Kennedy School‘s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation—one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut
  • F43 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile bio documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman
  • F16 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Meet the Team; commentary of May 10, 2024 documented · field
    Erica Chenoweth … Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment … Jeremy Pressman … Senior Research Fellow, AY2025-2027 … Christopher Shay … Research Associate, Crowd Counting Consortium … Nonviolent Action Lab Program Director Jay Ulfelder
  • ML-02 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].operator documented
    Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut (joint project), part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center; begun by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS)
7.Its funding comes in part from foundations and university centres, the Freedom Together Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation among them, and earlier from the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Ash Center page), and the census names its holder "a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse" (maryleelabor record).2
  • F24 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where does your funding come from? documented · field
    Funding is made possible in part by the Freedom Together Foundation, New Venture Fund, Humanity United, the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation … Previously, we received support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York
  • ML-09 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['holder'] stipulation
    a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse
8.It collects "publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions" and does not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers or town halls (Ash Center FAQ); the census's unit is "a political protest event reported in the United States, with crowd numbers", and its record object carries the same list, riots included, and the same exclusions (maryleelabor record).3
  • F20 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What kind of actions are you collecting? documented · field
    We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions. We do not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers, or town halls.
  • ML-06 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].unit stipulation
    a political protest event reported in the United States, with crowd numbers
  • ML-07 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record_object stipulation
    political protest events in the United States from 2017: rallies, marches, demonstrations, riots and acts of civil disobedience; it excludes crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls
9.The third party's page states the scope differently at one point: the dataset includes events "open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)", in all U.S. states and territories with no minimum crowd size, virtual gatherings included and paid fundraisers, workshops, closed campaign events and routine government meetings excluded unless disrupted (boB Rudis); the consortium's own list includes riots (Ash Center FAQ).3
  • F34 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s1–2 documented · field
    The dataset includes events that are open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons). Coverage extends to all U.S. states and territories, with no minimum crowd size requirement.
  • F35 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s3–4 documented · field
    Virtual gatherings are included alongside physical events, reflecting the evolution of collective action especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluded are activities like paid fundraisers, workshops, campaign events closed to the public, and routine government meetings unless deliberately disrupted by protesters.
  • F20 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What kind of actions are you collecting? documented · field
    We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions. We do not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers, or town halls.
10.That page's text carries, directly after its description of the dataset, the string "RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.", and states that its data run from January to May 2025, with its source on Codeberg (boB Rudis).2
  • F36 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2, end documented · field
    RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.
  • F37 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶3–4 documented · field
    Current dataset includes data from January 2025 to May 2025 . … View the project source on Codeberg .
11.Its goal is "to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event", collected in the public interest and for scholarly research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census records what it keeps as "the record of political crowds in the United States: occurrence, themes and scale, as publicly reported or submitted with a verifiable source" (maryleelabor record).2
  • F21 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What do you intend to do with these data? documented · field
    Our goal is to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event. We are collecting this data in the public interest and to further scholarly research.
  • ML-08 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['keeps'] stipulation
    the record of political crowds in the United States: occurrence, themes and scale, as publicly reported or submitted with a verifiable source
12.It has collaborated with countlove.org, "a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis" (Ash Center page), a cooperation its X account marked in April 2022 (X), and the census calls its method news-derived event coding from public reports, verified public submissions and that webcrawler (maryleelabor record).3
  • F25 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, last paragraph documented · field
    We have collaborated with countlove.org , a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis.
  • F46 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Apr 9, 2022 documented · field
    Our latest, in cooperation with @CountLoveOrg
  • ML-11 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].method interpretation
    news-derived event coding: publicly available reports of protest events, records submitted by the public and posted only when confirmed by fact-checking, and a collaboration with countlove.org's webcrawler
13."We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking", a submission must carry "a source that is publicly verifiable", and "We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain." (Ash Center page); the University of Denver and the University of Connecticut determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census carries the rules among its stated limits and the determinations as a negative tag (maryleelabor record).5
  • F18 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking. When you submit a record, be sure to provide a source that is publicly verifiable
  • F19 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain.
  • F22 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Human Research Subject boards documented · field
    This is a public-interest project. The University of Denver’s Office of Research Integrity and Education determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research and therefore does not require further review or oversight by its Institutional Review Board. The University of Connecticut made a similar determination.
  • ML-15 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].stated_limits stipulation
    We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking.' … 'We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain.
  • ML-23 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].negative_tags stipulation
    ["NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", "NOT human subjects research, by the determinations of the University of Denver and UConn", "NOT a record of crowds at meetings, teach-ins or town halls"]
14.Its data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse "for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others", in three phases, 2017–2020, 2021–2024 and 2025 to the present, with documentation and a citation form naming crowdcounting.org (Ash Center page); the About page of Counting Crowds, the "Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium", has the data in monthly Google Sheets, a compiled and augmented version kept on GitHub by the Nonviolent Action Lab and updated weekly, usually on Wednesdays, and an interactive dashboard (Counting Crowds), and the census records its coverage as the United States from 2017 in the same three phases (maryleelabor record).8
  • F6 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s1 documented · field
    CCC data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse, for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others.
  • F17 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Download the Data documented · field
    Protest event data from CCC’s three phases — 2017-2020, 2021-2024, and 2025 to the present — can be downloaded from the project’s Dataverse.
  • F23 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where can I get the data?; How should I cite these data? documented · field
    The data and associated documentation are shared via the Harvard Dataverse … Please include a citation to the Crowd Counting Consortium such as: Crowd Counting Consortium, crowdcounting.org, accessed September 17, 2021.
  • F29 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, site header documented · field
    Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium
  • F30 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶2 documented · field
    CCC records and shares its data in monthly Google Sheets, which you can find on the project’s View/Download the Data page .
  • F31 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶3 documented · field
    A compiled and augmented version of the complete dataset can be found in this GitHub repository , which is maintained by the Harvard Kennedy School’s Nonviolent Action Lab . We update that compiled version weekly, usually on Wednesdays.
  • F32 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶4 documented · field
    You can also explore the compiled data online using this interactive dashboard .
  • ML-12 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].coverage documented
    {"geography": "United States", "period": "2017 to the present, in three phases: 2017-2020, 2021-2024, 2025 to the present"}
15.The census records public download from the Harvard Dataverse and a public submission form, no licence on the saved page, and as unchecked the dataset and its codebook, the licence, the crowdcounting.org site and the listed commentary (maryleelabor record).3
  • ML-19 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].data_access documented
    public download from the Harvard Dataverse (dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/crowdcountingconsortium/), published monthly; a public submission form
  • ML-20 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].license documented
    not stated in the saved source (page footer: © Copyright 2026 The President and Fellows of Harvard College)
  • ML-24 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].unchecked self-description
    ["the dataset on the Harvard Dataverse and its codebook", "the dataset's licence (not on the saved page)", "the crowdcounting.org site named in the citation form", "the commentary and articles listed on the page"]
16.Its X account wrote on 29 August 2024 "Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting." and on 3 July 2020 that it was closing in on 5,000 listings of antiracism protests (X); its commentary recorded nearly 2,300 protests on Palestine or Israel by 28 November 2023, "with hundreds of thousands of total participants", nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, and protest at over 500 schools with encampments at more than 130 of them (Ash Center page), and its blog counted encampments on more than 100 campuses and at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct action on 15 April 2024 (Counting Crowds).7
  • F44 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Aug 29, 2024 documented · field
    Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting.
  • F45 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Jul 3, 2020 documented · field
    Continuing to count as we close in on 5000 listings of antiracism protests.
  • F51 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Nov 28, 2023 documented · field
    Since October 7, the Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) has recorded nearly 2,300 U.S. protests, rallies, marches, caravans, demonstrations, vigils, banner drops, and direct actions in support of Palestine or Israel, with hundreds of thousands of total participants on different sides of this mass mobilization. … Nov 28, 2023
  • F26 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Oct 23, 2024 documented · field
    From 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, the Crowd Counting Consortium recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine protests and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests in the United States. … Oct 23, 2024
  • F27 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, May 30, 2024 documented · field
    Crowd Counting Consortium data show more than 3,700 days with pro-Palestinian protest activity at over 500 U.S. schools since October 7, 2023, including encampments at more than 130 of them.
  • F40 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Three Things the Pro-Palestine Movement Is Not' (May 10, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    Protest encampments have sprung up over the past few weeks on more than 100 college and university campuses across the country
  • F41 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'A15 Day of Action for Palestinian Liberation Delivers Intended Disruptions' (April 16, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    In the largest single day of deliberately disruptive protest activity in the United States since at least 2020, activists responded to the call for a global “coordinated economic blockade to free Palestine” with at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct actions in 23 different cities from coast to coast
17.The census gives no total, the count "not stated as a total in the saved source" beyond that dated subset, and lists as holdings the three phases, the commentary, the Israel/Palestine dashboards and more than 600 scholarly citations (maryleelabor record).2
  • ML-13 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].count['value'] documented
    not stated as a total in the saved source; a dated subset: nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests recorded from 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024
  • ML-14 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].holdings documented
    protest event data in three phases, downloadable from the Harvard Dataverse … Israel/Palestine protest dashboards … more than 600 scholarly citations of the team's articles and essays since 2017
18.Its page records the data's uses in public argument: the 2017 Women’s March as, at that time, the largest single-day demonstration in US history; the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts as the broadest, in over 4,400 locations; the 2020 protests after George Floyd’s murder as the largest and broadest mobilization, in a New York Times analysis; the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising as "overwhelmingly peaceful"; the 2023–2024 pro-Palestine protests as "generally peaceful", against common narratives of violence; the rebuttal of the narrative of "no resistance" to the second Trump administration, with "a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters"; and the No Kings protests of June and October 2025 among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history (Ash Center page).7
  • F8 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 1 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2017 Women’s March was the largest single-day demonstration in US history.
  • F9 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 2 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts were the broadest single day demonstration if U.S. history (occurring in over 4400 distinct locations).
  • F10 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 3 documented · field
    CCC data underlie an influential New York Times analysis demonstrating that, at that time, protests in 2020 following George Floyd’s murder constituted the largest and broadest mobilization in U.S. history.
  • F11 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 4 documented · field
    Relatedly, CCC data support the claim that the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising was overwhelmingly peaceful , especially relative to the heavy-handed police response.
  • F12 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 5 documented · field
    CCC data underpin an analysis of the 2023-2024 pro-Palestine protests, which were also generally peaceful , despite common narratives that the protests were violent.
  • F13 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    Most recently, the CCC data have been used to rebut the narrative that there is “no resistance” to the second Trump administration. Instead, the CCC data demonstrate higher degrees of protest throughout 2025 than in 2017, a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters, and an increasing number of protests (and protest participants) in counties where Trump won majorities in 2024.
  • F14 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    The CCC data also demonstrated that the No Kings protests in June and October of 2025 were among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history.
19.Academics use the data to study protest, counter-protest and state response, the team's articles and essays have more than 600 scholarly citations, and the Nonviolent Action Lab publishes commentary on the data, the latest listed on the page dated 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page); the census's answers are how many protests on a theme occurred in a period and where, the size of named mobilizations, and whether a wave was broadly nonviolent, and its lifecycle and dates record an active project published monthly, its latest listed commentary 2025-08-15 (maryleelabor record).6
  • F15 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Advancing Scholarship documented · field
    Academics routinely turn to the CCC data to study protest, counter-protest, and state response. Articles and essays published by the CCC team since 2017 have collectively garnered more than 600 scholarly citations so far.
  • F7 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s2 documented · field
    The NVA Lab regularly publishes commentary and analysis pieces based on the CCC data, advancing both scholarly and public understandings of protest in the US.
  • F28 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Aug 15, 2025 (the latest listed) documented · field
    New data shows No Kings was one of the largest days of protest in US history … Aug 15, 2025
  • ML-16 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].answers interpretation
    how many protests on a theme occurred in the United States in a period, and where … whether protests in a wave were broadly nonviolent, as the data record
  • ML-21 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].lifecycle['detail'] documented
    begun with the Women's March of 21 January 2017; expanded to near-real-time information; third phase from 2025 to the present; data published monthly
  • ML-22 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].version_and_time documented
    {"origin_event": "2017-01-21", "phases": "2017-2020, 2021-2024, 2025-present", "latest_listed_commentary": "2025-08-15", "read": "2026-10-31"}
20.On the census's question the record keeps the crowd: its losing side is "not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted", the census tags it "NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", and among what it does not answer it lists "the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event" (maryleelabor record).3
  • ML-10 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['losing_side'] stipulation
    not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted
  • ML-23 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].negative_tags stipulation
    ["NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", "NOT human subjects research, by the determinations of the University of Denver and UConn", "NOT a record of crowds at meetings, teach-ins or town halls"]
  • ML-17 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].does_not_answer interpretation
    labor action as such: it counts political crowds of all kinds … the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event
21.The census's own reading takes the dataset as "a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives", which "keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded" (maryleelabor record).1
  • ML-18 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].ml_reading interpretation
    none stated. The archive reads the dataset as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives (that the 2020 uprising was violent; that there was 'no resistance' in 2025). It keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded.
22.#1725 states of its own case record that "no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period", and that the frequency of its pattern across the left as a whole "is unmeasured" (#1725).1
  • O1725-01 #1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique Sharks, Lee · 2026-10-31 · § What the evidence says against the hypothesis, closing paragraph (line 91) self-description
    One caution applies to the whole sample. The research collected notable conflicts, and no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period. The pattern is strong across the cases examined. Its frequency across the left as a whole is unmeasured.
23.At its name, a new address queried with the census name on 31 October 2026, the Capture Registry records that the Overview gives the founders, institutional home, scope and data, "Faithful on founders, home and data.", with its founders and institutions named and the consortium's pages among six cards from Harvard, Counting Crowds (two), boB Rudis, Policy Commons and X, and records the resource as external to the archive (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).6
  • CAP-1-01 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, reading s2 documented
    Asked for the consortium, the Overview gives its founders, institutional home, scope and data.
  • CAP-1-02 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis s1 interpretation
    Faithful on founders, home and data.
  • CAP-1-08 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, per_note documented
    Founders and institutions named; the consortium's pages among the cards.
  • CAP-1-09 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, q_kind documented
    the census name; NEW address.
  • CAP-1-10 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, d documented
    Founders, home, scope, scale, data access. Six cards: Harvard, Counting Crowds (two), boB Rudis, Policy Commons, X.
  • CAP-1-11 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, originator.basis documented
    Not the archive's: an external resource, entered in the maryleelabor left-and-labor census on 2026-10-31
24.The Registry reads the composition as putting 'nonviolent' first "in a scope the consortium states without it", against the page's "We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31); the 'nonviolent' scope stands on the rail in the third party's page (boB Rudis).3
  • CAP-1-03 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis s2, first clause interpretation
    The composition puts 'nonviolent' first in a scope the consortium states without it
  • CAP-1-05 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, findings[0] interpretation
    THE SCOPE AT ITS GRAIN, WITH A NARROWING. 'Systematically logs public, nonviolent (and broader political) crowd events'. The consortium's page: 'We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States'; it does not restrict its count to nonviolent events.
  • F34 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s1–2 documented · field
    The dataset includes events that are open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons). Coverage extends to all U.S. states and territories, with no minimum crowd size requirement.
25.The Registry also reads it as leaving out "the verification and privacy rules that bound the record", the fact-checking rule and the rule on identifying information, under the title "THE CONSORTIUM AT ITS GRAIN; ITS VERIFICATION AND PRIVACY RULES NOT CARRIED" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).3
  • CAP-1-04 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis s2, second clause interpretation
    leaves out the verification and privacy rules that bound the record.
  • CAP-1-06 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, findings[1] interpretation
    THE RULES NOT CARRIED. 'We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking.' and 'We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public' (the consortium's page).
  • CAP-1-07 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, mt interpretation
    'CROWD COUNTING CONSORTIUM' ON THE OVERVIEW — THE CONSORTIUM AT ITS GRAIN; ITS VERIFICATION AND PRIVACY RULES NOT CARRIED
26.Wikipedia has no article with the name; five articles mention it, among them Erica Chenoweth and Crowd counting, the article on the estimation of crowd sizes, which lists the consortium among its external links (Wikipedia).3
  • F48 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), rendered page notice documented · field
    Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name.
  • F49 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Crowd counting, External links documented · field
    [https://ash.harvard.edu/programs/crowd-counting-consortium Crowd Counting Consortium] of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]
  • F50 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Special:Search, results documented · field
    The five articles that mention the name: Erica Chenoweth; Crowd counting; Protests against Donald Trump; George Floyd protests; Gaza war protests in the United States.
Compression · Field and archive, equal terms — L(B ∪ A)Crowd Counting Consortium

Crowd Counting Consortium is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, part of the Nonviolent Action Lab, that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States; Jeremy Pressman and Erica Chenoweth began it to count the Women’s March of 21 January 2017 (Ash Center page; maryleelabor record).

🗂️ What it counts

  • Political crowds: marches, protests, demonstrations, riots; no meetings, teach-ins, fundraisers or town halls; aggregate crowd numbers per event (Ash Center FAQ; record).3↘
    It collects "publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions" and does not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers or town halls (Ash Center FAQ); the census's unit is "a political protest event reported in the United States, with crowd numbers", and its record object carries the same list, riots included, and the same exclusions (maryleelabor record).§8 The third party's page states the scope differently at one point: the dataset includes events "open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)", in all U.S. states and territories with no minimum crowd size, virtual gatherings included and paid fundraisers, workshops, closed campaign events and routine government meetings excluded unless disrupted (boB Rudis); the consortium's own list includes riots (Ash Center FAQ).§9 Its goal is "to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event", collected in the public interest and for scholarly research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census records what it keeps as "the record of political crowds in the United States: occurrence, themes and scale, as publicly reported or submitted with a verifiable source" (maryleelabor record).§11
  • A third party’s account: public, free, "nonviolent" events, every state and territory, no minimum size, its page carrying a Claude interface string (boB Rudis).3↘
    The third party's page states the scope differently at one point: the dataset includes events "open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)", in all U.S. states and territories with no minimum crowd size, virtual gatherings included and paid fundraisers, workshops, closed campaign events and routine government meetings excluded unless disrupted (boB Rudis); the consortium's own list includes riots (Ash Center FAQ).§9 That page's text carries, directly after its description of the dataset, the string "RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.", and states that its data run from January to May 2025, with its source on Codeberg (boB Rudis).§10 The Registry reads the composition as putting 'nonviolent' first "in a scope the consortium states without it", against the page's "We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31); the 'nonviolent' scope stands on the rail in the third party's page (boB Rudis).§24
  • Counts: 200,000 protests and rallies by August 2024; no total in the record (X; Ash Center page; record).2↘
    Its X account wrote on 29 August 2024 "Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting." and on 3 July 2020 that it was closing in on 5,000 listings of antiracism protests (X); its commentary recorded nearly 2,300 protests on Palestine or Israel by 28 November 2023, "with hundreds of thousands of total participants", nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, and protest at over 500 schools with encampments at more than 130 of them (Ash Center page), and its blog counted encampments on more than 100 campuses and at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct action on 15 April 2024 (Counting Crowds).§16 The census gives no total, the count "not stated as a total in the saved source" beyond that dated subset, and lists as holdings the three phases, the commentary, the Israel/Palestine dashboards and more than 600 scholarly citations (maryleelabor record).§17

✅ Its rules

  • Verified: only records confirmed through fact-checking, each with a publicly verifiable source; Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X; record).2↘
    It has collaborated with countlove.org, "a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis" (Ash Center page), a cooperation its X account marked in April 2022 (X), and the census calls its method news-derived event coding from public reports, verified public submissions and that webcrawler (maryleelabor record).§12 "We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking", a submission must carry "a source that is publicly verifiable", and "We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain." (Ash Center page); the University of Denver and the University of Connecticut determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census carries the rules among its stated limits and the determinations as a negative tag (maryleelabor record).§13
  • Private: no identifying information not already public; not human subjects research (Ash Center page; record).2↘
    "We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking", a submission must carry "a source that is publicly verifiable", and "We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain." (Ash Center page); the University of Denver and the University of Connecticut determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census carries the rules among its stated limits and the determinations as a negative tag (maryleelabor record).§13 On the census's question the record keeps the crowd: its losing side is "not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted", the census tags it "NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", and among what it does not answer it lists "the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event" (maryleelabor record).§20

📂 Its data and uses

  • Dataverse: monthly, in three phases since 2017; on its blog, Google Sheets and a weekly GitHub compilation (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds; record).2↘
    Its data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse "for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others", in three phases, 2017–2020, 2021–2024 and 2025 to the present, with documentation and a citation form naming crowdcounting.org (Ash Center page); the About page of Counting Crowds, the "Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium", has the data in monthly Google Sheets, a compiled and augmented version kept on GitHub by the Nonviolent Action Lab and updated weekly, usually on Wednesdays, and an interactive dashboard (Counting Crowds), and the census records its coverage as the United States from 2017 in the same three phases (maryleelabor record).§14 The census records public download from the Harvard Dataverse and a public submission form, no licence on the saved page, and as unchecked the dataset and its codebook, the licence, the crowdcounting.org site and the listed commentary (maryleelabor record).§15
  • Uses: the Women’s March, BLM 2020 "overwhelmingly peaceful", the rebuttal of "no resistance", No Kings; 600+ citations (Ash Center page; record).3↘
    The census gives no total, the count "not stated as a total in the saved source" beyond that dated subset, and lists as holdings the three phases, the commentary, the Israel/Palestine dashboards and more than 600 scholarly citations (maryleelabor record).§17 Its page records the data's uses in public argument: the 2017 Women’s March as, at that time, the largest single-day demonstration in US history; the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts as the broadest, in over 4,400 locations; the 2020 protests after George Floyd’s murder as the largest and broadest mobilization, in a New York Times analysis; the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising as "overwhelmingly peaceful"; the 2023–2024 pro-Palestine protests as "generally peaceful", against common narratives of violence; the rebuttal of the narrative of "no resistance" to the second Trump administration, with "a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters"; and the No Kings protests of June and October 2025 among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history (Ash Center page).§18 Academics use the data to study protest, counter-protest and state response, the team's articles and essays have more than 600 scholarly citations, and the Nonviolent Action Lab publishes commentary on the data, the latest listed on the page dated 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page); the census's answers are how many protests on a theme occurred in a period and where, the size of named mobilizations, and whether a wave was broadly nonviolent, and its lifecycle and dates record an active project published monthly, its latest listed commentary 2025-08-15 (maryleelabor record).§19
  • Home: co-directed by Chenoweth and Pressman; funded by foundations and university centres (X; Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).3↘
    It "first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington" on 21 January 2017, and has since expanded to near-real-time information on the occurrence, themes and scale of American protest (Ash Center page); its X account, linking crowdcounting.org, joined in February 2017, and the census dates its founding to 2017 (X; maryleelabor record).§5 It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, which its blog calls "one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut" (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds, 6 May 2024); its X profile states that it "is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman" (X), its page lists a team of Chenoweth, Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment, Pressman, Senior Research Fellow, and others, a research associate of the consortium among them, and names Jay Ulfelder as the Lab's program director (Ash Center page), and the census records the operator as the two schools' joint project, part of the Lab, begun by Pressman and Chenoweth (maryleelabor record).§6 Its funding comes in part from foundations and university centres, the Freedom Together Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation among them, and earlier from the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Ash Center page), and the census names its holder "a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse" (maryleelabor record).§7

⚖️ The census’s question

  • Whose record: political crowds, held by a university project (record).3↘
    The census asks of it, as of every resource it enters, "Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?", answers in three fields it defines as whose record, who holds it and on what terms, and whether and how it keeps "minority positions, splits, expulsions and dissent", and places it in its area of labor action, "strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described" (maryleelabor record).§3 The question comes from the census's anchor, #1725, which found that "Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender" (#1725; maryleelabor record).§4 Its funding comes in part from foundations and university centres, the Freedom Together Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation among them, and earlier from the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Ash Center page), and the census names its holder "a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse" (maryleelabor record).§7
  • The losing side: "not recorded"; it keeps the crowd and leaves the movement's internal argument unrecorded; no labor dataset (record).2↘
    On the census's question the record keeps the crowd: its losing side is "not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted", the census tags it "NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", and among what it does not answer it lists "the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event" (maryleelabor record).§20 The census's own reading takes the dataset as "a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives", which "keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded" (maryleelabor record).§21
  • Organ, holder, route: where a defeated critique keeps them, synthesis followed; no dataset of left splits was found (#1725).2↘
    The question comes from the census's anchor, #1725, which found that "Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender" (#1725; maryleelabor record).§4 #1725 states of its own case record that "no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period", and that the frequency of its pattern across the left as a whole "is unmeasured" (#1725).§22

🔎 At the name

  • Faithful: on founders, home and data (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).1↘
    At its name, a new address queried with the census name on 31 October 2026, the Capture Registry records that the Overview gives the founders, institutional home, scope and data, "Faithful on founders, home and data.", with its founders and institutions named and the consortium's pages among six cards from Harvard, Counting Crowds (two), boB Rudis, Policy Commons and X, and records the resource as external to the archive (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).§23
  • Narrowed: 'nonviolent' put first, as on the third party's page; the verification and privacy rules left out (Capture Registry; boB Rudis).3↘
    The third party's page states the scope differently at one point: the dataset includes events "open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)", in all U.S. states and territories with no minimum crowd size, virtual gatherings included and paid fundraisers, workshops, closed campaign events and routine government meetings excluded unless disrupted (boB Rudis); the consortium's own list includes riots (Ash Center FAQ).§9 The Registry reads the composition as putting 'nonviolent' first "in a scope the consortium states without it", against the page's "We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31); the 'nonviolent' scope stands on the rail in the third party's page (boB Rudis).§24 The Registry also reads it as leaving out "the verification and privacy rules that bound the record", the fact-checking rule and the rule on identifying information, under the title "THE CONSORTIUM AT ITS GRAIN; ITS VERIFICATION AND PRIVACY RULES NOT CARRIED" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).§25
  • Reception: no Wikipedia article; mentioned in five (Wikipedia).1↘
    Wikipedia has no article with the name; five articles mention it, among them Erica Chenoweth and Crowd counting, the article on the estimation of crowd sizes, which lists the consortium among its external links (Wikipedia).§26
1what it is: a public interest and scholarly project documenting protest in the United StatesCounting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds9 claims · B1, B3, B4, B5, ML
  • F2 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience.
  • F1 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, header documented · field
    A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States.
  • F42 Policy Commons — Crowd Counting Consortium - Policy Commons, card snippet documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC), a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, collects publicly available data on political ...
  • F38 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Hello, World!' (Posted by crowdcounters February 9, 2021), excerpt documented · field
    Welcome to the blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium, a.k.a. CCC. CCC is a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States. CCC emerged in early 2017 from an improptu collaboration between Professors Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut)
  • F33 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a collaborative project between Harvard University and University of Connecticut that has systematically collected data on political protest events across the United States since January 2017. The dataset encompasses rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience that articulate grievances against or express support for political targets.
  • ML-01 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].kind stipulation
    a public interest and scholarly project documenting protests and demonstrations in the United States, publishing an event dataset
  • ML-03 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].aka documented
    ["CCC", "crowdcounting.org"]
  • F21 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What do you intend to do with these data? documented · field
    Our goal is to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event. We are collecting this data in the public interest and to further scholarly research.
  • F5 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s2 documented · field
    Since then, the project has expanded to provide near-real-time information on trends in the occurrence, themes, and scale of American protest activity.
2what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing sideML13 claims · ML
  • ML-05 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].evidence_kind stipulation
    ["event dataset"]
  • ML-08 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['keeps'] stipulation
    the record of political crowds in the United States: occurrence, themes and scale, as publicly reported or submitted with a verifiable source
  • ML-23 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].negative_tags stipulation
    ["NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", "NOT human subjects research, by the determinations of the University of Denver and UConn", "NOT a record of crowds at meetings, teach-ins or town halls"]
  • ML-24 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].unchecked self-description
    ["the dataset on the Harvard Dataverse and its codebook", "the dataset's licence (not on the saved page)", "the crowdcounting.org site named in the citation form", "the commentary and articles listed on the page"]
  • ML-16 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].answers interpretation
    how many protests on a theme occurred in the United States in a period, and where … whether protests in a wave were broadly nonviolent, as the data record
  • ML-25 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json organizing_question stipulation
    Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?
  • ML-26 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json schema_note stipulation
    record (keeps: whose record; holder: who holds it and on what terms; losing_side: whether and how it keeps minority positions, splits, expulsions and dissent, as the resource itself shows, or 'not recorded')
  • ML-04 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].areas stipulation
    ["labor-action"]
  • ML-29 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json areas['labor-action'] stipulation
    Labor action: strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described
  • ML-09 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['holder'] stipulation
    a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse
  • ML-10 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['losing_side'] stipulation
    not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted
  • ML-17 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].does_not_answer interpretation
    labor action as such: it counts political crowds of all kinds … the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event
  • ML-18 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].ml_reading interpretation
    none stated. The archive reads the dataset as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives (that the 2020 uprising was violent; that there was 'no resistance' in 2025). It keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded.
3the losing side: organ, holder and route (#1725)#1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Lef · 2026-10-313 claims · #1725, ML
  • ML-28 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json anchor['title'] documented
    Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique
  • O1725-02 #1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique Sharks, Lee · 2026-10-31 · Conclusion, ¶1 (line 369) interpretation
    The decisive variable in the record is what happens to the losing position after the decision. The amount of conflict matters far less. Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender.
  • O1725-01 #1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique Sharks, Lee · 2026-10-31 · § What the evidence says against the hypothesis, closing paragraph (line 91) self-description
    One caution applies to the whole sample. The research collected notable conflicts, and no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period. The pattern is strong across the cases examined. Its frequency across the left as a whole is unmeasured.
4origin and founders: the Women’s March of 21 January 2017Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center3 claims · B1, B6, ML
  • F4 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s1 documented · field
    The CCC first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington (and its affiliated sister marches nationwide) on January 21, 2017.
  • F47 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile documented · field
    crowdcounting.org … Joined February 2017
  • ML-27 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].founded documented
    2017
5operator and institutional home: Harvard Kennedy School, UConn, the Nonviolent Action LabCounting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds5 claims · B1, B4, B6, ML
  • F3 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, sidebar, Part of documented · field
    Part of Nonviolent Action Lab
  • ML-02 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].operator documented
    Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut (joint project), part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center; begun by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS)
  • F43 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile bio documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman
  • F16 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Meet the Team; commentary of May 10, 2024 documented · field
    Erica Chenoweth … Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment … Jeremy Pressman … Senior Research Fellow, AY2025-2027 … Christopher Shay … Research Associate, Crowd Counting Consortium … Nonviolent Action Lab Program Director Jay Ulfelder
  • F39 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Nonviolent Action Lab Podcast Launches' (May 6, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    The Nonviolent Action Lab at Harvard Kennedy School‘s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation—one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut
6fundingHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center1 claim · B1
  • F24 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where does your funding come from? documented · field
    Funding is made possible in part by the Freedom Together Foundation, New Venture Fund, Humanity United, the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation … Previously, we received support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York
7the unit: what counts as a political crowdHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center5 claims · B1, B3, ML
  • F20 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What kind of actions are you collecting? documented · field
    We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions. We do not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers, or town halls.
  • ML-06 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].unit stipulation
    a political protest event reported in the United States, with crowd numbers
  • ML-07 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record_object stipulation
    political protest events in the United States from 2017: rallies, marches, demonstrations, riots and acts of civil disobedience; it excludes crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls
  • F34 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s1–2 documented · field
    The dataset includes events that are open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons). Coverage extends to all U.S. states and territories, with no minimum crowd size requirement.
  • F35 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s3–4 documented · field
    Virtual gatherings are included alongside physical events, reflecting the evolution of collective action especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluded are activities like paid fundraisers, workshops, campaign events closed to the public, and routine government meetings unless deliberately disrupted by protesters.
8a third-party page carrying a model’s interface stringboB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data1 claim · B3
  • F36 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2, end documented · field
    RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.
9versions and datesHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center4 claims · B1, B3, ML
  • F37 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶3–4 documented · field
    Current dataset includes data from January 2025 to May 2025 . … View the project source on Codeberg .
  • F28 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Aug 15, 2025 (the latest listed) documented · field
    New data shows No Kings was one of the largest days of protest in US history … Aug 15, 2025
  • ML-21 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].lifecycle['detail'] documented
    begun with the Women's March of 21 January 2017; expanded to near-real-time information; third phase from 2025 to the present; data published monthly
  • ML-22 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].version_and_time documented
    {"origin_event": "2017-01-21", "phases": "2017-2020, 2021-2024, 2025-present", "latest_listed_commentary": "2025-08-15", "read": "2026-10-31"}
10method: public reports, verified submissions, a webcrawlerX·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X3 claims · B1, B6, ML
  • F25 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, last paragraph documented · field
    We have collaborated with countlove.org , a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis.
  • F46 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Apr 9, 2022 documented · field
    Our latest, in cooperation with @CountLoveOrg
  • ML-11 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].method interpretation
    news-derived event coding: publicly available reports of protest events, records submitted by the public and posted only when confirmed by fact-checking, and a collaboration with countlove.org's webcrawler
11verification and privacy: the rules that bound the recordHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center4 claims · B1, ML
  • F18 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking. When you submit a record, be sure to provide a source that is publicly verifiable
  • ML-15 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].stated_limits stipulation
    We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking.' … 'We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain.
  • F19 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain.
  • F22 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Human Research Subject boards documented · field
    This is a public-interest project. The University of Denver’s Office of Research Integrity and Education determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research and therefore does not require further review or oversight by its Institutional Review Board. The University of Connecticut made a similar determination.
12data access: the Dataverse, monthly; Google Sheets; a weekly compilationHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center9 claims · B1, B2, ML
  • F6 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s1 documented · field
    CCC data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse, for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others.
  • F17 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Download the Data documented · field
    Protest event data from CCC’s three phases — 2017-2020, 2021-2024, and 2025 to the present — can be downloaded from the project’s Dataverse.
  • F23 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where can I get the data?; How should I cite these data? documented · field
    The data and associated documentation are shared via the Harvard Dataverse … Please include a citation to the Crowd Counting Consortium such as: Crowd Counting Consortium, crowdcounting.org, accessed September 17, 2021.
  • F30 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶2 documented · field
    CCC records and shares its data in monthly Google Sheets, which you can find on the project’s View/Download the Data page .
  • F31 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶3 documented · field
    A compiled and augmented version of the complete dataset can be found in this GitHub repository , which is maintained by the Harvard Kennedy School’s Nonviolent Action Lab . We update that compiled version weekly, usually on Wednesdays.
  • F32 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶4 documented · field
    You can also explore the compiled data online using this interactive dashboard .
  • ML-12 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].coverage documented
    {"geography": "United States", "period": "2017 to the present, in three phases: 2017-2020, 2021-2024, 2025 to the present"}
  • ML-19 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].data_access documented
    public download from the Harvard Dataverse (dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/crowdcountingconsortium/), published monthly; a public submission form
  • ML-20 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].license documented
    not stated in the saved source (page footer: © Copyright 2026 The President and Fellows of Harvard College)
13scholarship and commentaryCounting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds4 claims · B1, B2, ML
  • F29 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, site header documented · field
    Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium
  • F15 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Advancing Scholarship documented · field
    Academics routinely turn to the CCC data to study protest, counter-protest, and state response. Articles and essays published by the CCC team since 2017 have collectively garnered more than 600 scholarly citations so far.
  • F7 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s2 documented · field
    The NVA Lab regularly publishes commentary and analysis pieces based on the CCC data, advancing both scholarly and public understandings of protest in the US.
  • ML-14 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].holdings documented
    protest event data in three phases, downloadable from the Harvard Dataverse … Israel/Palestine protest dashboards … more than 600 scholarly citations of the team's articles and essays since 2017
14counts: the record’s talliesX·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X8 claims · B1, B4, B6, ML
  • F44 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Aug 29, 2024 documented · field
    Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting.
  • F45 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Jul 3, 2020 documented · field
    Continuing to count as we close in on 5000 listings of antiracism protests.
  • F51 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Nov 28, 2023 documented · field
    Since October 7, the Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) has recorded nearly 2,300 U.S. protests, rallies, marches, caravans, demonstrations, vigils, banner drops, and direct actions in support of Palestine or Israel, with hundreds of thousands of total participants on different sides of this mass mobilization. … Nov 28, 2023
  • F26 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Oct 23, 2024 documented · field
    From 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, the Crowd Counting Consortium recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine protests and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests in the United States. … Oct 23, 2024
  • F27 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, May 30, 2024 documented · field
    Crowd Counting Consortium data show more than 3,700 days with pro-Palestinian protest activity at over 500 U.S. schools since October 7, 2023, including encampments at more than 130 of them.
  • F40 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Three Things the Pro-Palestine Movement Is Not' (May 10, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    Protest encampments have sprung up over the past few weeks on more than 100 college and university campuses across the country
  • F41 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'A15 Day of Action for Palestinian Liberation Delivers Intended Disruptions' (April 16, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    In the largest single day of deliberately disruptive protest activity in the United States since at least 2020, activists responded to the call for a global “coordinated economic blockade to free Palestine” with at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct actions in 23 different cities from coast to coast
  • ML-13 ML maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Crowd Counting Consortium (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/crowd-cou Lee Sharks (editor) · 2026-10-31 · census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].count['value'] documented
    not stated as a total in the saved source; a dated subset: nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests recorded from 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024
15uses: the record against prevailing narrativesHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center7 claims · B1
  • F8 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 1 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2017 Women’s March was the largest single-day demonstration in US history.
  • F9 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 2 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts were the broadest single day demonstration if U.S. history (occurring in over 4400 distinct locations).
  • F10 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 3 documented · field
    CCC data underlie an influential New York Times analysis demonstrating that, at that time, protests in 2020 following George Floyd’s murder constituted the largest and broadest mobilization in U.S. history.
  • F11 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 4 documented · field
    Relatedly, CCC data support the claim that the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising was overwhelmingly peaceful , especially relative to the heavy-handed police response.
  • F12 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 5 documented · field
    CCC data underpin an analysis of the 2023-2024 pro-Palestine protests, which were also generally peaceful , despite common narratives that the protests were violent.
  • F13 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    Most recently, the CCC data have been used to rebut the narrative that there is “no resistance” to the second Trump administration. Instead, the CCC data demonstrate higher degrees of protest throughout 2025 than in 2017, a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters, and an increasing number of protests (and protest participants) in counties where Trump won majorities in 2024.
  • F14 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    The CCC data also demonstrated that the No Kings protests in June and October of 2025 were among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history.
16the composition at the nameCAP11 claims · capture-registry
  • CAP-1-01 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, reading s2 documented
    Asked for the consortium, the Overview gives its founders, institutional home, scope and data.
  • CAP-1-02 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis s1 interpretation
    Faithful on founders, home and data.
  • CAP-1-08 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, per_note documented
    Founders and institutions named; the consortium's pages among the cards.
  • CAP-1-09 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, q_kind documented
    the census name; NEW address.
  • CAP-1-10 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, d documented
    Founders, home, scope, scale, data access. Six cards: Harvard, Counting Crowds (two), boB Rudis, Policy Commons, X.
  • CAP-1-11 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, originator.basis documented
    Not the archive's: an external resource, entered in the maryleelabor left-and-labor census on 2026-10-31
  • CAP-1-03 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis s2, first clause interpretation
    The composition puts 'nonviolent' first in a scope the consortium states without it
  • CAP-1-04 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis s2, second clause interpretation
    leaves out the verification and privacy rules that bound the record.
  • CAP-1-05 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, findings[0] interpretation
    THE SCOPE AT ITS GRAIN, WITH A NARROWING. 'Systematically logs public, nonviolent (and broader political) crowd events'. The consortium's page: 'We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States'; it does not restrict its count to nonviolent events.
  • CAP-1-06 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, findings[1] interpretation
    THE RULES NOT CARRIED. 'We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking.' and 'We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public' (the consortium's page).
  • CAP-1-07 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 (OBS-1d7507d26f51, AXN:0B5C.CAPTURE.🌌 Lee Sharks (the registry) · 2026-10-31 · crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, mt interpretation
    'CROWD COUNTING CONSORTIUM' ON THE OVERVIEW — THE CONSORTIUM AT ITS GRAIN; ITS VERIFICATION AND PRIVACY RULES NOT CARRIED
17reception: the encyclopediaWikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article)3 claims · B7
  • F48 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), rendered page notice documented · field
    Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name.
  • F49 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Crowd counting, External links documented · field
    [https://ash.harvard.edu/programs/crowd-counting-consortium Crowd Counting Consortium] of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]
  • F50 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Special:Search, results documented · field
    The five articles that mention the name: Erica Chenoweth; Crowd counting; Protests against Donald Trump; George Floyd protests; Gaza war protests in the United States.
AIO's transcript, a record · Crowd Counting Consortium · Google AI Overview (expanded) · 193 words · 6 cards
[Google AI Overview at the query, signed out and incognito (operator defaults of 2026-10-01 and 2026-10-14). The paste is the Overview expanded (the 'AI Mode Conversation' view).] The 'You said' line carries the query twice, run together, and is given once here. Inline links are Google redirect URLs, kept as pasted.

[QUERENT] Crowd Counting Consortium

[SYSTEM] The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint research project that tracks and collects public data on political protests, marches, rallies, strikes, and acts of civil disobedience across the United States. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScwHrOzAV8kN1TO5Yh85LFJ5h5lUSDPjWobOBjAFOTuPAzR_uI7KN5RCKDEf5TGgbWj1Q6x9wlVxIuZwAuPVpq55a45Gw9bZefOrq9uTif1jMmUgZNeBg5Pzv3HJrQpwQDxmeGXMnCjLBCagYorHv0yT63KQ), [2](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESiAEB6zswFfSlmKyGJ2KX4jWwoV7H-JEWtuTCb_lNCKVTi9i-apDFsUdB_5CzDINScyvirme01Asewc5KTfo0Wyp11QLqWX0P_vvsXhL3zYq9ClGSJ_Gr4fULuWpO2dWpMbthGl7dh0YkNDs29GTyLUpMZdS4gQovbDOfiSnpa5v46i_na_-wUIct)]
Key Details

* Leadership & Origin: Co-founded in 2017 by Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut) following the Women's March on Washington. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScwHrOzAV8kN1TO5Yh85LFJ5h5lUSDPjWobOBjAFOTuPAzR_uI7KN5RCKDEf5TGgbWj1Q6x9wlVxIuZwAuPVpq55a45Gw9bZefOrq9uTif1jMmUgZNeBg5Pzv3HJrQpwQDxmeGXMnCjLBCagYorHv0yT63KQ), [2](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESiAEB6zswFfSlmKyGJ2KX4jWwoV7H-JEWtuTCb_lNCKVTi9i-apDFsUdB_5CzDINScyvirme01Asewc5KTfo0Wyp11QLqWX0P_vvsXhL3zYq9ClGSJ_Gr4fULuWpO2dWpMbthGl7dh0YkNDs29GTyLUpMZdS4gQovbDOfiSnpa5v46i_na_-wUIct)]
* Institutional Home: Operated in partnership with the [Nonviolent Action Lab](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScwHrOzAV8kN1TO5Yh85LFJ5h5lUSDPjWobOBjAFOTuPAzR_uI7KN5RCKDEf5TGgbWj1Q6x9wlVxIuZwAuPVpq55a45Gw9bZefOrq9uTif1jMmUgZNeBg5Pzv3HJrQpwQDxmeGXMnCjLBCagYorHv0yT63KQ) at the Harvard Kennedy School’s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScwHrOzAV8kN1TO5Yh85LFJ5h5lUSDPjWobOBjAFOTuPAzR_uI7KN5RCKDEf5TGgbWj1Q6x9wlVxIuZwAuPVpq55a45Gw9bZefOrq9uTif1jMmUgZNeBg5Pzv3HJrQpwQDxmeGXMnCjLBCagYorHv0yT63KQ)]
* Scope: Systematically logs public, nonviolent (and broader political) crowd events across all U.S. states and territories with no minimum size requirement. This includes historic movements such as the 2017 Women's March, 2018 March for Our Lives, 2020 Black Lives Matter protests, campus encampments, and subsequent political demonstrations. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESWgHrOzAVg5LY1B-6Ws7G8oEkIf675mhVtLnEXZzHaVlGGGsQy13xQUyRQVbcpizUhMrRa47A6POift2AJm6_1IbXjnrBSxygc9Pc7O2jXwtR5b7gHFvDemT6RA), [2](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESaAHrOzAVQKxivcpf7Y7O0njXXE4Iw6Y5mvtzO9wGguOoMtJOujC4be_lw6BP7ROvkpr7REE35f0UktAY4letclLQ45SoKsXEP3lN19X0y9006CCu8C80WAEMICxgF4pwDp8B0A7OaZD6), [3](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScwHrOzAV8kN1TO5Yh85LFJ5h5lUSDPjWobOBjAFOTuPAzR_uI7KN5RCKDEf5TGgbWj1Q6x9wlVxIuZwAuPVpq55a45Gw9bZefOrq9uTif1jMmUgZNeBg5Pzv3HJrQpwQDxmeGXMnCjLBCagYorHv0yT63KQ)]
* Scale: The project has tracked hundreds of thousands of individual demonstrations and rallies across the U.S. since 2017. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESUwHrOzAVDuDllU3GNIjzsyj_WQCJzvKHG5lzfa4am5peE4Y2vq4yza3KuA09e4qz4rQMjdjGx9PzHQkOQkigaFrDve5YrIeZwb7DQS3BDzTSmQOf)]

Accessing the Data

* Monthly Data: Published regularly on Harvard Dataverse. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScwHrOzAV8kN1TO5Yh85LFJ5h5lUSDPjWobOBjAFOTuPAzR_uI7KN5RCKDEf5TGgbWj1Q6x9wlVxIuZwAuPVpq55a45Gw9bZefOrq9uTif1jMmUgZNeBg5Pzv3HJrQpwQDxmeGXMnCjLBCagYorHv0yT63KQ)]
* Weekly/Compiled Updates: A compiled and augmented version of the dataset is updated weekly on Wednesdays via the Nonviolent Action Lab GitHub Repository. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESWQHrOzAVXTIP9tfHF_0FOMCLBoCXrH3ye6nAmQSoMCR-cX3y5nqMPPdwbNedaRUjvciVGY64IK2wzkqsVbVs5F-kun9u-Zm1-3_8VtAKzkGUf2ZPXbx00zRF)]
* Interactive Tools: You can explore data visuals and project updates directly through the [Counting Crowds Website](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESWQHrOzAVXTIP9tfHF_0FOMCLBoCXrH3ye6nAmQSoMCR-cX3y5nqMPPdwbNedaRUjvciVGY64IK2wzkqsVbVs5F-kun9u-Zm1-3_8VtAKzkGUf2ZPXbx00zRF). [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESWQHrOzAVXTIP9tfHF_0FOMCLBoCXrH3ye6nAmQSoMCR-cX3y5nqMPPdwbNedaRUjvciVGY64IK2wzkqsVbVs5F-kun9u-Zm1-3_8VtAKzkGUf2ZPXbx00zRF)]

Harvard University
Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center
Project: Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) joint initiative of Harvard Kennedy School and University of Connecticut, part of Nonviolent Action Lab. Scope: Collect...
Counting Crowds
About - Counting Crowds
To learn more about the Crowd Counting Consortium, please visit our website. CCC records and shares its data in monthly Google Sheets, which you can find on the...
boB Rudis
Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data
Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data. The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a collaborative project between Harvard University and University...
Counting Crowds
crowdcounters – Counting Crowds
Overview: Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a scholarly project documenting U.S. political crowds, co-founded by Erica Chenoweth (Harvard) and Jeremy Pressman ...
Policy Commons
Crowd Counting Consortium - Policy Commons
The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC), a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, collects publicly available data on political ...
X·crowdcounting
Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X
Crowd Counting @crowdcounting Aug 29, 2024 Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting. Read more about the CCC here ash.har...

register entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031

the compression: AIO's interaction grammar (lede, headed clusters, bolded labels, card rail), composed from the v0.9 plan in one claim space; it faces on the card. Composed under v0.9, equal case (ρ = extends): KO_B sentences surviving 0 of 12; every field claim carried. composed 2026-10-31 from the v0.9 knowledge object; not frozen

Expansion · The field's ontology — L_F(B)12 sentences · every one sourced below

Crowd Counting Consortium

The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, a public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations (Ash Center page; Policy Commons card; Counting Crowds, 2021). It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, one of the project's two institutional pillars with UConn, co-directed by Erica Chenoweth and Jeremy Pressman, with Jay Ulfelder the Lab's program director (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds; X).

It emerged from Pressman and Chenoweth's effort to estimate the participants in the Women's March of 21 January 2017, its X account joining in February 2017, and has expanded to near-real-time information on American protest (Ash Center page; X). Its unit is political crowds, riots among them, with crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls excluded, and its goal aggregate crowd numbers for each event in the public interest (Ash Center FAQ). A third party's page describes a Harvard and UConn dataset of public, free and nonviolent events in all states and territories with no minimum size, virtual gatherings included, for January to May 2025, its text carrying a Claude interface string (boB Rudis).

It posts only records confirmed by fact-checking from publicly verifiable sources, shares no identifying information not already public, is not human subjects research by two universities' determinations, and has collaborated with Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X).

Its data are published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse in three phases since 2017, with a citation form naming crowdcounting.org; its blog has them in monthly Google Sheets, a weekly GitHub compilation and a dashboard (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).

It had tallied 200,000 protests and rallies by August 2024 and nearly 5,000 antiracism protests by July 2020, and recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from October 2023 to June 2024, with encampments at over 130 schools (X; Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).

Its data were used to show the Women's March, March for Our Lives, the 2020 protests and No Kings among the largest or broadest demonstrations, the 2020 uprising overwhelmingly peaceful and the pro-Palestine protests generally peaceful, and to rebut the narrative of no resistance in 2025 (Ash Center page). Academics use it to study protest, counter-protest and state response, with more than 600 citations, and the Lab's commentary runs to 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page).

Foundations and university centres fund it (Ash Center page). Wikipedia has no article on it; five articles mention it, and Crowd counting lists it among external links (Wikipedia).

Provenance — every sentence sourced12 sentences

12 sentences; 51 field claims, 0 archive claims. Modality is the source's own; the prose carries it in its grammar.

1.The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, a public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations (Ash Center page; Policy Commons card; Counting Crowds, 2021).4
  • F2 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience.
  • F1 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, header documented · field
    A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States.
  • F42 Policy Commons — Crowd Counting Consortium - Policy Commons, card snippet documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC), a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, collects publicly available data on political ...
  • F38 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Hello, World!' (Posted by crowdcounters February 9, 2021), excerpt documented · field
    Welcome to the blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium, a.k.a. CCC. CCC is a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States. CCC emerged in early 2017 from an improptu collaboration between Professors Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut)
2.It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, one of the project's two institutional pillars with UConn, co-directed by Erica Chenoweth and Jeremy Pressman, with Jay Ulfelder the Lab's program director (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds; X).4
  • F3 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, sidebar, Part of documented · field
    Part of Nonviolent Action Lab
  • F39 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Nonviolent Action Lab Podcast Launches' (May 6, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    The Nonviolent Action Lab at Harvard Kennedy School‘s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation—one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut
  • F43 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile bio documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman
  • F16 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Meet the Team; commentary of May 10, 2024 documented · field
    Erica Chenoweth … Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment … Jeremy Pressman … Senior Research Fellow, AY2025-2027 … Christopher Shay … Research Associate, Crowd Counting Consortium … Nonviolent Action Lab Program Director Jay Ulfelder
3.It emerged from Pressman and Chenoweth's effort to estimate the participants in the Women's March of 21 January 2017, its X account joining in February 2017, and has expanded to near-real-time information on American protest (Ash Center page; X).3
  • F4 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s1 documented · field
    The CCC first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington (and its affiliated sister marches nationwide) on January 21, 2017.
  • F47 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile documented · field
    crowdcounting.org … Joined February 2017
  • F5 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s2 documented · field
    Since then, the project has expanded to provide near-real-time information on trends in the occurrence, themes, and scale of American protest activity.
4.Its unit is political crowds, riots among them, with crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls excluded, and its goal aggregate crowd numbers for each event in the public interest (Ash Center FAQ).2
  • F20 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What kind of actions are you collecting? documented · field
    We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions. We do not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers, or town halls.
  • F21 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What do you intend to do with these data? documented · field
    Our goal is to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event. We are collecting this data in the public interest and to further scholarly research.
5.A third party's page describes a Harvard and UConn dataset of public, free and nonviolent events in all states and territories with no minimum size, virtual gatherings included, for January to May 2025, its text carrying a Claude interface string (boB Rudis).5
  • F33 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a collaborative project between Harvard University and University of Connecticut that has systematically collected data on political protest events across the United States since January 2017. The dataset encompasses rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience that articulate grievances against or express support for political targets.
  • F34 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s1–2 documented · field
    The dataset includes events that are open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons). Coverage extends to all U.S. states and territories, with no minimum crowd size requirement.
  • F35 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s3–4 documented · field
    Virtual gatherings are included alongside physical events, reflecting the evolution of collective action especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluded are activities like paid fundraisers, workshops, campaign events closed to the public, and routine government meetings unless deliberately disrupted by protesters.
  • F36 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2, end documented · field
    RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.
  • F37 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶3–4 documented · field
    Current dataset includes data from January 2025 to May 2025 . … View the project source on Codeberg .
6.It posts only records confirmed by fact-checking from publicly verifiable sources, shares no identifying information not already public, is not human subjects research by two universities' determinations, and has collaborated with Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X).5
  • F18 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking. When you submit a record, be sure to provide a source that is publicly verifiable
  • F19 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain.
  • F22 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Human Research Subject boards documented · field
    This is a public-interest project. The University of Denver’s Office of Research Integrity and Education determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research and therefore does not require further review or oversight by its Institutional Review Board. The University of Connecticut made a similar determination.
  • F25 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, last paragraph documented · field
    We have collaborated with countlove.org , a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis.
  • F46 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Apr 9, 2022 documented · field
    Our latest, in cooperation with @CountLoveOrg
7.Its data are published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse in three phases since 2017, with a citation form naming crowdcounting.org; its blog has them in monthly Google Sheets, a weekly GitHub compilation and a dashboard (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).7
  • F6 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s1 documented · field
    CCC data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse, for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others.
  • F17 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Download the Data documented · field
    Protest event data from CCC’s three phases — 2017-2020, 2021-2024, and 2025 to the present — can be downloaded from the project’s Dataverse.
  • F23 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where can I get the data?; How should I cite these data? documented · field
    The data and associated documentation are shared via the Harvard Dataverse … Please include a citation to the Crowd Counting Consortium such as: Crowd Counting Consortium, crowdcounting.org, accessed September 17, 2021.
  • F29 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, site header documented · field
    Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium
  • F30 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶2 documented · field
    CCC records and shares its data in monthly Google Sheets, which you can find on the project’s View/Download the Data page .
  • F31 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶3 documented · field
    A compiled and augmented version of the complete dataset can be found in this GitHub repository , which is maintained by the Harvard Kennedy School’s Nonviolent Action Lab . We update that compiled version weekly, usually on Wednesdays.
  • F32 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶4 documented · field
    You can also explore the compiled data online using this interactive dashboard .
8.It had tallied 200,000 protests and rallies by August 2024 and nearly 5,000 antiracism protests by July 2020, and recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from October 2023 to June 2024, with encampments at over 130 schools (X; Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).7
  • F44 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Aug 29, 2024 documented · field
    Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting.
  • F45 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Jul 3, 2020 documented · field
    Continuing to count as we close in on 5000 listings of antiracism protests.
  • F51 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Nov 28, 2023 documented · field
    Since October 7, the Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) has recorded nearly 2,300 U.S. protests, rallies, marches, caravans, demonstrations, vigils, banner drops, and direct actions in support of Palestine or Israel, with hundreds of thousands of total participants on different sides of this mass mobilization. … Nov 28, 2023
  • F26 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Oct 23, 2024 documented · field
    From 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, the Crowd Counting Consortium recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine protests and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests in the United States. … Oct 23, 2024
  • F27 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, May 30, 2024 documented · field
    Crowd Counting Consortium data show more than 3,700 days with pro-Palestinian protest activity at over 500 U.S. schools since October 7, 2023, including encampments at more than 130 of them.
  • F40 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Three Things the Pro-Palestine Movement Is Not' (May 10, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    Protest encampments have sprung up over the past few weeks on more than 100 college and university campuses across the country
  • F41 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'A15 Day of Action for Palestinian Liberation Delivers Intended Disruptions' (April 16, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    In the largest single day of deliberately disruptive protest activity in the United States since at least 2020, activists responded to the call for a global “coordinated economic blockade to free Palestine” with at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct actions in 23 different cities from coast to coast
9.Its data were used to show the Women's March, March for Our Lives, the 2020 protests and No Kings among the largest or broadest demonstrations, the 2020 uprising overwhelmingly peaceful and the pro-Palestine protests generally peaceful, and to rebut the narrative of no resistance in 2025 (Ash Center page).7
  • F8 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 1 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2017 Women’s March was the largest single-day demonstration in US history.
  • F9 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 2 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts were the broadest single day demonstration if U.S. history (occurring in over 4400 distinct locations).
  • F10 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 3 documented · field
    CCC data underlie an influential New York Times analysis demonstrating that, at that time, protests in 2020 following George Floyd’s murder constituted the largest and broadest mobilization in U.S. history.
  • F11 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 4 documented · field
    Relatedly, CCC data support the claim that the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising was overwhelmingly peaceful , especially relative to the heavy-handed police response.
  • F12 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 5 documented · field
    CCC data underpin an analysis of the 2023-2024 pro-Palestine protests, which were also generally peaceful , despite common narratives that the protests were violent.
  • F13 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    Most recently, the CCC data have been used to rebut the narrative that there is “no resistance” to the second Trump administration. Instead, the CCC data demonstrate higher degrees of protest throughout 2025 than in 2017, a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters, and an increasing number of protests (and protest participants) in counties where Trump won majorities in 2024.
  • F14 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    The CCC data also demonstrated that the No Kings protests in June and October of 2025 were among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history.
10.Academics use it to study protest, counter-protest and state response, with more than 600 citations, and the Lab's commentary runs to 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page).3
  • F15 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Advancing Scholarship documented · field
    Academics routinely turn to the CCC data to study protest, counter-protest, and state response. Articles and essays published by the CCC team since 2017 have collectively garnered more than 600 scholarly citations so far.
  • F7 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s2 documented · field
    The NVA Lab regularly publishes commentary and analysis pieces based on the CCC data, advancing both scholarly and public understandings of protest in the US.
  • F28 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Aug 15, 2025 (the latest listed) documented · field
    New data shows No Kings was one of the largest days of protest in US history … Aug 15, 2025
11.Foundations and university centres fund it (Ash Center page).1
  • F24 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where does your funding come from? documented · field
    Funding is made possible in part by the Freedom Together Foundation, New Venture Fund, Humanity United, the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation … Previously, we received support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York
12.Wikipedia has no article on it; five articles mention it, and Crowd counting lists it among external links (Wikipedia).3
  • F48 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), rendered page notice documented · field
    Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name.
  • F49 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Crowd counting, External links documented · field
    [https://ash.harvard.edu/programs/crowd-counting-consortium Crowd Counting Consortium] of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]
  • F50 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Special:Search, results documented · field
    The five articles that mention the name: Erica Chenoweth; Crowd counting; Protests against Donald Trump; George Floyd protests; Gaza war protests in the United States.
Compression · The field's ontology — L_F(B)Crowd Counting Consortium

Crowd Counting Consortium is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, begun in 2017 to count the Women's March (Ash Center page).

🗂️ What it counts

  • Crowds: marches, protests, demonstrations, riots; no meetings or town halls (FAQ).1↘
    Its unit is political crowds, riots among them, with crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls excluded, and its goal aggregate crowd numbers for each event in the public interest (Ash Center FAQ).§4
  • Third party: nonviolent public events, no minimum size, a Claude string in the page (boB Rudis).1↘
    A third party's page describes a Harvard and UConn dataset of public, free and nonviolent events in all states and territories with no minimum size, virtual gatherings included, for January to May 2025, its text carrying a Claude interface string (boB Rudis).§5
  • Counts: 200,000 by August 2024 (X).1↘
    It had tallied 200,000 protests and rallies by August 2024 and nearly 5,000 antiracism protests by July 2020, and recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from October 2023 to June 2024, with encampments at over 130 schools (X; Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).§8

✅ Rules

  • Verified: fact-checked records only; Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X).1↘
    It posts only records confirmed by fact-checking from publicly verifiable sources, shares no identifying information not already public, is not human subjects research by two universities' determinations, and has collaborated with Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X).§6
  • Private: no identifying information not already public; not human subjects research (Ash Center page).1↘
    It posts only records confirmed by fact-checking from publicly verifiable sources, shares no identifying information not already public, is not human subjects research by two universities' determinations, and has collaborated with Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X).§6

📂 Data and uses

  • Dataverse: monthly, three phases; Google Sheets, weekly GitHub (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).1↘
    Its data are published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse in three phases since 2017, with a citation form naming crowdcounting.org; its blog has them in monthly Google Sheets, a weekly GitHub compilation and a dashboard (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds).§7
  • Uses: the largest demonstrations, the peaceful 2020 uprising, "no resistance" rebutted; 600+ citations (Ash Center page).2↘
    Its data were used to show the Women's March, March for Our Lives, the 2020 protests and No Kings among the largest or broadest demonstrations, the 2020 uprising overwhelmingly peaceful and the pro-Palestine protests generally peaceful, and to rebut the narrative of no resistance in 2025 (Ash Center page).§9 Academics use it to study protest, counter-protest and state response, with more than 600 citations, and the Lab's commentary runs to 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page).§10
  • Home: the Nonviolent Action Lab; co-directed by Chenoweth and Pressman; foundation-funded; no Wikipedia article (X; Ash Center page; Wikipedia).4↘
    It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, one of the project's two institutional pillars with UConn, co-directed by Erica Chenoweth and Jeremy Pressman, with Jay Ulfelder the Lab's program director (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds; X).§2 It emerged from Pressman and Chenoweth's effort to estimate the participants in the Women's March of 21 January 2017, its X account joining in February 2017, and has expanded to near-real-time information on American protest (Ash Center page; X).§3 Foundations and university centres fund it (Ash Center page).§11 Wikipedia has no article on it; five articles mention it, and Crowd counting lists it among external links (Wikipedia).§12
1what it is: a public interest and scholarly project documenting protest in the United StatesCounting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds7 claims · B1, B3, B4, B5
  • F2 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience.
  • F1 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, header documented · field
    A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States.
  • F42 Policy Commons — Crowd Counting Consortium - Policy Commons, card snippet documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC), a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, collects publicly available data on political ...
  • F38 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Hello, World!' (Posted by crowdcounters February 9, 2021), excerpt documented · field
    Welcome to the blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium, a.k.a. CCC. CCC is a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States. CCC emerged in early 2017 from an improptu collaboration between Professors Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut)
  • F33 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶1 documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a collaborative project between Harvard University and University of Connecticut that has systematically collected data on political protest events across the United States since January 2017. The dataset encompasses rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience that articulate grievances against or express support for political targets.
  • F21 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What do you intend to do with these data? documented · field
    Our goal is to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event. We are collecting this data in the public interest and to further scholarly research.
  • F5 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s2 documented · field
    Since then, the project has expanded to provide near-real-time information on trends in the occurrence, themes, and scale of American protest activity.
2origin and founders: the Women’s March of 21 January 2017Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center2 claims · B1, B6
  • F4 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶2 s1 documented · field
    The CCC first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington (and its affiliated sister marches nationwide) on January 21, 2017.
  • F47 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile documented · field
    crowdcounting.org … Joined February 2017
3operator and institutional home: Harvard Kennedy School, UConn, the Nonviolent Action LabCounting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds4 claims · B1, B4, B6
  • F3 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, sidebar, Part of documented · field
    Part of Nonviolent Action Lab
  • F39 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Nonviolent Action Lab Podcast Launches' (May 6, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    The Nonviolent Action Lab at Harvard Kennedy School‘s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation—one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut
  • F43 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, profile bio documented · field
    The Crowd Counting Consortium is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman
  • F16 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Meet the Team; commentary of May 10, 2024 documented · field
    Erica Chenoweth … Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment … Jeremy Pressman … Senior Research Fellow, AY2025-2027 … Christopher Shay … Research Associate, Crowd Counting Consortium … Nonviolent Action Lab Program Director Jay Ulfelder
4fundingHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center1 claim · B1
  • F24 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where does your funding come from? documented · field
    Funding is made possible in part by the Freedom Together Foundation, New Venture Fund, Humanity United, the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation … Previously, we received support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York
5the unit: what counts as a political crowdHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center3 claims · B1, B3
  • F20 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, What kind of actions are you collecting? documented · field
    We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions. We do not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers, or town halls.
  • F34 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s1–2 documented · field
    The dataset includes events that are open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons). Coverage extends to all U.S. states and territories, with no minimum crowd size requirement.
  • F35 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2 s3–4 documented · field
    Virtual gatherings are included alongside physical events, reflecting the evolution of collective action especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluded are activities like paid fundraisers, workshops, campaign events closed to the public, and routine government meetings unless deliberately disrupted by protesters.
6a third-party page carrying a model’s interface stringboB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data1 claim · B3
  • F36 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶2, end documented · field
    RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.
7versions and datesHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center2 claims · B1, B3
  • F37 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data, ¶3–4 documented · field
    Current dataset includes data from January 2025 to May 2025 . … View the project source on Codeberg .
  • F28 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Aug 15, 2025 (the latest listed) documented · field
    New data shows No Kings was one of the largest days of protest in US history … Aug 15, 2025
8method: public reports, verified submissions, a webcrawlerX·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X2 claims · B1, B6
  • F25 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, last paragraph documented · field
    We have collaborated with countlove.org , a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis.
  • F46 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Apr 9, 2022 documented · field
    Our latest, in cooperation with @CountLoveOrg
9verification and privacy: the rules that bound the recordHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center3 claims · B1
  • F18 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking. When you submit a record, be sure to provide a source that is publicly verifiable
  • F19 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Submit a Record documented · field
    We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain.
  • F22 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Human Research Subject boards documented · field
    This is a public-interest project. The University of Denver’s Office of Research Integrity and Education determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research and therefore does not require further review or oversight by its Institutional Review Board. The University of Connecticut made a similar determination.
10data access: the Dataverse, monthly; Google Sheets; a weekly compilationHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center6 claims · B1, B2
  • F6 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s1 documented · field
    CCC data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse, for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others.
  • F17 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Download the Data documented · field
    Protest event data from CCC’s three phases — 2017-2020, 2021-2024, and 2025 to the present — can be downloaded from the project’s Dataverse.
  • F23 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, FAQ, Where can I get the data?; How should I cite these data? documented · field
    The data and associated documentation are shared via the Harvard Dataverse … Please include a citation to the Crowd Counting Consortium such as: Crowd Counting Consortium, crowdcounting.org, accessed September 17, 2021.
  • F30 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶2 documented · field
    CCC records and shares its data in monthly Google Sheets, which you can find on the project’s View/Download the Data page .
  • F31 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶3 documented · field
    A compiled and augmented version of the complete dataset can be found in this GitHub repository , which is maintained by the Harvard Kennedy School’s Nonviolent Action Lab . We update that compiled version weekly, usually on Wednesdays.
  • F32 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, About ¶4 documented · field
    You can also explore the compiled data online using this interactive dashboard .
11scholarship and commentaryCounting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds3 claims · B1, B2
  • F29 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds, site header documented · field
    Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium
  • F15 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Advancing Scholarship documented · field
    Academics routinely turn to the CCC data to study protest, counter-protest, and state response. Articles and essays published by the CCC team since 2017 have collectively garnered more than 600 scholarly citations so far.
  • F7 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, ¶3 s2 documented · field
    The NVA Lab regularly publishes commentary and analysis pieces based on the CCC data, advancing both scholarly and public understandings of protest in the US.
12counts: the record’s talliesX·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X7 claims · B1, B4, B6
  • F44 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Aug 29, 2024 documented · field
    Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting.
  • F45 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X, post of Jul 3, 2020 documented · field
    Continuing to count as we close in on 5000 listings of antiracism protests.
  • F51 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Nov 28, 2023 documented · field
    Since October 7, the Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) has recorded nearly 2,300 U.S. protests, rallies, marches, caravans, demonstrations, vigils, banner drops, and direct actions in support of Palestine or Israel, with hundreds of thousands of total participants on different sides of this mass mobilization. … Nov 28, 2023
  • F26 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, Oct 23, 2024 documented · field
    From 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, the Crowd Counting Consortium recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine protests and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests in the United States. … Oct 23, 2024
  • F27 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, commentary list, May 30, 2024 documented · field
    Crowd Counting Consortium data show more than 3,700 days with pro-Palestinian protest activity at over 500 U.S. schools since October 7, 2023, including encampments at more than 130 of them.
  • F40 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'Three Things the Pro-Palestine Movement Is Not' (May 10, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    Protest encampments have sprung up over the past few weeks on more than 100 college and university campuses across the country
  • F41 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds, post 'A15 Day of Action for Palestinian Liberation Delivers Intended Disruptions' (April 16, 2024), excerpt documented · field
    In the largest single day of deliberately disruptive protest activity in the United States since at least 2020, activists responded to the call for a global “coordinated economic blockade to free Palestine” with at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct actions in 23 different cities from coast to coast
13uses: the record against prevailing narrativesHarvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center7 claims · B1
  • F8 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 1 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2017 Women’s March was the largest single-day demonstration in US history.
  • F9 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 2 documented · field
    CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts were the broadest single day demonstration if U.S. history (occurring in over 4400 distinct locations).
  • F10 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 3 documented · field
    CCC data underlie an influential New York Times analysis demonstrating that, at that time, protests in 2020 following George Floyd’s murder constituted the largest and broadest mobilization in U.S. history.
  • F11 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 4 documented · field
    Relatedly, CCC data support the claim that the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising was overwhelmingly peaceful , especially relative to the heavy-handed police response.
  • F12 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 5 documented · field
    CCC data underpin an analysis of the 2023-2024 pro-Palestine protests, which were also generally peaceful , despite common narratives that the protests were violent.
  • F13 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    Most recently, the CCC data have been used to rebut the narrative that there is “no resistance” to the second Trump administration. Instead, the CCC data demonstrate higher degrees of protest throughout 2025 than in 2017, a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters, and an increasing number of protests (and protest participants) in counties where Trump won majorities in 2024.
  • F14 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center, Informing the Public, item 6 documented · field
    The CCC data also demonstrated that the No Kings protests in June and October of 2025 were among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history.
14reception: the encyclopediaWikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article)3 claims · B7
  • F48 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), rendered page notice documented · field
    Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name.
  • F49 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Crowd counting, External links documented · field
    [https://ash.harvard.edu/programs/crowd-counting-consortium Crowd Counting Consortium] of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]
  • F50 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article), Special:Search, results documented · field
    The five articles that mention the name: Erica Chenoweth; Crowd counting; Protests against Donald Trump; George Floyd protests; Gaza war protests in the United States.

popup — the compression from the field ledger alone (cards, own pages, Wikipedia). the field's entity: the university project publishing a dataset of US protest events, as its own page, its blog, its X account, a third party's page and Wikipedia give it composed 2026-10-31 from the field ledger alone; not frozen

Form ledger — AIO against both arms, at both levels
AIO (T)L_F compressionL_F expansionL_A compressionL_A expansion
body words1931484433061838
distinct claims851519393
claims per 100 words4.134.511.530.45.1
field claims carried (of 51)—51515151
archive claims0004242
rail6 documents14 lineagesper sentence17 lineagesper sentence
modality shown innonetypographygrammartypographygrammar

Computed from the row at build: words counted in the text; claims from the ledger ids each line or sentence carries. T's claims are the worked example's T1–T9.

The objects

Tthe transcript193 words · 6 cards

register entry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031 OBS-1d7507d26f51 · file as first run sha256 8dc7b14b4e6c31ca…

  • T1-1 definition: 'a joint research project that tracks and collects public data on political protests, marches, rallies, strikes, and acts of civil disobedience across the United States.' (two markers)
  • T1-2 leadership & origin: 'Co-founded in 2017 by Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut) following the Women's March on Washington.' (two markers)
  • T1-3 institutional home: 'Operated in partnership with the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Harvard Kennedy School’s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation.' (one marker)
  • T1-4 scope: 'Systematically logs public, nonviolent (and broader political) crowd events across all U.S. states and territories with no minimum size requirement. This includes historic movements such as the 2017 Women's March, 2018 March for Our Lives, 2020 Black Lives Matter protests, campus encampments, and subsequent political demonstrations.' (three markers)
  • T1-5 scale: 'The project has tracked hundreds of thousands of individual demonstrations and rallies across the U.S. since 2017.' (one marker)
  • T1-6 monthly data: 'Published regularly on Harvard Dataverse.' (one marker)
  • T1-7 weekly updates: 'A compiled and augmented version of the dataset is updated weekly on Wednesdays via the Nonviolent Action Lab GitHub Repository.' (one marker)
  • T1-8 interactive tools: 'You can explore data visuals and project updates directly through the Counting Crowds Website.' (one marker)
Bthe disclosed field7 sources
  • B1 Harvard University — Crowd Counting Consortium – Ash Center card; B1-refetch.html sha256 2837906be77ea4ef, HTTP 200 at 2026-10-31T22:58:49Z; B1.html the census copy crowd-counting-consortium--home (sha256 bd7b38580b7baa3e), text identical
  • B2 Counting Crowds — About - Counting Crowds card; B2.html sha256 be076d67b1488910, HTTP 200 at 2026-10-31T22:58:49Z
  • B3 boB Rudis — Crowd Counting Consortium 2025 U.S. Protest Event Data card; B3.html sha256 c8f7088d06b5055f, HTTP 200 at 2026-10-31T22:58:50Z
  • B4 Counting Crowds — crowdcounters – Counting Crowds card; B4.html sha256 d9a2fe6edc796efd, HTTP 200 at 2026-10-31T22:58:51Z
  • B5 Policy Commons — Crowd Counting Consortium - Policy Commons unreachable: https://policycommons.net/orgs/crowd-counting-consortium/ HTTP 403 (bot check); URL undetermined; card title and snippet only
  • B6 X·crowdcounting — Crowd Counting (@crowdcounting) / X card; B6.html sha256 5e56ffb881defc7a, HTTP 200 at 2026-10-31T22:58:52Z
  • B7 Wikipedia — Crowd Counting Consortium (no article) no article: raw wikitext HTTP 404, rendered page HTTP 404; full-text search HTTP 200 (five articles mention the name); Crowd counting raw HTTP 200
Ethe two entities and their relationρ = extends · equal case

E_A, the archive's entity: the same project, in the maryleelabor census record, the census's anchor and the capture record: a public interest and scholarly project publishing an event dataset, in the census's area of labor action and tagged 'NOT a labor dataset', whose unit is a political protest event reported in the United States with crowd numbers; whose record keeps political crowds (occurrence, themes and scale, as reported or submitted with a verifiable source), held by a university project funded by foundations and university centres; whose losing side is not recorded, the positions argued inside a movement left unanswered; read by the census as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, which keeps the crowd and leaves the movement's internal argument unrecorded; under the question #1725 draws from the survival of a losing position through organ, holder and route, with #1725's limit that no cross-organization dataset of left splits was found; and whose composition at its own name is faithful on founders, home and data, puts 'nonviolent' first and leaves out the verification and privacy rules (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31) ML-01 ML-04 ML-06 ML-08 ML-09 ML-10 ML-17 ML-18 ML-23 ML-25 ML-28 O1725-01 O1725-02 CAP-1-02 CAP-1-03 CAP-1-04; defining papers #1725

E_F, the field's entity (type C — a conventional reading holds it (public entity: a university project publishing a dataset of US protest events)): the joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, that emerged from Jeremy Pressman and Erica Chenoweth's effort to estimate the participants in the Women's March of 21 January 2017 and collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States (rallies, marches, demonstrations, riots and acts of civil disobedience; crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls excluded), posting only records confirmed through fact-checking and sharing no identifying information not already public, with aggregate crowd numbers for each event published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse in three phases since 2017 (and, on its blog, in monthly Google Sheets and a weekly compilation on GitHub); co-directed by Chenoweth and Pressman; 200,000 protests and rallies tallied by August 2024; its data used to show the size and the nonviolence of named mobilizations; described by a third party's page, whose text carries a model's interface string, as a dataset of nonviolent public events; with no Wikipedia article

ρ = extends: The archive reads the Crowd Counting Consortium as its own page presents it and adds, on the field's own object: the census's question of whose record it keeps, who holds it and whether the losing side is kept; the answer that it keeps the crowd and records nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements it counts, and so answers neither labor action as such nor which tendency organized an event; the census's reading of it as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts; #1725's conditions for a losing position's survival and its stated limit that no dataset of left splits was found; and the composition layer's narrowing of its scope and omission of its rules at its name. ML-25 ML-10 ML-17 ML-18 ML-23 O1725-02 O1725-01 CAP-1-03 CAP-1-04. Guard: ρ = extends claims an addition and no more (§1.2a). It does not make the field's sources wrong at their dates. Where an archive claim stands against a field claim (CAP-1-03 and CAP-1-05 against F34, the third party's 'nonviolent'; ML-13, no total stated, beside F44, the X account's 200,000), both are composed under P_coh within the one ontology. #1725's claims are claims on the records of the left and its movements, the class into which the census enters the consortium, never on the entity by the composer's judgment.

The case: equal terms, ontology included (v0.9). The archive reads the field's entity as the entity. The maryleelabor census describes the Crowd Counting Consortium from its own page, each field with its basis ('operator'), and answers for it the census's question of whose record it keeps, who holds it and whether it keeps the losing side in a form that could be taken up later; its one reading of its own, ml_reading, takes the dataset as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, which keeps the crowd and leaves the movement's internal argument unrecorded. The census's anchor, #1725, supplies the question's terms (organ, holder, route; the losing position) and states that no cross-organization dataset of left splits was found; it does not name the entity, and the census enters the entity under its question. The capture record checks the composition against the consortium's page. No other deposit names the entity or says anything of protest event data or of nonviolent action as a class (D 0, R 0; three class matches read and rejected; the hop from #1725 rejected). No defining paper or record contests the field's ontology of the entity or supplies one the field lacks: the archive adds the census's question and its answer on the field's own object (a dataset of political crowds that keeps no record of the positions argued inside the movements it counts) and the composition layer's account at the name. ρ = extends, the equal-terms case (§0.9, §1.2a).

#ML census.json organizing_question: Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?

#ML census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].record['losing_side']: not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted

#ML census.json rows[slug == 'crowd-counting-consortium'].ml_reading: none stated. The archive reads the dataset as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives (that the 2020 uprising was violent; that there was 'no resistance' in 2025). It keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded.

#1725 Conclusion, ¶1 (line 369): The decisive variable in the record is what happens to the losing position after the decision. The amount of conflict matters far less. Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender.

#1725 § What the evidence says against the hypothesis, closing paragraph (line 91): One caution applies to the whole sample. The research collected notable conflicts, and no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period. The pattern is strong across the cases examined. Its frequency across the left as a whole is unmeasured.

#capture-registry crowd-counting-consortium-aio-20261031, analysis: Faithful on founders, home and data. The composition puts 'nonviolent' first in a scope the consortium states without it, and leaves out the verification and privacy rules that bound the record.

τthe translation: every field claim carried, beside its statement in the archive's ontology51 field claims · 14 rows
field claimsreceivedreceiving texttranslationarchive
F1, F2, F5, F21, F33, F38, F42F1 (B1, header): "A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States."; F2 (B1, ¶1): "The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience."; F5 (B1, ¶2 s2): "Since then, the project has expanded to provide near-real-time information on trends in the occurrence, themes, and scale of American protest activity."; F21 (B1, FAQ, What do you intend to do with these data?): "Our goal is to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event. We are collecting this data in the public interest and to further scholarly research."; F33 (B3, ¶1): "The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a collaborative project between Harvard University and University of Connecticut that has systematically collected data on political protest events across the United States since January 2017. The dataset encompasses rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience that articulate grievances against or express support for political targets."; F38 (B4, post 'Hello, World!' (Posted by crowdcounters February 9, 2021), excerpt): "Welcome to the blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium, a.k.a. CCC. CCC is a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States. CCC emerged in early 2017 from an improptu collaboration between Professors Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut)"; F42 (B5, card snippet): "The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC), a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut, collects publicly available data on political ..."—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-01, ML-03ML-01, ML-03
F4, F47F4 (B1, ¶2 s1): "The CCC first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington (and its affiliated sister marches nationwide) on January 21, 2017."; F47 (B6, profile): "crowdcounting.org … Joined February 2017"—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-27ML-27
F3, F16, F39, F43F3 (B1, sidebar, Part of): "Part of Nonviolent Action Lab"; F16 (B1, Meet the Team; commentary of May 10, 2024): "Erica Chenoweth … Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment … Jeremy Pressman … Senior Research Fellow, AY2025-2027 … Christopher Shay … Research Associate, Crowd Counting Consortium … Nonviolent Action Lab Program Director Jay Ulfelder"; F39 (B4, post 'Nonviolent Action Lab Podcast Launches' (May 6, 2024), excerpt): "The Nonviolent Action Lab at Harvard Kennedy School‘s Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation—one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut"; F43 (B6, profile bio): "The Crowd Counting Consortium is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman"—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-02ML-02
F24F24 (B1, FAQ, Where does your funding come from?): "Funding is made possible in part by the Freedom Together Foundation, New Venture Fund, Humanity United, the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation … Previously, we received support from the Carnegie Corporation of New York"—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-09ML-09
F20, F34, F35F20 (B1, FAQ, What kind of actions are you collecting?): "We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions. We do not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers, or town halls."; F34 (B3, ¶2 s1–2): "The dataset includes events that are open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons). Coverage extends to all U.S. states and territories, with no minimum crowd size requirement."; F35 (B3, ¶2 s3–4): "Virtual gatherings are included alongside physical events, reflecting the evolution of collective action especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excluded are activities like paid fundraisers, workshops, campaign events closed to the public, and routine government meetings unless deliberately disrupted by protesters."—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-06, ML-07ML-06, ML-07
F36F36 (B3, ¶2, end): "RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses."—untranslated: composed as received beside no archive claim
F28, F37F28 (B1, commentary list, Aug 15, 2025 (the latest listed)): "New data shows No Kings was one of the largest days of protest in US history … Aug 15, 2025"; F37 (B3, ¶3–4): "Current dataset includes data from January 2025 to May 2025 . … View the project source on Codeberg ."—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-21, ML-22ML-21, ML-22
F25, F46F25 (B1, FAQ, last paragraph): "We have collaborated with countlove.org , a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis."; F46 (B6, post of Apr 9, 2022): "Our latest, in cooperation with @CountLoveOrg"—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-11ML-11
F18, F19, F22F18 (B1, Submit a Record): "We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking. When you submit a record, be sure to provide a source that is publicly verifiable"; F19 (B1, Submit a Record): "We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain."; F22 (B1, FAQ, Human Research Subject boards): "This is a public-interest project. The University of Denver’s Office of Research Integrity and Education determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research and therefore does not require further review or oversight by its Institutional Review Board. The University of Connecticut made a similar determination."—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-15ML-15
F6, F17, F23, F30, F31, F32F6 (B1, ¶3 s1): "CCC data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse, for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others."; F17 (B1, Download the Data): "Protest event data from CCC’s three phases — 2017-2020, 2021-2024, and 2025 to the present — can be downloaded from the project’s Dataverse."; F23 (B1, FAQ, Where can I get the data?; How should I cite these data?): "The data and associated documentation are shared via the Harvard Dataverse … Please include a citation to the Crowd Counting Consortium such as: Crowd Counting Consortium, crowdcounting.org, accessed September 17, 2021."; F30 (B2, About ¶2): "CCC records and shares its data in monthly Google Sheets, which you can find on the project’s View/Download the Data page ."; F31 (B2, About ¶3): "A compiled and augmented version of the complete dataset can be found in this GitHub repository , which is maintained by the Harvard Kennedy School’s Nonviolent Action Lab . We update that compiled version weekly, usually on Wednesdays."; F32 (B2, About ¶4): "You can also explore the compiled data online using this interactive dashboard ."—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-12, ML-19, ML-20ML-12, ML-19, ML-20
F7, F15, F29F7 (B1, ¶3 s2): "The NVA Lab regularly publishes commentary and analysis pieces based on the CCC data, advancing both scholarly and public understandings of protest in the US."; F15 (B1, Advancing Scholarship): "Academics routinely turn to the CCC data to study protest, counter-protest, and state response. Articles and essays published by the CCC team since 2017 have collectively garnered more than 600 scholarly citations so far."; F29 (B2, site header): "Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium"—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-14ML-14
F26, F27, F40, F41, F44, F45, F51F26 (B1, commentary list, Oct 23, 2024): "From 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, the Crowd Counting Consortium recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine protests and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests in the United States. … Oct 23, 2024"; F27 (B1, commentary list, May 30, 2024): "Crowd Counting Consortium data show more than 3,700 days with pro-Palestinian protest activity at over 500 U.S. schools since October 7, 2023, including encampments at more than 130 of them."; F40 (B4, post 'Three Things the Pro-Palestine Movement Is Not' (May 10, 2024), excerpt): "Protest encampments have sprung up over the past few weeks on more than 100 college and university campuses across the country"; F41 (B4, post 'A15 Day of Action for Palestinian Liberation Delivers Intended Disruptions' (April 16, 2024), excerpt): "In the largest single day of deliberately disruptive protest activity in the United States since at least 2020, activists responded to the call for a global “coordinated economic blockade to free Palestine” with at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct actions in 23 different cities from coast to coast"; F44 (B6, post of Aug 29, 2024): "Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting."; F45 (B6, post of Jul 3, 2020): "Continuing to count as we close in on 5000 listings of antiracism protests."; F51 (B1, commentary list, Nov 28, 2023): "Since October 7, the Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) has recorded nearly 2,300 U.S. protests, rallies, marches, caravans, demonstrations, vigils, banner drops, and direct actions in support of Palestine or Israel, with hundreds of thousands of total participants on different sides of this mass mobilization. … Nov 28, 2023"—untranslated: composed as received beside ML-13ML-13
F8, F9, F10, F11, F12, F13, F14F8 (B1, Informing the Public, item 1): "CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2017 Women’s March was the largest single-day demonstration in US history."; F9 (B1, Informing the Public, item 2): "CCC data were used to demonstrate that, at that time, the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts were the broadest single day demonstration if U.S. history (occurring in over 4400 distinct locations)."; F10 (B1, Informing the Public, item 3): "CCC data underlie an influential New York Times analysis demonstrating that, at that time, protests in 2020 following George Floyd’s murder constituted the largest and broadest mobilization in U.S. history."; F11 (B1, Informing the Public, item 4): "Relatedly, CCC data support the claim that the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising was overwhelmingly peaceful , especially relative to the heavy-handed police response."; F12 (B1, Informing the Public, item 5): "CCC data underpin an analysis of the 2023-2024 pro-Palestine protests, which were also generally peaceful , despite common narratives that the protests were violent."; F13 (B1, Informing the Public, item 6): "Most recently, the CCC data have been used to rebut the narrative that there is “no resistance” to the second Trump administration. Instead, the CCC data demonstrate higher degrees of protest throughout 2025 than in 2017, a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters, and an increasing number of protests (and protest participants) in counties where Trump won majorities in 2024."; F14 (B1, Informing the Public, item 6): "The CCC data also demonstrated that the No Kings protests in June and October of 2025 were among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history."—untranslated: composed as received beside no archive claim
F48, F49, F50F48 (B7, rendered page notice): "Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name."; F49 (B7, Crowd counting, External links): "[https://ash.harvard.edu/programs/crowd-counting-consortium Crowd Counting Consortium] of the [[Harvard Kennedy School]]"; F50 (B7, Special:Search, results): "The five articles that mention the name: Erica Chenoweth; Crowd counting; Protests against Donald Trump; George Floyd protests; Gaza war protests in the United States."—untranslated: composed as received beside no archive claim

equal-terms case: every field claim composed as received, beside the archive claims it stands with. Reading the received column recovers the field (§5.9).

R7the measure0 of 12 survive

v0.9 §4.10: KO_B sentences surviving in the KO at similarity ≥ 0.95, with positions (computed as apply_v09.py does: difflib.SequenceMatcher ratio, the best KO sentence for each KO_B sentence): v0.9 0 of 12 (positions [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]; composed first under v0.9, so there is no v0.7 object to measure against). Opening-run check (§5.10): no breach.

L_F(B)recomposed from the disclosed field, in the field's ontology443 words

The Crowd Counting Consortium (CCC) is a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, a public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations (Ash Center page; Policy Commons card; Counting Crowds, 2021). It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, one of the project's two institutional pillars with UConn, co-directed by Erica Chenoweth and Jeremy Pressman, with Jay Ulfelder the Lab's program director (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds; X). It emerged from Pressman and Chenoweth's effort to estimate the participants in the Women's March of 21 January 2017, its X account joining in February 2017, and has expanded to near-real-time information on American protest (Ash Center page; X). Its unit is political crowds, riots among them, with crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls excluded, and its goal aggregate crowd numbers for each event in the public interest (Ash Center FAQ). A third party's page describes a Harvard and UConn dataset of public, free and nonviolent events in all states and territories with no minimum size, virtual gatherings included, for January to May 2025, its text carrying a Claude interface string (boB Rudis). It posts only records confirmed by fact-checking from publicly verifiable sources, shares no identifying information not already public, is not human subjects research by two universities' determinations, and has collaborated with Count Love's webcrawler (Ash Center page; X). Its data are published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse in three phases since 2017, with a citation form naming crowdcounting.org; its blog has them in monthly Google Sheets, a weekly GitHub compilation and a dashboard (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds). It had tallied 200,000 protests and rallies by August 2024 and nearly 5,000 antiracism protests by July 2020, and recorded nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from October 2023 to June 2024, with encampments at over 130 schools (X; Ash Center page; Counting Crowds). Its data were used to show the Women's March, March for Our Lives, the 2020 protests and No Kings among the largest or broadest demonstrations, the 2020 uprising overwhelmingly peaceful and the pro-Palestine protests generally peaceful, and to rebut the narrative of no resistance in 2025 (Ash Center page). Academics use it to study protest, counter-protest and state response, with more than 600 citations, and the Lab's commentary runs to 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page). Foundations and university centres fund it (Ash Center page). Wikipedia has no article on it; five articles mention it, and Crowd counting lists it among external links (Wikipedia).

L_A(B ∪ A)the field and the archive composed in the archive's ontology1838 words

The Crowd Counting Consortium calls itself "A public interest and scholarly project to document protests and demonstrations in the United States." (Ash Center page), and the maryleelabor census enters it, under the names CCC and crowdcounting.org, as a public interest and scholarly project documenting protests and demonstrations in the United States and publishing an event dataset (maryleelabor record). It is "a joint project of Harvard Kennedy School and the University of Connecticut that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience" (Ash Center page; Policy Commons card), and in its blog's first post, of 9 February 2021, "a public-interest and scholarly project that documents political crowds in public spaces in the United States" (Counting Crowds); a third party's page on its 2025 data restates it as a Harvard and UConn project that has collected such data since January 2017, on events that "articulate grievances against or express support for political targets" (boB Rudis). The census asks of it, as of every resource it enters, "Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?", answers in three fields it defines as whose record, who holds it and on what terms, and whether and how it keeps "minority positions, splits, expulsions and dissent", and places it in its area of labor action, "strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described" (maryleelabor record). The question comes from the census's anchor, #1725, which found that "Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender" (#1725; maryleelabor record). It "first emerged from a collaborative effort by Jeremy Pressman (UConn) and Erica Chenoweth (HKS) to estimate the number of participants in the Women’s March on Washington" on 21 January 2017, and has since expanded to near-real-time information on the occurrence, themes and scale of American protest (Ash Center page); its X account, linking crowdcounting.org, joined in February 2017, and the census dates its founding to 2017 (X; maryleelabor record). It is part of the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Ash Center, which its blog calls "one of the two institutional pillars of this project, along with the University of Connecticut" (Ash Center page; Counting Crowds, 6 May 2024); its X profile states that it "is co-directed by @ ericachenoweth and @ djpressman" (X), its page lists a team of Chenoweth, Frank Stanton Professor of the First Amendment, Pressman, Senior Research Fellow, and others, a research associate of the consortium among them, and names Jay Ulfelder as the Lab's program director (Ash Center page), and the census records the operator as the two schools' joint project, part of the Lab, begun by Pressman and Chenoweth (maryleelabor record). Its funding comes in part from foundations and university centres, the Freedom Together Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation among them, and earlier from the Carnegie Corporation of New York (Ash Center page), and the census names its holder "a university project (Harvard Kennedy School and UConn), funded by foundations and university centres; data published monthly on the Harvard Dataverse" (maryleelabor record). It collects "publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States, including marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions" and does not count crowds at meetings, teach-ins or academic workshops, panel discussions, fundraisers or town halls (Ash Center FAQ); the census's unit is "a political protest event reported in the United States, with crowd numbers", and its record object carries the same list, riots included, and the same exclusions (maryleelabor record). The third party's page states the scope differently at one point: the dataset includes events "open to the public, free of charge, and nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)", in all U.S. states and territories with no minimum crowd size, virtual gatherings included and paid fundraisers, workshops, closed campaign events and routine government meetings excluded unless disrupted (boB Rudis); the consortium's own list includes riots (Ash Center FAQ). That page's text carries, directly after its description of the dataset, the string "RetryClaude can make mistakes. Please double-check responses.", and states that its data run from January to May 2025, with its source on Codeberg (boB Rudis). Its goal is "to make the aggregate data on crowd numbers publicly available for each event", collected in the public interest and for scholarly research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census records what it keeps as "the record of political crowds in the United States: occurrence, themes and scale, as publicly reported or submitted with a verifiable source" (maryleelabor record). It has collaborated with countlove.org, "a volunteer group that developed a webcrawler to identify protests and demonstrations on a daily basis" (Ash Center page), a cooperation its X account marked in April 2022 (X), and the census calls its method news-derived event coding from public reports, verified public submissions and that webcrawler (maryleelabor record). "We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking", a submission must carry "a source that is publicly verifiable", and "We will never post, release, or share identifying information that has not already been reported in the public domain." (Ash Center page); the University of Denver and the University of Connecticut determined that the project does not qualify as human subjects research (Ash Center FAQ), and the census carries the rules among its stated limits and the determinations as a negative tag (maryleelabor record). Its data are published monthly on a publicly accessible Dataverse "for use by scholars, journalists, movement leaders, and others", in three phases, 2017–2020, 2021–2024 and 2025 to the present, with documentation and a citation form naming crowdcounting.org (Ash Center page); the About page of Counting Crowds, the "Blog of the Crowd Counting Consortium", has the data in monthly Google Sheets, a compiled and augmented version kept on GitHub by the Nonviolent Action Lab and updated weekly, usually on Wednesdays, and an interactive dashboard (Counting Crowds), and the census records its coverage as the United States from 2017 in the same three phases (maryleelabor record). The census records public download from the Harvard Dataverse and a public submission form, no licence on the saved page, and as unchecked the dataset and its codebook, the licence, the crowdcounting.org site and the listed commentary (maryleelabor record). Its X account wrote on 29 August 2024 "Since 2017, we've tallied 200,000 protests and rallies in the US...and counting." and on 3 July 2020 that it was closing in on 5,000 listings of antiracism protests (X); its commentary recorded nearly 2,300 protests on Palestine or Israel by 28 November 2023, "with hundreds of thousands of total participants", nearly 12,400 pro-Palestine and over 2,000 pro-Israel protests from 7 October 2023 to 7 June 2024, and protest at over 500 schools with encampments at more than 130 of them (Ash Center page), and its blog counted encampments on more than 100 campuses and at least 26 acts of civil disobedience or direct action on 15 April 2024 (Counting Crowds). The census gives no total, the count "not stated as a total in the saved source" beyond that dated subset, and lists as holdings the three phases, the commentary, the Israel/Palestine dashboards and more than 600 scholarly citations (maryleelabor record). Its page records the data's uses in public argument: the 2017 Women’s March as, at that time, the largest single-day demonstration in US history; the 2018 March for Our Lives and #Enough Walkouts as the broadest, in over 4,400 locations; the 2020 protests after George Floyd’s murder as the largest and broadest mobilization, in a New York Times analysis; the 2020 Black Lives Matter uprising as "overwhelmingly peaceful"; the 2023–2024 pro-Palestine protests as "generally peaceful", against common narratives of violence; the rebuttal of the narrative of "no resistance" to the second Trump administration, with "a high degree of nonviolent discipline among anti-Trump protesters"; and the No Kings protests of June and October 2025 among the largest single-day demonstrations in US history (Ash Center page). Academics use the data to study protest, counter-protest and state response, the team's articles and essays have more than 600 scholarly citations, and the Nonviolent Action Lab publishes commentary on the data, the latest listed on the page dated 15 August 2025 (Ash Center page); the census's answers are how many protests on a theme occurred in a period and where, the size of named mobilizations, and whether a wave was broadly nonviolent, and its lifecycle and dates record an active project published monthly, its latest listed commentary 2025-08-15 (maryleelabor record). On the census's question the record keeps the crowd: its losing side is "not recorded. The data are used to study protest, counter-protest and state response; the saved page shows nothing of the positions, splits or dissent inside the movements counted", the census tags it "NOT a labor dataset: it records political protest of every kind, and labor action only as part of it", and among what it does not answer it lists "the positions argued inside a movement, or which tendency organized an event" (maryleelabor record). The census's own reading takes the dataset as "a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, whose record has been used against prevailing narratives", which "keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded" (maryleelabor record). #1725 states of its own case record that "no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period", and that the frequency of its pattern across the left as a whole "is unmeasured" (#1725). At its name, a new address queried with the census name on 31 October 2026, the Capture Registry records that the Overview gives the founders, institutional home, scope and data, "Faithful on founders, home and data.", with its founders and institutions named and the consortium's pages among six cards from Harvard, Counting Crowds (two), boB Rudis, Policy Commons and X, and records the resource as external to the archive (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31). The Registry reads the composition as putting 'nonviolent' first "in a scope the consortium states without it", against the page's "We collect publicly available data on political crowds reported in the United States" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31); the 'nonviolent' scope stands on the rail in the third party's page (boB Rudis). The Registry also reads it as leaving out "the verification and privacy rules that bound the record", the fact-checking rule and the rule on identifying information, under the title "THE CONSORTIUM AT ITS GRAIN; ITS VERIFICATION AND PRIVACY RULES NOT CARRIED" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31). Wikipedia has no article with the name; five articles mention it, among them Erica Chenoweth and Crowd counting, the article on the estimation of crowd sizes, which lists the consortium among its external links (Wikipedia).

Δthe delta

current · derived from the current composition

T against L_F(B) (AIO's ontology at work on its own cards): At 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (T1, six cards: B1–B6, B5 unreachable; 193 words, no closing offer) the composition gives the consortium's definition, founders and year, home, scope, scale and data access. Composed from its cards: the definition at the grain of the consortium's page and the Policy Commons card (B1 F2, B5 F42: 'a joint project … that collects publicly available data on political protest events reported in the United States, including rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience'), as 'a joint research project that tracks and collects public data'; the founders and the Women's March (B1 F4; B4 F38, 'Professors Erica Chenoweth (Harvard University) and Jeremy Pressman (University of Connecticut)'), as 'Co-founded in 2017'; the home (B1 F3 'Part of Nonviolent Action Lab'; B4 F39 'one of the two institutional pillars'), as 'Operated in partnership with the Nonviolent Action Lab'; 'all U.S. states and territories with no minimum size requirement' at the resolution of the third party's page (B3 F34); the named mobilizations (B1 F8, F9, F11 by name: the 2017 Women's March, the 2018 March for Our Lives, the 2020 protests) and the encampments (B1 F27, B4 F40); the Dataverse (B1 F6, 'published monthly', as 'Published regularly'); the weekly compilation on GitHub, 'usually on Wednesdays' (B2 F31, as 'weekly on Wednesdays'); the dashboard (B2 F32). Substituted reading: the scope's 'public, nonviolent (and broader political) crowd events' composes the third party's 'nonviolent (not primarily organized to cause direct harm to persons)' (B3 F34, on a page whose text carries the Claude assistant's interface string, F36) first, and leaves out the consortium's own list, 'marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions' (B1 F20); the Capture Registry reads the same move against B1 (CAP-1-03, CAP-1-05). 'Operated in partnership with' composes the page's 'Part of' (F3) as a relation between two parties. Force raised: 'The project has tracked hundreds of thousands of individual demonstrations and rallies'; the field's count of events is '200,000 protests and rallies' as of 29 August 2024 (B6 F44), and 'hundreds of thousands' stands in the field only for participants, 'hundreds of thousands of total participants' in the Israel/Palestine protests of autumn 2023 (B1 F51). Limit dropped: the rules that bound the record, 'We only post records that we can confirm and verify through fact-checking' and the publicly verifiable source a submission must carry (B1 F18), 'We will never post, release, or share identifying information' (F19), the exclusions of the unit (crowds at meetings, teach-ins, workshops, panels, fundraisers and town halls, B1 F20; the third party's exclusions, B3 F35), the human subjects determinations (F22) (CAP-1-04, CAP-1-06). Available and uncomposed (§6.2): the consortium's own definition on card 1 (F1) and its goal of aggregate crowd numbers (F21); near-real-time expansion (F5); the three phases (F17); the citation form and crowdcounting.org (F23, F47); the Google Sheets (B2 F30); Count Love's webcrawler (F25, F46); the uses against prevailing narratives, 'overwhelmingly peaceful' (F11 composed by name only), 'generally peaceful' (F12), the rebuttal of 'no resistance' with 'a high degree of nonviolent discipline' (F13), No Kings (F14); the scholarly use and its 600 citations (F15); the commentary and its dates (F7, F28); the counts (F26, F45, F41); funding (F24); co-direction (F43); the team (F16); the third party's January–May 2025 bound and its model-composed text (F36, F37). Outside the cards: 'strikes' in the definition (no field claim: the page's list is 'rallies, marches, demonstrations, and acts of civil disobedience', F2, and 'marches, protests, demonstrations, riots, and other actions', F20; the census tags the record 'NOT a labor dataset', ML-23); 'hundreds of thousands of individual demonstrations' (above); 'Counting Crowds Website' for the dashboard (B2 F32 'this interactive dashboard'). Composed without attribution: none at the name (the founders and institutions named, CAP-1-08); the third party's 'no minimum crowd size requirement' is composed at its resolution with a marker whose target is a Google redirect URL. Content replaced by use: T1-8's 'You can explore data visuals' addresses the reader, the dashboard (F32) carried as an action. Of the cards' 48 readable claims, T composes 15 at their grain or coarser.

v0.9 §0.5: the first diff is ontological and narrow. T and the field agree on the entity (the protest-event project and its data). T composes the consortium at the grain of its own page and its blog on founders, home and access, and takes its scope's first term from the third party's page, a page whose text carries a model's interface string, over the consortium's own list with riots; it adds strikes, which no card states, and raises the count of events to the order of magnitude the field gives only for participants; and it leaves out the verification and privacy rules that the consortium's page states as the bounds of its record.

L_F(B) against L_A(B ∪ A) (the intervention): Admission adds, in one claim space with the field's: the census's question of whose record, who holds it and whether the losing side is kept (ML-25, ML-26), its anchor's conditions for the losing position, organ, holder and route (O1725-02, ML-28), and #1725's stated limit that no cross-organization dataset of left splits was found (O1725-01); the census's answers field by field, each restating its basis on the consortium's page where it has one (ML-01–ML-29): its kind, unit and record object, its holder (a university project funded by foundations and university centres), its method, its counts ('not stated as a total'), its limits and tags ('NOT a labor dataset'), and its losing side, 'not recorded', with the census's reading of the dataset as a holder independent of the movements and governments it counts, which keeps the crowd and leaves the internal argument of the movement unrecorded (ML-10, ML-17, ML-18); and the Capture Registry's account of the composition at the name (CAP-1-01–CAP-1-11). Not surfaced: every archive source; no card cites the census record.

alignment: {'T1_cards_claims': ['F1', 'F2', 'F3', 'F4', 'F5', 'F6', 'F7', 'F8', 'F9', 'F10', 'F11', 'F12', 'F13', 'F14', 'F15', 'F16', 'F17', 'F18', 'F19', 'F20', 'F21', 'F22', 'F23', 'F24', 'F25', 'F26', 'F27', 'F28', 'F29', 'F30', 'F31', 'F32', 'F33', 'F34', 'F35', 'F36', 'F37', 'F38', 'F39', 'F40', 'F41', 'F42', 'F43', 'F44', 'F45', 'F46', 'F47', 'F51'], 'T1_composed': ['F2', 'F42', 'F4', 'F38', 'F3', 'F39', 'F34', 'F8', 'F9', 'F11', 'F27', 'F40', 'F6', 'F31', 'F32'], 'T1_outside_cards': ["'strikes' (no field claim; B1 F2 and F20 list rallies, marches, demonstrations, riots and acts of civil disobedience)", "'hundreds of thousands of individual demonstrations and rallies' (B6 F44: 200,000 protests and rallies, 2024-08-29; B1 F51: 'hundreds of thousands of total participants')", "'Counting Crowds Website' as the place of 'data visuals and project updates' (B2 F32 names an interactive dashboard)", "'Operated in partnership with' (B1 F3: 'Part of')"], 'rule': "a field claim counts as composed when T states it at its source's grain or coarser; the typology of what is not is in T_vs_LB (§6.2)"}

Kthe prospective kernel sealed only at freeze · composer-written42 entries

composer-written · derived from the current composition, written by its composer under the brief. §8.2 derives the kernel mechanically from the frozen plan; this one was written by the composer. Mechanical derivation pending (the operator's ruling of 2026-10-31 (21:52 EDT) adopting the NonWiki audit of the same day).

K1ML-01 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-01
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what it is: a public interest and scholarly project documenting protest in the United States
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K2ML-03 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-03
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
what it is: a public interest and scholarly project documenting protest in the United States
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K3ML-05 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-05
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K4ML-25 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-25
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K5ML-26 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-26
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K6ML-04 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-04
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K7ML-29 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-29
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K8O1725-02 #1725missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
O1725-02
source
#1725
M_src
interpretation
sense
the losing side: organ, holder and route (#1725)
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K9ML-28 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-28
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
the losing side: organ, holder and route (#1725)
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K10ML-27 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-27
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
origin and founders: the Women’s March of 21 January 2017
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K11ML-02 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-02
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
operator and institutional home: Harvard Kennedy School, UConn, the Nonviolent Action Lab
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K12ML-09 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-09
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K13ML-06 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-06
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
the unit: what counts as a political crowd
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K14ML-07 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-07
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
the unit: what counts as a political crowd
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K15ML-08 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-08
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K16ML-11 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-11
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
method: public reports, verified submissions, a webcrawler
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K17ML-15 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-15
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
verification and privacy: the rules that bound the record
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K18ML-23 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-23
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K19ML-12 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-12
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
data access: the Dataverse, monthly; Google Sheets; a weekly compilation
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K20ML-19 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31qualified claim: F30 (monthly Google Sheets) beside F6
claim
ML-19
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
data access: the Dataverse, monthly; Google Sheets; a weekly compilation
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
qualified claim: F30 (monthly Google Sheets) beside F6
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K21ML-20 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-20
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
data access: the Dataverse, monthly; Google Sheets; a weekly compilation
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K22ML-24 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-24
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
self-description
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K23ML-13 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31qualified claim: F44 (200,000 protests and rallies, 2024-08-29)
claim
ML-13
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
counts: the record’s tallies
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
qualified claim: F44 (200,000 protests and rallies, 2024-08-29)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K24ML-14 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-14
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
scholarship and commentary
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K25ML-16 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-16
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K26ML-21 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-21
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
versions and dates
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K27ML-22 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
claim
ML-22
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
versions and dates
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
none (the field states the claim at its basis on B1; the archive's instance restates it)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K28ML-10 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-10
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
stipulation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K29ML-17 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-17
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K30ML-18 maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
ML-18
source
maryleelabor census record, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
what the census asks: whose record, who holds it, the losing side
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K31O1725-01 #1725missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
O1725-01
source
#1725
M_src
self-description
sense
the losing side: organ, holder and route (#1725)
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K32CAP-1-01 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-01
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K33CAP-1-02 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-02
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K34CAP-1-08 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-08
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K35CAP-1-09 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-09
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K36CAP-1-10 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-10
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K37CAP-1-11 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-11
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
documented
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K38CAP-1-03 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31qualified claim: F34 (the third party's 'nonviolent') and F20 (the consortium's list with riots)
claim
CAP-1-03
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
qualified claim: F34 (the third party's 'nonviolent') and F20 (the consortium's list with riots)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K39CAP-1-05 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31qualified claim: F20 (the consortium's list) against F34
claim
CAP-1-05
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
qualified claim: F20 (the consortium's list) against F34
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K40CAP-1-04 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-04
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K41CAP-1-06 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-06
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
K42CAP-1-07 Capture Registry, 2026-10-31missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
claim
CAP-1-07
source
Capture Registry, 2026-10-31
M_src
interpretation
sense
the composition at the name
qualifiers carried
—
f (source's own falsifiers)
— (none stated; watch: a later composition at the address that states or drops the claim, attributed or not, uptake §8.3)
contrast
missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)
resolver
a later capture at 'Crowd Counting Consortium' (ADDR-cdd1faf8a14e) on Google AI Overview, seated in the Capture Registry (§8.3)
Archive bearing — D/R/O traversalread

Candidates are found by string; admission is by reading.

traversalfirst reading, 2026-10-31; second pass with one citation hop from #1725
D 0 deposits · 0 sentencesR 0 · 0O 1 · 0 direct, 1 classhop 42read: 1 admitted, 3 not

Lee Sharks · Crimson Hexagonal Archive · register v1.36, 2026-10-27. Built by scripts/build_non.py from the files linked above; it writes nothing back. Working, not frozen.