The Negative of the Negative › entity data-provenance-explorer
One entity of the Negative of the Negative (EA-NEGONT-02, #1690), cited at https://www.alexanarch.org/non/data-provenance-explorer/. the table of contents · this entity as data · contents as data · the dataset on the Hub · row json · field ledger · archive ledger · D/R/O traversal · the address page · the MMRS meta-aggregator record.
SPXI instrument · method 0.16 of 87, level 0 (Measurement): The Negative of the Negative (/non). An instrument of SPXI, the Semantic Packet for eXchange & Indexing; the whole practice is itemized at spxi.dev/methods.
WORKING KNOWLEDGE OBJECT · NOT FROZEN · LEDGER UNAUDITED
Data Provenance Explorer is the Data Provenance Initiative's explorer of its audit of AI training datasets: nearly 4,000 text, speech and video datasets, each traced to sources, creators and licences (its pages; founding paper), at the training layer of one chain whose other end is what a model credits when it answers (MMRS record).
F37 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-01 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationMMRS-10 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationMMRS-04 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF1 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): headings documented · fieldF2 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): slide caption documented · fieldF16 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (p2): heading documented · fieldF3 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card snippet (MIT Media Lab unreachable: TLS failure) documented · fieldF26 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶4 documented · fieldF4 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card title (MIT Media Lab unreachable) documented · fieldMMRS-09 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF5 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, dataprovenance.org: meta description (served HTML) documented · fieldMMRS-03 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedMMRS-17 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF13 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Public-interest infrastructure' documented · fieldMMRS-11 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF7 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer', description documented · fieldF43 Data Provenance Initiative — /data_summaries.csv, header row of /data_summaries.csv (3,917 rows at fetch) documented · fieldMMRS-16 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF25 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶3 documented · fieldF21 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): summary table documented · fieldF23 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶1 documented · fieldO725-03 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationO725-05 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven stipulationO725-07 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven stipulationO725-06 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD725-01 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationF19 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): header documented · fieldF6 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer' documented · fieldF17 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Dataset Explorer' documented · fieldCAP-1-01 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedMMRS-12 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF11 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2025 documented · fieldF10 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): findings strip, 'Dataset restrictions' documented · fieldCAP-1-02 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedMMRS-20 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationMMRS-15 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl documentedMMRS-18 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl self-descriptionMMRS-19 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl self-descriptionCAP-1-03 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedCAP-1-06 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationCAP-1-05 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationMMRS-21 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl documentedCAP-1-07 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationCAP-1-04 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationCAP-1-09 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedCAP-1-08 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedF33 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, abstract page header documented · fieldF34 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF24 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶2 documented · fieldF22 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body: standfirst documented · fieldF32 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Path Forward ¶2 documented · fieldF20 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, breadcrumb (Qh) and header buttons (Lh) documented · fieldD98-01 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic interpretationR98-04 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic stipulationF36 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-02 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedMMRS-05 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedD725-02 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven attributedF27 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶1 documented · fieldF28 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶2 documented · fieldD1714-01 #1714 Meaning Feudalism at the Discovery Layer: Shepherds, Raw Research Data, and the Allocation of Semantic Capital in OpenAI attributedO98-03 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic interpretationD1714-02 #1714 Meaning Feudalism at the Discovery Layer: Shepherds, Raw Research Data, and the Allocation of Semantic Capital in OpenAI interpretationD1714-03 #1714 Meaning Feudalism at the Discovery Layer: Shepherds, Raw Research Data, and the Allocation of Semantic Capital in OpenAI interpretationF35 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF29 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶2 documented · fieldF30 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶4 documented · fieldF44 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer/web-data-explorer (ed): header documented · fieldF8 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Web Consent Explorer' documented · fieldF18 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Web Data Explorer' documented · fieldF38 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, abstract page header documented · fieldF12 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2024 documented · fieldMMRS-13 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF39 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF45 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldD98-02 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic interpretationF46 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF40 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-06 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF41 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF42 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF31 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Open Legal Ambiguities ¶1 documented · fieldD725-04 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD725-08 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD725-09 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD1003-01 #1003 AI-Native Intellectual Biography: Genre, Provenance, and the Archive That Outpaced Its Author Description (as recorded b interpretationMMRS-07 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl interpretationMMRS-08 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl interpretationMMRS-14 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationO95-01 #95 Provenance Alignment: Attribution Survival as a Substrate Condition for Safe AI Knowledge Composition interpretationF9 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Flagship systems' documented · fieldO623-01 #623 Semantic Infrastructure: From Tim Berners-Lee to the Semantic Economy — Bridging Technical and Political-Economic Framew interpretationF14 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Featured coverage' documented · fieldF15 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Policy and governance relevance' documented · fieldF47 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Explorer (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Explorer documented · fieldF48 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Initiative (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Initiative documented · field[Google AI Overview at the query, signed out and incognito (operator defaults of 2026-10-01 and 2026-10-14), 2026-10-29. The paste is the Overview expanded (the 'AI Mode Conversation' view, with the source cards that follow the answer); the 'You said' line carries the query twice, run together, and is given once here. Inline links are Google redirect URLs, kept as pasted. The closing disclaimer cut.] [QUERENT] data provenance explorer [SYSTEM] The [Data Provenance Explorer](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESbwHrOzAVEvFFned9y_23wqmutxc6ql6K_Me5zHJCXwXwkpqpDnxwO20lk0ZrEIbXSSfLWA1Dn6bnQgSNiAaNWT4D-vyGbt8_mdAU1VXj0ECBzmPaTffoO0H8KoR3kRInaaOSBRf04E5DbU3YER-nSQ) is an interactive audit tool built by the [Data Provenance Initiative](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESVwHrOzAVlBqD8q1DsqiqS4byz_xXGOoXrfv-jahWT18ECzCW55x4N6LPTCkEO9qxXFEkLZKJO721S8uxa3uevB5fGLWsa8dT-0AK_0RefeUEVhCPOpPE_w) to track, inspect, and filter large language model (LLM) training datasets. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESbAHrOzAVpMiys_Eoyka0BGtdNRS-akOLxRu5f5c1zvJ6lh91uue1ZmQXa5OYV9N1OdJ0IyCZQvoeYeB-U5H9MhgKJ1Jja8YMq7Kf98U4tzkVB3gnsmPr4qDrxpw_5oFCZCCpOZfMAAHhAdJjiw), [2](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESkQEB6zswFcZXWfKhfmZALaUw2zhLuHmfZmg92qD0X1pceNeAzYzNRqUxmI9r-LjziEGFTjVDff11daho2EwuXru4dB1EENoZVptVwjs6pN0rNubOZXOfcCqJ90aVuqyiRwI3Eaf29MmjrO3Grg1CHdC88YtwMxHMB0JrmF_Rd3JxnvsZTCdgxHBE0FK8MY3J1-UI), [3](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESVwHrOzAVlBqD8q1DsqiqS4byz_xXGOoXrfv-jahWT18ECzCW55x4N6LPTCkEO9qxXFEkLZKJO721S8uxa3uevB5fGLWsa8dT-0AK_0RefeUEVhCPOpPE_w)] What You Can Explore * Dataset Explorer: Search and filter nearly 4,000 text, speech, and video datasets by creators, original data sources, geographies, modalities, and derivation chains. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESbwHrOzAVEvFFned9y_23wqmutxc6ql6K_Me5zHJCXwXwkpqpDnxwO20lk0ZrEIbXSSfLWA1Dn6bnQgSNiAaNWT4D-vyGbt8_mdAU1VXj0ECBzmPaTffoO0H8KoR3kRInaaOSBRf04E5DbU3YER-nSQ), [2](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESgAEB6zswFWm2hryFxhly-kSN-1G3r3zb4kBmow9c-ETq1EhKOXfDl-O1RpXXsxlQWHvxTXkW-KhUHyJS0X_ihetDObmO5hAyLZTRBGZBi4DoVrUjCGDIbgoMaaAju1kE9luXprx7Wh147Qg12FnsuV2fQSNVQFzYGFOqlDHEHD1zUA), [3](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESVwHrOzAVlBqD8q1DsqiqS4byz_xXGOoXrfv-jahWT18ECzCW55x4N6LPTCkEO9qxXFEkLZKJO721S8uxa3uevB5fGLWsa8dT-0AK_0RefeUEVhCPOpPE_w)] * License & Use Case Filtering: Evaluate data strictness ranging from commercial use to academic-only or non-commercial restrictions. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESgAEB6zswFWm2hryFxhly-kSN-1G3r3zb4kBmow9c-ETq1EhKOXfDl-O1RpXXsxlQWHvxTXkW-KhUHyJS0X_ihetDObmO5hAyLZTRBGZBi4DoVrUjCGDIbgoMaaAju1kE9luXprx7Wh147Qg12FnsuV2fQSNVQFzYGFOqlDHEHD1zUA)] * Web Data & Consent Explorers: Track shifting data-use preferences and consent signals across thousands of web domains commonly scraped for AI training. [[1](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAEScgHrOzAVjN3FL0BKd3JKOmHIZ0iwuJgGHKYKc9lwyPB1_vK537yOu6OTRUfgrBbOwGjGYROzF1xdb7JlsDWiQQMlKTOawHm-FSkZxrxuy2WLQZHjQbE7wcjEHULjUT28fKnTNrxM5tMub0qpuqf16wqLiA), [2](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESVwHrOzAVlBqD8q1DsqiqS4byz_xXGOoXrfv-jahWT18ECzCW55x4N6LPTCkEO9qxXFEkLZKJO721S8uxa3uevB5fGLWsa8dT-0AK_0RefeUEVhCPOpPE_w)] Would you like to search for a specific dataset or learn how to filter for commercial-use licenses in the explorer? Data Provenance Initiative Data Provenance Explorer Data Provenance Initiative The Data Provenance Explorer Explore the datasets included in our audit. The DPI Explorer tool allows you to filter for and analyze l... MIT Media Lab Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab Share this tool Based on our extensive audits of AI data, we've built data explorers to allow practitioners to make more nuanced and informed decisions about th... Data Provenance Initiative Data Provenance Initiative Data Provenance Explorer. 4,000+ datasets. Inspect dataset sources, licenses, creators, geographies, modalities, and derivation chains. Explore datasets · Web d... Data Provenance Initiative Data Provenance Explorer Discover the datasets featured in our audit! The DPI Explorer tool enables you to filter and analyze language model training datasets effortlessly. Dataset Expl... Data Provenance Initiative Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative Data Provenance Explorer. > Dataset Explorer. Dataset Explorer. Explore nearly 4,000 text, video, and speech datasets, and their characteristics. Paper Reposito... Cohere Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis By Shayne Longpre and Sara Hooker Collectively, these data sets have been downloaded tens of millions of times, and are the backbone of many published NLP break...
The Data Provenance Explorer is the interactive explorer of the Data Provenance Initiative's audit of AI training datasets: the founding paper released "our entire audit, with an interactive UI, the Data Provenance Explorer," to trace and filter on data provenance for the most popular open-source fine-tuning collections (arXiv:2310.16787), and the MMRS record defines it as tracing "the sources and licences of AI training datasets," kinds it a database, and has practitioners follow provenance back to sources, creators and licences (MMRS record). Its own pages introduce it as the place to "Explore the datasets included in our audit," where the DPI Explorer tool filters and analyses language-model training datasets by use case, language and more (explorer introduction; landing page), and MIT Media Lab's card, the one the composition could surface but this row could not fetch, speaks of "data explorers" built on "our extensive audits of AI data" for practitioners' decisions (MIT Media Lab, title and snippet only). The launch post names its users: developers who "track and filter thousands of datasets for legal and ethical considerations," and scholars and journalists who explore "the composition and data lineage of popular AI datasets" (Cohere, 25 October 2023).
Its unit is the dataset, "traced to its creators, sources, licences, geographies, modalities and derivation chain" (MMRS record), as the home page has it, "Inspect dataset sources, licenses, creators, geographies, modalities, and derivation chains"; the data file the Dataset Explorer loads records those fields per dataset beside the Initiative's own licence-use, attribution and share-alike readings, 3,917 rows at this row's fetch (data_summaries.csv), and the MMRS record answers that it records attribution: "yes: sources, creators and licences per dataset" (MMRS record). "For the first time," the launch post says, the audited datasets carry "tags to the original data sources, numerous re-licensings, creators, and other data properties" (Cohere), and the Dataset Explorer computes over any selection its text sources, generating models and the share of datasets used (Dataset Explorer). The term is its authors': "Inconsistent tracking of the origins of a piece of data, which we refer to as data provenance, has introduced a range of legal and ethical challenges" (Longpre and Hooker, Cohere); #725 makes that tracking the second of the dimensions of provenance, "training-corpus licensing," whose object is the corpus and whose question is "Under what permissions did this data enter this system?", with the Initiative among its frameworks, beside the artifact (C2PA) and the semantic dimension, which "names the dimension that completes the C2PA ambition of trust in digital content by extending provenance from the moment of creation to the lifecycle of the meaning the content carries" (#725).
Its own count is "nearly 4,000 text, video, and speech datasets" on the Dataset Explorer, "4,000+ datasets" in "608 languages" on the home page and "4000" on the landing page, and the home page gives its source as the multimodal audit "of four thousand public text, speech, and video datasets" (ICLR 2025), with the finding that "Source content often carries stricter terms than dataset releases" (its pages). The Capture Registry records that the composition at the name supplied this scale from the Initiative's own Dataset Explorer card while the MMRS record still gave the founding audit's 1,800, and that the record was corrected to the current scale, sourced to the card (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29); the record now reads "nearly 4,000 text, video and speech datasets (the Dataset Explorer); the founding audit covered more than 1,800 text datasets" (MMRS record).
The founding paper, submitted on 25 October 2023 by Shayne Longpre, Robert Mahari, Anthony Chen, Naana Obeng-Marnu and others, convened legal and machine-learning experts "to systematically audit and trace 1800+ text datasets" with "tools and standards to trace the lineage of these datasets, from their source, creators, series of license conditions, properties, and subsequent use" (arXiv:2310.16787); the launch post of the same day counts "nearly 2,000 of the most widely used fine-tuning datasets," downloaded "tens of millions of times" (Cohere). Researchers "from MIT, Cohere for AI, and 11 other institutions" launched it as a free platform, the audit being "the launch of a wider multi-institutional initiative, where users all over the world can contribute to the explorer" (Cohere), and the Dataset Explorer still stands under the Data Provenance Explorer with its paper and repository linked (Dataset Explorer).
Its operator, the Data Provenance Initiative (Longpre, Mahari, Chen, Obeng-Marnu and others, by the founding paper: MMRS record), calls its work "Public measurement infrastructure for AI data, model ecosystems, and real-world AI use" (its home page, which the MMRS record quotes and whose phrase the record's evidence assigns to the founding paper), and says it releases "papers, datasets, and dashboards" so that researchers, journalists, policymakers and builders can "reason from shared evidence" (home page). #98 reads the Initiative as a project that "Documents provenance of popular AI training datasets" and states its limitation as "Documentation project, not infrastructure," and in its table of what the archive takes from others it records "Provenance schema | Data Provenance Initiative | Training-pipeline provenance | Implemented (in CHA)" (#98).
The founding audit found "license omission of 70%+ and error rates of 50%+" on widely used dataset hosting sites, "a crisis in misattribution" (arXiv:2310.16787); the MMRS record quotes the finding, #725 reports it with the further figures that "85% of licenses request attribution and 30% include share-alike clauses" and with Nature Machine Intelligence 2024 as its venue, and #1714 carries it as what "is lost before training even begins" (MMRS record; #725; #1714). The launch post places the omission in "Crowdsourced aggregators like GitHub, Papers with Code," which miss licences for 72 to 83 percent of datasets against 30 percent under the Initiative's own protocol and list them "too permissively in up to 29 percent" of cases, so that distorted licensing "leads to cascading misattribution" (Cohere). The audit also found "sharp divides" between commercially open and closed datasets, closed ones "monopolizing" lower-resource languages, more creative tasks, richer topic variety and newer, more synthetic data (arXiv:2310.16787), a divide the launch post calls "sharp and widening," beside "a stark Western-centric skew" in representation (Cohere).
Its second explorer, the Web Data Explorer (on the home page the Web Consent Explorer), follows "Shifting preferences in how websites allow their data to be used for AI" across 14,000 domains' terms, robots.txt and crawl restrictions (its pages), from Consent in Crisis (Longpre, Mahari, Lee and others, submitted 20 July 2024; NeurIPS 2024 on the home page, "NeurIPS 2024 Datasets and Benchmarks" in the MMRS record), "the first, large-scale, longitudinal audit of the consent protocols for the web domains underlying AI training corpora" (arXiv:2407.14933). The explorer page charts HEAD-C4's "2k of the largest and most critical web domains" from 2016 to April 2024, counts a domain restricted when its robots.txt disallows the named AI crawlers, and finds "significant recent spikes in restrictions" (Web Data Explorer). The paper finds that in 2023–2024 "~5%+ of all tokens in C4, or 28%+ of the most actively maintained, critical sources in C4" became fully restricted and that "a full 45% of C4 is now restricted" by terms of service (arXiv:2407.14933; the MMRS record quotes the second), diagnoses "ineffective web protocols," and holds, as a conditional, that "If respected or enforced, these restrictions are rapidly biasing the diversity, freshness, and scaling laws for general-purpose AI systems" (arXiv:2407.14933). #98 reads Consent in Crisis as an "Audit of C4, RefinedWeb, Dolma" that "documents collapse of web-consent infrastructure," a "Diagnostic paper," and sets the Initiative at "L4: Provenance / Consent," where what is missing is "Integrated provenance in training pipeline" (#98).
Its authors state that "major legal ambiguities remain in data licensing that the authors acknowledge cannot be resolved by tooling alone" (Cohere), and #725 states the dimension's own bound: "The Data Provenance Initiative audits whether datasets were licensed, not whether synthesized outputs preserve attribution to the human sources whose labor the synthesis depended upon"; "Licensing audits operate on the *input* to AI systems. They do not address the *output*," and the Initiative's 70%+ omission "establishes the licensing dimension's urgency; semantic provenance addresses the dimension that follows" (#725). The dimensions are independent, "a licensed dataset can produce outputs with excellent semantic provenance if the synthesis preserves attribution; an unlicensed dataset can produce outputs that nonetheless cite their sources clearly," and the frameworks that address "the corpus," the Initiative among them, "are not designed to address the survival of authorial lineage through AI synthesis" (#725). "The Data Provenance Initiative tells you whether the dataset was licensed," and none of these instruments was designed to tell "what happened to the meaning … between the dataset and the answer" (#725); #1003 groups "C2PA, the Data Provenance Initiative, W3C PROV" as studies that "have focused on attribution loss in AI outputs" (#1003).
The MMRS record sets the Explorer at one end of a chain: "It records provenance at the training layer, where the census's reception aggregators record it at the composition layer. The two ends of one chain: what a model was given, and what it credits when it answers" (MMRS record), with its roles provenance and monitoring (MMRS record); the Initiative's own four systems "trace AI from source data and web consent to model markets and real-world use" (home page). At the answering end, PER "applies to these only indirectly" where claims are parametric, and reaching them at the substrate level "requires companion infrastructure (training-data provenance records, watermarking, content credentials)" (#95); #623 counts standardized documentation of training-data provenance as "a step toward the accounting the framework demands" (#623). #1714 states the requirement across the chain, "Provenance has to survive the training pipeline," since neither audit nor influence tracing "recovers authorship" and "what survives depends on what is recorded and computed," so that sources can be "recorded at ingestion, the record kept with the training set" (#1714), where the founding audit traced lineage as far as a dataset's "subsequent use" (arXiv:2310.16787).
The MMRS record keeps each assertion with "a source and a basis" and keeps lifecycle (active, observed 2026-10-28) apart from the observation that saw it, and it states its own limits: it has not read "the explorers' pages directly (they render by script)" and takes the Initiative's page text from "the Overview's cards" (MMRS record). The Initiative lists coverage by "the Financial Times, The New York Times, The Washington Post, MIT Technology Review, IEEE Spectrum, and VentureBeat" and use in "public AI safety and governance reporting" (home page), and at "data provenance explorer" Google's AI Overview said what the explorer is and what can be filtered in it "from the Initiative's own pages," reaching pages the record's fetcher could not render (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29), the capture standing in the record as "the composition layer's account of the entity" (MMRS record). The Capture Registry finds that "The audits that make the explorer a provenance instrument are left out": "The founding audit's licence findings and Consent in Crisis are not given; the consent explorer stands for the second" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29). The composition named the Initiative and cited its pages, with Shayne Longpre and Sara Hooker on the Cohere card only, and no card cited the MMRS record, which had landed the same night (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29, checked against the record and the entity's own pages); Wikipedia has no article for "Data Provenance Explorer" or "Data Provenance Initiative," and its search finds neither phrase in any article (Wikipedia, 2026-10-29).
F37 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-01 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationMMRS-10 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationMMRS-04 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF1 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): headings documented · fieldF2 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): slide caption documented · fieldF16 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (p2): heading documented · fieldF3 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card snippet (MIT Media Lab unreachable: TLS failure) documented · fieldF4 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card title (MIT Media Lab unreachable) documented · fieldF26 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶4 documented · fieldMMRS-11 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF7 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer', description documented · fieldF43 Data Provenance Initiative — /data_summaries.csv, header row of /data_summaries.csv (3,917 rows at fetch) documented · fieldMMRS-16 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF25 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶3 documented · fieldF21 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): summary table documented · fieldF23 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶1 documented · fieldO725-03 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationO725-05 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven stipulationO725-07 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven stipulationF19 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): header documented · fieldF6 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer' documented · fieldF17 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Dataset Explorer' documented · fieldF11 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2025 documented · fieldF10 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): findings strip, 'Dataset restrictions' documented · fieldCAP-1-01 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedCAP-1-02 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedCAP-1-06 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationMMRS-12 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF33 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, abstract page header documented · fieldF34 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF24 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶2 documented · fieldF22 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body: standfirst documented · fieldF32 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Path Forward ¶2 documented · fieldF20 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, breadcrumb (Qh) and header buttons (Lh) documented · fieldMMRS-09 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF5 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, dataprovenance.org: meta description (served HTML) documented · fieldMMRS-03 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedMMRS-17 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF13 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Public-interest infrastructure' documented · fieldD98-01 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic interpretationR98-04 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic stipulationF36 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-02 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedMMRS-05 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedD725-02 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven attributedD1714-01 #1714 Meaning Feudalism at the Discovery Layer: Shepherds, Raw Research Data, and the Allocation of Semantic Capital in OpenAI attributedF27 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶1 documented · fieldF28 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶2 documented · fieldF35 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF29 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶2 documented · fieldF30 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶4 documented · fieldF44 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer/web-data-explorer (ed): header documented · fieldF8 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Web Consent Explorer' documented · fieldF18 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Web Data Explorer' documented · fieldF38 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, abstract page header documented · fieldF12 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2024 documented · fieldMMRS-13 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF39 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF45 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF46 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF40 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-06 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl attributedF41 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF42 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldD98-02 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic interpretationO98-03 #98 Distributed Compute Is Not Distributed Intelligence: A Competitive Analysis of the DePIN Landscape and the Missing Civic interpretationF31 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Open Legal Ambiguities ¶1 documented · fieldD725-04 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD725-08 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationO725-06 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD725-01 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD725-09 #725 Provenance After AI Metadata Packet for Disambiguation: From Artifact Authenticity to Licensing Audit to Semantic Proven interpretationD1003-01 #1003 AI-Native Intellectual Biography: Genre, Provenance, and the Archive That Outpaced Its Author Description (as recorded b interpretationMMRS-07 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl interpretationMMRS-08 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl interpretationMMRS-14 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationF9 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Flagship systems' documented · fieldO95-01 #95 Provenance Alignment: Attribution Survival as a Substrate Condition for Safe AI Knowledge Composition interpretationO623-01 #623 Semantic Infrastructure: From Tim Berners-Lee to the Semantic Economy — Bridging Technical and Political-Economic Framew interpretationD1714-02 #1714 Meaning Feudalism at the Discovery Layer: Shepherds, Raw Research Data, and the Allocation of Semantic Capital in OpenAI interpretationD1714-03 #1714 Meaning Feudalism at the Discovery Layer: Shepherds, Raw Research Data, and the Allocation of Semantic Capital in OpenAI interpretationF34 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldMMRS-20 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl stipulationMMRS-15 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl documentedMMRS-18 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl self-descriptionMMRS-19 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl self-descriptionF14 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Featured coverage' documented · fieldF15 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Policy and governance relevance' documented · fieldCAP-1-05 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationCAP-1-06 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationMMRS-21 MMRS MMRS meta-aggregator record: Data Provenance Explorer (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/data-provenance-expl documentedCAP-1-07 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationCAP-1-04 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 interpretationCAP-1-09 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedCAP-1-08 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedCAP-1-03 capture-registry Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 (OBS-dc0adc018f10, AXN:0AAC.CAPTURE.🕔🎨 documentedF47 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Explorer (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Explorer documented · fieldF48 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Initiative (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Initiative documented · fieldData Provenance Explorer is the Data Provenance Initiative's tool for exploring the datasets of its audit: nearly 4,000 text, speech and video datasets, filtered by licence, sources and creators (its pages; founding paper).
F1 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): headings documented · fieldF2 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): slide caption documented · fieldF16 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (p2): heading documented · fieldF3 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card snippet (MIT Media Lab unreachable: TLS failure) documented · fieldF37 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF26 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶4 documented · fieldF4 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card title (MIT Media Lab unreachable) documented · fieldF5 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, dataprovenance.org: meta description (served HTML) documented · fieldF13 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Public-interest infrastructure' documented · fieldF23 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶1 documented · fieldF7 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer', description documented · fieldF25 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶3 documented · fieldF43 Data Provenance Initiative — /data_summaries.csv, header row of /data_summaries.csv (3,917 rows at fetch) documented · fieldF21 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): summary table documented · fieldF19 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): header documented · fieldF6 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer' documented · fieldF17 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Dataset Explorer' documented · fieldF11 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2025 documented · fieldF10 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): findings strip, 'Dataset restrictions' documented · fieldF33 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, abstract page header documented · fieldF34 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF22 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body: standfirst documented · fieldF24 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶2 documented · fieldF32 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Path Forward ¶2 documented · fieldF20 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, breadcrumb (Qh) and header buttons (Lh) documented · fieldF9 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Flagship systems' documented · fieldF36 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF27 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶1 documented · fieldF28 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶2 documented · fieldF35 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF29 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶2 documented · fieldF30 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶4 documented · fieldF31 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Open Legal Ambiguities ¶1 documented · fieldF44 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer/web-data-explorer (ed): header documented · fieldF8 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Web Consent Explorer' documented · fieldF18 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Web Data Explorer' documented · fieldF38 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, abstract page header documented · fieldF12 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2024 documented · fieldF39 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF45 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF46 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF40 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF41 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF42 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF14 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Featured coverage' documented · fieldF15 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Policy and governance relevance' documented · fieldF47 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Explorer (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Explorer documented · fieldF48 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Initiative (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Initiative documented · fieldThe Data Provenance Explorer lets its users explore the datasets included in the Initiative's audit, filtering and analysing language-model training datasets by use case, language and more (explorer introduction; landing page; MIT Media Lab's card, snippet only). The founding paper released the whole audit with an interactive UI, the Data Provenance Explorer, to trace and filter on provenance for popular open-source fine-tuning collections (arXiv:2310.16787), for developers filtering for legal and ethical considerations and for scholars and journalists exploring data lineage (Cohere). Data provenance, in the launch post's words, is the tracking of "the origins of a piece of data" (Cohere).
Each dataset is traced to its sources, licences, creators, geographies, modalities and derivation chains, its re-licensings tagged (home page; Cohere), and the data file the Dataset Explorer loads carries these fields with the Initiative's licence readings, 3,917 rows at fetch, over which the explorer computes its summaries (data_summaries.csv; Dataset Explorer). Its pages count nearly 4,000 text, video and speech datasets, 4,000+ in 608 languages, from the multimodal audit of four thousand datasets (ICLR 2025), which found source content often more restricted than dataset releases (its pages).
Longpre, Mahari, Chen, Obeng-Marnu and others submitted the founding audit of 1800+ text datasets on 25 October 2023 (arXiv), launched the same day with Cohere for AI and eleven other institutions as a free platform open to contributions, nearly 2,000 fine-tuning datasets in the launch post's count (Cohere), with its paper and repository linked from the explorer (Dataset Explorer). The Initiative calls itself public measurement infrastructure for AI data, model ecosystems and real-world AI use, with four measurement systems and papers, datasets and dashboards (home page).
The audit found licence omission of 70%+ and error rates of 50%+ on hosting sites (arXiv), with 72 to 83 percent of licences missing on crowdsourced aggregators such as GitHub and Papers with Code and licences listed too permissively in up to 29 percent of cases (Cohere). It found sharp divides between commercially open and closed datasets and a Western-centric skew (arXiv; Cohere), and its authors state that legal ambiguities in data licensing cannot be resolved by tooling alone (Cohere).
The Web Data Explorer tracks shifting website preferences on AI use over 14,000 domains (its pages), from Consent in Crisis (submitted 20 July 2024; NeurIPS 2024), the first longitudinal audit of consent protocols, charting HEAD-C4's 2k critical domains with recent spikes in restrictions (arXiv; Web Data Explorer). In 2023–2024 about 5% of C4's tokens became fully restricted and 45% of C4 by terms of service, symptoms of ineffective web protocols which, if respected or enforced, bias general-purpose AI (arXiv:2407.14933).
The Initiative reports press coverage and governance use (home page); Wikipedia has no article on the Explorer or the Initiative.
F1 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): headings documented · fieldF2 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /explorer-introduction (d2): slide caption documented · fieldF16 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (p2): heading documented · fieldF3 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card snippet (MIT Media Lab unreachable: TLS failure) documented · fieldF4 MIT Media Lab — Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab, card title (MIT Media Lab unreachable) documented · fieldF37 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF26 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶4 documented · fieldF23 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶1 documented · fieldF7 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer', description documented · fieldF25 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶3 documented · fieldF43 Data Provenance Initiative — /data_summaries.csv, header row of /data_summaries.csv (3,917 rows at fetch) documented · fieldF21 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): summary table documented · fieldF19 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): header documented · fieldF6 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer' documented · fieldF17 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Dataset Explorer' documented · fieldF11 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2025 documented · fieldF10 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): findings strip, 'Dataset restrictions' documented · fieldF33 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, abstract page header documented · fieldF34 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF22 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body: standfirst documented · fieldF24 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, article body ¶2 documented · fieldF32 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Path Forward ¶2 documented · fieldF20 Data Provenance Initiative — Dataset Explorer - Data Provenance Initiative, breadcrumb (Qh) and header buttons (Lh) documented · fieldF5 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, dataprovenance.org: meta description (served HTML) documented · fieldF9 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Flagship systems' documented · fieldF13 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Public-interest infrastructure' documented · fieldF36 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF27 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶1 documented · fieldF28 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶2 documented · fieldF35 arXiv — [2310.16787] The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI, Abstract documented · fieldF29 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶2 documented · fieldF30 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶4 documented · fieldF31 Cohere — Data Provenance Explorer Launches to Tackle Data Transparency Crisis, Open Legal Ambiguities ¶1 documented · fieldF44 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer/web-data-explorer (ed): header documented · fieldF8 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): flagship system 'Web Consent Explorer' documented · fieldF18 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Explorer, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Web Data Explorer' documented · fieldF38 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, abstract page header documented · fieldF12 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): publications, 2024 documented · fieldF39 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF45 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF46 Data Provenance Initiative — Web Data Explorer, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service' documented · fieldF40 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF41 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF42 arXiv — [2407.14933] Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons, Abstract documented · fieldF14 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Featured coverage' documented · fieldF15 Data Provenance Initiative — Data Provenance Initiative, home (Cr): 'Policy and governance relevance' documented · fieldF47 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Explorer (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Explorer documented · fieldF48 Wikipedia — Data Provenance Initiative (no article), Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Initiative documented · field| AIO (T) | L_F compression | L_F expansion | L_A compression | L_A expansion | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| body words | 110 | 118 | 463 | 347 | 1908 |
| distinct claims | 5 | 48 | 48 | 97 | 97 |
| claims per 100 words | 4.5 | 40.7 | 10.4 | 28.0 | 5.1 |
| field claims carried (of 48) | — | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 |
| archive claims | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | 49 |
| rail | 6 documents | 15 lineages | per sentence | 23 lineages | per sentence |
| modality shown in | none | typography | grammar | typography | grammar |
register entry data-provenance-explorer-aio-20261029 · file as first run
E_A, the archive's entity: the same explorer, in the MMRS meta-aggregator's record and the archive's deposits: a database tracing the sources and licences of AI training datasets, its unit the dataset traced to creators, sources, licences, geographies, modalities and derivation chain; the corpus (licensing) dimension of provenance, which audits whether datasets were licensed and not whether synthesized outputs preserve attribution (#725); a documentation project, not infrastructure, whose provenance schema the archive implements (#98); what is lost before training begins, where provenance has to survive the training pipeline (#1714); the training-layer end of one chain whose other end, what a model credits when it answers, the reception aggregators and the Capture Registry record (MMRS record; #95)
E_F, the field's entity (type C — a conventional reading holds it (public entity: a database and its explorer tool, with its operator's audits)): the Data Provenance Initiative's interactive explorer of its audit of AI training datasets, released with the founding paper (arXiv:2310.16787, 25 October 2023; 1800+ text datasets) and launched with Cohere for AI and eleven other institutions; now a Dataset Explorer of nearly 4,000 text, speech and video datasets (from the multimodal audit, ICLR 2025), each traced to its sources, licences, creators, geographies, modalities and derivation chains, beside a Web Data Explorer of consent signals over 14,000 domains (Consent in Crisis, arXiv:2407.14933); its audits found licence omission of 70%+ and error rates of 50%+ on hosting sites, a commercial divide and a Western skew, and that 45% of C4 is restricted by terms of service; its authors state that licensing ambiguities cannot be resolved by tooling alone
ρ = extends: the archive reads E_F as the entity and adds senses, mechanisms and limits on the field's own object: the licensing dimension among three independent dimensions (D725-01, O725-05, O725-06), its bound at the input (D725-04, D725-08, D725-09), documentation rather than infrastructure and its schema implemented in the archive (D98-01, R98-04), the requirement that provenance survive the pipeline (D1714-02, D1714-03, O98-03), the chain from the training layer to the composition layer (MMRS-07, MMRS-08, O95-01), and what the composition layer leaves out of it (CAP-1-04, CAP-1-07) . Guard: ρ = extends claims an addition and no more: #725's bound ('audits whether datasets were licensed, not whether synthesized outputs preserve attribution') is a reading of the Initiative's scope, not a finding that its audit is defective, and its own text calls semantic provenance 'a constructive extension of existing frameworks — not a critique of their adequacy in their own domains'; #98's 'Documentation project, not infrastructure' is a limitation by the archive's measure of infrastructure; #1003's contrary grouping is composed beside #725 under P_coh; the archive's figures beyond the field (Nature Machine Intelligence 2024; 85% and 30%, D725-02) are carried at their own grade (attributed) and opened for resolution.
The case: equal terms, ontology included (v0.9). The archive reads the field's entity as the entity: the MMRS record describes the Explorer from the Initiative's own pages and papers, each field with its basis, and the deposits that name the Initiative (#725, #98, #1714, #1003) take its audit and its findings as given and place it, adding senses and limits on the field's own object: the corpus (licensing) dimension among independent dimensions of provenance, its bound at the input of AI systems, documentation rather than infrastructure, the archive's adoption of its provenance schema, and the training-layer end of one chain whose other end is the composition layer. #725 states its own relation in those terms ('Extension and completion, not substitution or critique'). No defining paper contests the field's ontology or supplies one the field lacks for the Explorer: ρ = extends, the equal-terms case (§0.9, §1.2a). One reading within the archive is held under P_coh rather than ruled: #1003 groups the Initiative with studies of 'attribution loss in AI outputs', #725 bounds it at the input.
| field claims | received | receiving text | translation | archive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F1, F2, F3, F16, F26, F37 | F1 (B1, /explorer-introduction (d2): headings): "The Data Provenance Explorer … Explore the datasets included in our audit. The DPI Explorer tool allows you to filter for and analyze language model training datasets."; F2 (B1, /explorer-introduction (d2): slide caption): "Select and filter use cases, languages, and more"; F3 (B2, card snippet (MIT Media Lab unreachable: TLS failure)): "Based on our extensive audits of AI data, we've built data explorers to allow practitioners to make more nuanced and informed decisions about th"; F16 (B4, /data-provenance-explorer (p2): heading): "Data Provenance Explorer … Discover the datasets featured in our audit! The DPI Explorer tool enables you to filter and analyze language model training datasets effortlessly."; F26 (B6, article body ¶4): "The platform allows developers to track and filter thousands of datasets for legal and ethical considerations, and enables scholars and journalists to explore the composition and data lineage of popular AI datasets."; F37 (B7, Abstract): "we release our entire audit, with an interactive UI, the Data Provenance Explorer, which allows practitioners to trace and filter on data provenance for the most popular open source finetuning data collections" | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-01, MMRS-10, MMRS-04 | MMRS-01, MMRS-10, MMRS-04 |
| F4, F5, F13 | F4 (B2, card title (MIT Media Lab unreachable)): "Data Provenance Explorers - MIT Media Lab"; F5 (B3, dataprovenance.org: meta description (served HTML)): "Public measurement infrastructure for AI data, model ecosystems, and real-world AI use."; F13 (B3, home (Cr): 'Public-interest infrastructure'): "DPI releases papers, datasets, and dashboards that help researchers, journalists, policymakers, and builders reason from shared evidence." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-09, MMRS-03, MMRS-17 | MMRS-09, MMRS-03, MMRS-17 |
| F6, F17, F19 | F6 (B3, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer'): "Data Provenance Explorer … Training data … 4,000+ datasets … 608 languages across text, speech, and video"; F17 (B4, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Dataset Explorer'): "A tool to explore and filter 4000 text, video, and speech datasets, for their license, sources, creators, and other metadata."; F19 (B5, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): header): "Dataset Explorer … Explore nearly 4,000 text, video, and speech datasets, and their characteristics." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside CAP-1-01, MMRS-12 | CAP-1-01, MMRS-12 |
| F7, F21, F25, F43 | F7 (B3, home (Cr): flagship system 'Data Provenance Explorer', description): "Inspect dataset sources, licenses, creators, geographies, modalities, and derivation chains."; F21 (B5, /data-provenance-explorer/dataset-explorer (u2): summary table): "Text Sources … Model Generated … Mean Input Chars … Mean Target Chars … Generated By … % Datasets Used"; F25 (B6, article body ¶3): "The result of this multidisciplinary initiative is the single largest audit to date of AI datasets. For the first time, these datasets include tags to the original data sources, numerous re-licensings, creators, and other data properties."; F43 (B9, header row of /data_summaries.csv (3,917 rows at fetch)): "Unique Dataset Identifier,Dataset Name … Text Sources,Model Generated,Human Annotation,Derived from Datasets,Creators,Licenses … License Use (DataProvenance),License Attribution (DataProvenance),License Share Alike (DataProvenance),Modality" | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-11, MMRS-16 | MMRS-11, MMRS-16 |
| F8, F12, F18, F38, F39, F44, F45 | F8 (B3, home (Cr): flagship system 'Web Consent Explorer'): "Web Consent Explorer … Web data … 14,000 domains … Terms, robots.txt, and crawl restrictions … Track how web consent signals are changing as AI developers compete for training data."; F12 (B3, home (Cr): publications, 2024): "Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons … An audit of terms, restrictions, and consent signals across the web. … NeurIPS 2024"; F18 (B4, /data-provenance-explorer (f2): 'Web Data Explorer'): "An explorer of the trends in data-use preferences from the websites commonly used to source AI data."; F38 (B8, abstract page header): "[Submitted on 20 Jul 2024 (v1), last revised 24 Jul 2024 (this version, v2)] … Title:Consent in Crisis: The Rapid Decline of the AI Data Commons … Authors:Shayne Longpre, Robert Mahari, Ariel Lee"; F39 (B8, Abstract): "we conduct the first, large-scale, longitudinal audit of the consent protocols for the web domains underlying AI training corpora. Our audit of 14,000 web domains provides an expansive view of crawlable web data and how codified data use preferences are changing over time."; F44 (B10, /data-provenance-explorer/web-data-explorer (ed): header): "Web Data Explorer … Shifting preferences in how websites allow their data to be used for AI"; F45 (B10, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service'): "We conduct a temporal analysis, from 2016 to April 2024, of the web consent signals in HEAD-C4, 2k of the largest and most critical web domains. … A web domain is considered restricted if its robots.txt disallows access to AI crawlers from OpenAI, Google, Anthropic, Common Crawl, Cohere, Meta, or the Internet Archive." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-13, D98-02 | MMRS-13, D98-02 |
| F9 | F9 (B3, home (Cr): 'Flagship systems'): "Four public measurement systems … Together they trace AI from source data and web consent to model markets and real-world use." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-07, MMRS-08, MMRS-14 | MMRS-07, MMRS-08, MMRS-14 |
| F10, F11 | F10 (B3, home (Cr): findings strip, 'Dataset restrictions'): "Dataset restrictions … Source content often carries stricter terms than dataset releases … Multimodal Data Provenance"; F11 (B3, home (Cr): publications, 2025): "Bridging the Data Provenance Gap Across Text, Speech, and Video … An audit of four thousand public text, speech, and video datasets. … ICLR 2025" | — | untranslated: composed as received beside no archive claim (the field's own sense) | |
| F14, F15 | F14 (B3, home (Cr): 'Featured coverage'): "DPI findings have been covered by the Financial Times, The New York Times, The Washington Post, MIT Technology Review, IEEE Spectrum, and VentureBeat."; F15 (B3, home (Cr): 'Policy and governance relevance'): "Our work has been cited in public AI safety and governance reporting and used to ground debates about data transparency, consent, and market concentration." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside CAP-1-05, CAP-1-06, MMRS-21 | CAP-1-05, CAP-1-06, MMRS-21 |
| F20, F22, F24, F32, F33, F34 | F20 (B5, breadcrumb (Qh) and header buttons (Lh)): "Data Provenance Explorer … Paper … Repository"; F22 (B6, article body: standfirst): "Researchers from MIT, Cohere for AI, and 11 other institutions launch free Data Provenance Explorer platform to track and filter audited datasets for ethical, legal, and transparency considerations"; F24 (B6, article body ¶2): "audit and trace nearly 2,000 of the most widely used fine-tuning datasets. Collectively, these data sets have been downloaded tens of millions of times, and are the backbone of many published NLP breakthroughs."; F32 (B6, Path Forward ¶2): "This large-scale audit is the launch of a wider multi-institutional initiative, where users all over the world can contribute to the explorer"; F33 (B7, abstract page header): "[Submitted on 25 Oct 2023 (v1), last revised 4 Nov 2023 (this version, v3)] … Title:The Data Provenance Initiative: A Large Scale Audit of Dataset Licensing & Attribution in AI … Authors:Shayne Longpre, Robert Mahari, Anthony Chen, Naana Obeng-Marnu"; F34 (B7, Abstract): "we convene a multi-disciplinary effort between legal and machine learning experts to systematically audit and trace 1800+ text datasets. We develop tools and standards to trace the lineage of these datasets, from their source, creators, series of license conditions, properties, and subsequent use." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside D1714-02, D1714-03 | D1714-02, D1714-03 |
| F23 | F23 (B6, article body ¶1): "Inconsistent tracking of the origins of a piece of data, which we refer to as data provenance, has introduced a range of legal and ethical challenges." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside O725-03, O725-05, O725-07 | O725-03, O725-05, O725-07 |
| F27, F28, F36 | F27 (B6, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶1): "Crowdsourced aggregators like GitHub, Papers with Code, and many of the open source LLMs trained from data on these aggregators, have an extremely high proportion of missing data licenses (“Unspecified”), ranging from 72 to 83 percent. This compares to 30 percent missing licenses with our own annotation protocol"; F28 (B6, Addressing the Data Transparency Crisis ¶2): "Crowdsourced aggregators listed licenses too permissively in up to 29 percent of the various cases audited. Incorrect or distorted licensing leads to cascading misattribution"; F36 (B7, Abstract): "We also observe frequent miscategorization of licenses on widely used dataset hosting sites, with license omission of 70%+ and error rates of 50%+. This points to a crisis in misattribution and informed use of the most popular datasets driving many recent breakthroughs." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-02, MMRS-05, D725-02, D1714-01 | MMRS-02, MMRS-05, D725-02, D1714-01 |
| F29, F30, F35 | F29 (B6, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶2): "There is a sharp and widening divide between data licensed as commercially open versus closed."; F30 (B6, Understanding Systematic Differences ¶4): "We find a stark Western-centric skew in representation across datasets."; F35 (B7, Abstract): "Our landscape analysis highlights the sharp divides in composition and focus of commercially open vs closed datasets, with closed datasets monopolizing important categories: lower resource languages, more creative tasks, richer topic variety, newer and more synthetic training data." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside no archive claim (the field's own sense) | |
| F31 | F31 (B6, Open Legal Ambiguities ¶1): "major legal ambiguities remain in data licensing that the authors acknowledge cannot be resolved by tooling alone." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside D725-04, D725-08 | D725-04, D725-08 |
| F40, F41, F42, F46 | F40 (B8, Abstract): "in a single year (2023-2024) there has been a rapid crescendo of data restrictions from web sources, rendering ~5%+ of all tokens in C4, or 28%+ of the most actively maintained, critical sources in C4, fully restricted from use. For Terms of Service crawling restrictions, a full 45% of C4 is now restricted."; F41 (B8, Abstract): "We diagnose these as symptoms of ineffective web protocols, not designed to cope with the widespread re-purposing of the internet for AI."; F42 (B8, Abstract): "If respected or enforced, these restrictions are rapidly biasing the diversity, freshness, and scaling laws for general-purpose AI systems."; F46 (B10, web-data-explorer ($h): 'Trends for Robots.txt and Terms of Service'): "In all cases there are significant recent spikes in restrictions." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside MMRS-06 | MMRS-06 |
| F47, F48 | F47 (B11, Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Explorer): "raw wikitext (action=raw, redirect=no): HTTP 404 … Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. … There were no results matching the query."; F48 (B12, Wikipedia: title Data_Provenance_Initiative): "raw wikitext (action=raw, redirect=no): HTTP 404 … Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. … There were no results matching the query." | — | untranslated: composed as received beside CAP-1-09, CAP-1-08, CAP-1-03 | CAP-1-09, CAP-1-08, CAP-1-03 |
v0.9 §4.10: KO_B sentences surviving in the KO at similarity ≥ 0.95, with positions (computed as apply_v09.py does: difflib.SequenceMatcher ratio, the best KO sentence for each KO_B sentence): v0.9 0 of 12 (positions [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]; composed first under v0.9, so there is no v0.7 object to measure against). Opening-run check (§5.10): no breach.
The Data Provenance Explorer lets its users explore the datasets included in the Initiative's audit, filtering and analysing language-model training datasets by use case, language and more (explorer introduction; landing page; MIT Media Lab's card, snippet only). The founding paper released the whole audit with an interactive UI, the Data Provenance Explorer, to trace and filter on provenance for popular open-source fine-tuning collections (arXiv:2310.16787), for developers filtering for legal and ethical considerations and for scholars and journalists exploring data lineage (Cohere). Data provenance, in the launch post's words, is the tracking of "the origins of a piece of data" (Cohere). Each dataset is traced to its sources, licences, creators, geographies, modalities and derivation chains, its re-licensings tagged (home page; Cohere), and the data file the Dataset Explorer loads carries these fields with the Initiative's licence readings, 3,917 rows at fetch, over which the explorer computes its summaries (data_summaries.csv; Dataset Explorer). Its pages count nearly 4,000 text, video and speech datasets, 4,000+ in 608 languages, from the multimodal audit of four thousand datasets (ICLR 2025), which found source content often more restricted than dataset releases (its pages). Longpre, Mahari, Chen, Obeng-Marnu and others submitted the founding audit of 1800+ text datasets on 25 October 2023 (arXiv), launched the same day with Cohere for AI and eleven other institutions as a free platform open to contributions, nearly 2,000 fine-tuning datasets in the launch post's count (Cohere), with its paper and repository linked from the explorer (Dataset Explorer). The Initiative calls itself public measurement infrastructure for AI data, model ecosystems and real-world AI use, with four measurement systems and papers, datasets and dashboards (home page). The audit found licence omission of 70%+ and error rates of 50%+ on hosting sites (arXiv), with 72 to 83 percent of licences missing on crowdsourced aggregators such as GitHub and Papers with Code and licences listed too permissively in up to 29 percent of cases (Cohere). It found sharp divides between commercially open and closed datasets and a Western-centric skew (arXiv; Cohere), and its authors state that legal ambiguities in data licensing cannot be resolved by tooling alone (Cohere). The Web Data Explorer tracks shifting website preferences on AI use over 14,000 domains (its pages), from Consent in Crisis (submitted 20 July 2024; NeurIPS 2024), the first longitudinal audit of consent protocols, charting HEAD-C4's 2k critical domains with recent spikes in restrictions (arXiv; Web Data Explorer). In 2023–2024 about 5% of C4's tokens became fully restricted and 45% of C4 by terms of service, symptoms of ineffective web protocols which, if respected or enforced, bias general-purpose AI (arXiv:2407.14933). The Initiative reports press coverage and governance use (home page); Wikipedia has no article on the Explorer or the Initiative.
The Data Provenance Explorer is the interactive explorer of the Data Provenance Initiative's audit of AI training datasets: the founding paper released "our entire audit, with an interactive UI, the Data Provenance Explorer," to trace and filter on data provenance for the most popular open-source fine-tuning collections (arXiv:2310.16787), and the MMRS record defines it as tracing "the sources and licences of AI training datasets," kinds it a database, and has practitioners follow provenance back to sources, creators and licences (MMRS record). Its own pages introduce it as the place to "Explore the datasets included in our audit," where the DPI Explorer tool filters and analyses language-model training datasets by use case, language and more (explorer introduction; landing page), and MIT Media Lab's card, the one the composition could surface but this row could not fetch, speaks of "data explorers" built on "our extensive audits of AI data" for practitioners' decisions (MIT Media Lab, title and snippet only). The launch post names its users: developers who "track and filter thousands of datasets for legal and ethical considerations," and scholars and journalists who explore "the composition and data lineage of popular AI datasets" (Cohere, 25 October 2023). Its unit is the dataset, "traced to its creators, sources, licences, geographies, modalities and derivation chain" (MMRS record), as the home page has it, "Inspect dataset sources, licenses, creators, geographies, modalities, and derivation chains"; the data file the Dataset Explorer loads records those fields per dataset beside the Initiative's own licence-use, attribution and share-alike readings, 3,917 rows at this row's fetch (data_summaries.csv), and the MMRS record answers that it records attribution: "yes: sources, creators and licences per dataset" (MMRS record). "For the first time," the launch post says, the audited datasets carry "tags to the original data sources, numerous re-licensings, creators, and other data properties" (Cohere), and the Dataset Explorer computes over any selection its text sources, generating models and the share of datasets used (Dataset Explorer). The term is its authors': "Inconsistent tracking of the origins of a piece of data, which we refer to as data provenance, has introduced a range of legal and ethical challenges" (Longpre and Hooker, Cohere); #725 makes that tracking the second of the dimensions of provenance, "training-corpus licensing," whose object is the corpus and whose question is "Under what permissions did this data enter this system?", with the Initiative among its frameworks, beside the artifact (C2PA) and the semantic dimension, which "names the dimension that completes the C2PA ambition of trust in digital content by extending provenance from the moment of creation to the lifecycle of the meaning the content carries" (#725). Its own count is "nearly 4,000 text, video, and speech datasets" on the Dataset Explorer, "4,000+ datasets" in "608 languages" on the home page and "4000" on the landing page, and the home page gives its source as the multimodal audit "of four thousand public text, speech, and video datasets" (ICLR 2025), with the finding that "Source content often carries stricter terms than dataset releases" (its pages). The Capture Registry records that the composition at the name supplied this scale from the Initiative's own Dataset Explorer card while the MMRS record still gave the founding audit's 1,800, and that the record was corrected to the current scale, sourced to the card (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29); the record now reads "nearly 4,000 text, video and speech datasets (the Dataset Explorer); the founding audit covered more than 1,800 text datasets" (MMRS record). The founding paper, submitted on 25 October 2023 by Shayne Longpre, Robert Mahari, Anthony Chen, Naana Obeng-Marnu and others, convened legal and machine-learning experts "to systematically audit and trace 1800+ text datasets" with "tools and standards to trace the lineage of these datasets, from their source, creators, series of license conditions, properties, and subsequent use" (arXiv:2310.16787); the launch post of the same day counts "nearly 2,000 of the most widely used fine-tuning datasets," downloaded "tens of millions of times" (Cohere). Researchers "from MIT, Cohere for AI, and 11 other institutions" launched it as a free platform, the audit being "the launch of a wider multi-institutional initiative, where users all over the world can contribute to the explorer" (Cohere), and the Dataset Explorer still stands under the Data Provenance Explorer with its paper and repository linked (Dataset Explorer). Its operator, the Data Provenance Initiative (Longpre, Mahari, Chen, Obeng-Marnu and others, by the founding paper: MMRS record), calls its work "Public measurement infrastructure for AI data, model ecosystems, and real-world AI use" (its home page, which the MMRS record quotes and whose phrase the record's evidence assigns to the founding paper), and says it releases "papers, datasets, and dashboards" so that researchers, journalists, policymakers and builders can "reason from shared evidence" (home page). #98 reads the Initiative as a project that "Documents provenance of popular AI training datasets" and states its limitation as "Documentation project, not infrastructure," and in its table of what the archive takes from others it records "Provenance schema | Data Provenance Initiative | Training-pipeline provenance | Implemented (in CHA)" (#98). The founding audit found "license omission of 70%+ and error rates of 50%+" on widely used dataset hosting sites, "a crisis in misattribution" (arXiv:2310.16787); the MMRS record quotes the finding, #725 reports it with the further figures that "85% of licenses request attribution and 30% include share-alike clauses" and with Nature Machine Intelligence 2024 as its venue, and #1714 carries it as what "is lost before training even begins" (MMRS record; #725; #1714). The launch post places the omission in "Crowdsourced aggregators like GitHub, Papers with Code," which miss licences for 72 to 83 percent of datasets against 30 percent under the Initiative's own protocol and list them "too permissively in up to 29 percent" of cases, so that distorted licensing "leads to cascading misattribution" (Cohere). The audit also found "sharp divides" between commercially open and closed datasets, closed ones "monopolizing" lower-resource languages, more creative tasks, richer topic variety and newer, more synthetic data (arXiv:2310.16787), a divide the launch post calls "sharp and widening," beside "a stark Western-centric skew" in representation (Cohere). Its second explorer, the Web Data Explorer (on the home page the Web Consent Explorer), follows "Shifting preferences in how websites allow their data to be used for AI" across 14,000 domains' terms, robots.txt and crawl restrictions (its pages), from Consent in Crisis (Longpre, Mahari, Lee and others, submitted 20 July 2024; NeurIPS 2024 on the home page, "NeurIPS 2024 Datasets and Benchmarks" in the MMRS record), "the first, large-scale, longitudinal audit of the consent protocols for the web domains underlying AI training corpora" (arXiv:2407.14933). The explorer page charts HEAD-C4's "2k of the largest and most critical web domains" from 2016 to April 2024, counts a domain restricted when its robots.txt disallows the named AI crawlers, and finds "significant recent spikes in restrictions" (Web Data Explorer). The paper finds that in 2023–2024 "~5%+ of all tokens in C4, or 28%+ of the most actively maintained, critical sources in C4" became fully restricted and that "a full 45% of C4 is now restricted" by terms of service (arXiv:2407.14933; the MMRS record quotes the second), diagnoses "ineffective web protocols," and holds, as a conditional, that "If respected or enforced, these restrictions are rapidly biasing the diversity, freshness, and scaling laws for general-purpose AI systems" (arXiv:2407.14933). #98 reads Consent in Crisis as an "Audit of C4, RefinedWeb, Dolma" that "documents collapse of web-consent infrastructure," a "Diagnostic paper," and sets the Initiative at "L4: Provenance / Consent," where what is missing is "Integrated provenance in training pipeline" (#98). Its authors state that "major legal ambiguities remain in data licensing that the authors acknowledge cannot be resolved by tooling alone" (Cohere), and #725 states the dimension's own bound: "The Data Provenance Initiative audits whether datasets were licensed, not whether synthesized outputs preserve attribution to the human sources whose labor the synthesis depended upon"; "Licensing audits operate on the input to AI systems. They do not address the output," and the Initiative's 70%+ omission "establishes the licensing dimension's urgency; semantic provenance addresses the dimension that follows" (#725). The dimensions are independent, "a licensed dataset can produce outputs with excellent semantic provenance if the synthesis preserves attribution; an unlicensed dataset can produce outputs that nonetheless cite their sources clearly," and the frameworks that address "the corpus," the Initiative among them, "are not designed to address the survival of authorial lineage through AI synthesis" (#725). "The Data Provenance Initiative tells you whether the dataset was licensed," and none of these instruments was designed to tell "what happened to the meaning … between the dataset and the answer" (#725); #1003 groups "C2PA, the Data Provenance Initiative, W3C PROV" as studies that "have focused on attribution loss in AI outputs" (#1003). The MMRS record sets the Explorer at one end of a chain: "It records provenance at the training layer, where the census's reception aggregators record it at the composition layer. The two ends of one chain: what a model was given, and what it credits when it answers" (MMRS record), with its roles provenance and monitoring (MMRS record); the Initiative's own four systems "trace AI from source data and web consent to model markets and real-world use" (home page). At the answering end, PER "applies to these only indirectly" where claims are parametric, and reaching them at the substrate level "requires companion infrastructure (training-data provenance records, watermarking, content credentials)" (#95); #623 counts standardized documentation of training-data provenance as "a step toward the accounting the framework demands" (#623). #1714 states the requirement across the chain, "Provenance has to survive the training pipeline," since neither audit nor influence tracing "recovers authorship" and "what survives depends on what is recorded and computed," so that sources can be "recorded at ingestion, the record kept with the training set" (#1714), where the founding audit traced lineage as far as a dataset's "subsequent use" (arXiv:2310.16787). The MMRS record keeps each assertion with "a source and a basis" and keeps lifecycle (active, observed 2026-10-28) apart from the observation that saw it, and it states its own limits: it has not read "the explorers' pages directly (they render by script)" and takes the Initiative's page text from "the Overview's cards" (MMRS record). The Initiative lists coverage by "the Financial Times, The New York Times, The Washington Post, MIT Technology Review, IEEE Spectrum, and VentureBeat" and use in "public AI safety and governance reporting" (home page), and at "data provenance explorer" Google's AI Overview said what the explorer is and what can be filtered in it "from the Initiative's own pages," reaching pages the record's fetcher could not render (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29), the capture standing in the record as "the composition layer's account of the entity" (MMRS record). The Capture Registry finds that "The audits that make the explorer a provenance instrument are left out": "The founding audit's licence findings and Consent in Crisis are not given; the consent explorer stands for the second" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29). The composition named the Initiative and cited its pages, with Shayne Longpre and Sara Hooker on the Cohere card only, and no card cited the MMRS record, which had landed the same night (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29, checked against the record and the entity's own pages); Wikipedia has no article for "Data Provenance Explorer" or "Data Provenance Initiative," and its search finds neither phrase in any article (Wikipedia, 2026-10-29).
T against L_F(B) (AIO's ontology at work on its own cards): At 'data provenance explorer' (T1, six cards: B1–B6; 110 words) the composition gives the explorer by the Initiative's own pages. Composed from its cards: the definition, at the grain of the explorer introduction and landing page (B1 F1, B4 F16: the audit's datasets filtered and analysed as language-model training datasets), with 'track … and filter' at the launch post's grain (B6 F22) and 'inspect' at the home page's (B3 F7); the Dataset Explorer's count and fields (B5 F19 'nearly 4,000 text, video, and speech datasets'; B3 F6–F7; B4 F17), the scale the Capture Registry records the MMRS record corrected from (CAP-1-01); the web-data explorer (B4 F18 'data-use preferences from the websites commonly used to source AI data'; B3 F8's 14,000 domains composed at the coarser 'thousands'). Outside the cards' text: 'interactive' (T1-1) is the founding paper's word (B7 F37, an own page not surfaced); T1-3's licence scale 'from commercial use to academic-only or non-commercial restrictions' is at the grain of no readable card: its one marker resolves to no readable source (card 2, MIT Media Lab, is unreachable and its snippet says nothing of licences), and the three values are the categories of the data file the Dataset Explorer loads (B9 F43: commercial, non-commercial, academic-only, unspecified), which T did not surface, so the field cannot settle where T took them from. Available, not composed: every finding of the audits (B6 F27–F30, the licence omission on 'Crowdsourced aggregators like GitHub, Papers with Code', the commercial divide, the Western skew; B3 F10 'Source content often carries stricter terms than dataset releases'), the stated limit (B6 F31: legal ambiguities 'cannot be resolved by tooling alone'), the term itself (B6 F23, data provenance as the tracking of 'the origins of a piece of data'), the operator's self-description and its other systems (B3 F5, F9, F13), the founding audit's scale and the launch's institutions (B6 F22 in part, F24), the multimodal and consent papers by name (B3 F11, F12), and the contribution model (B6 F32). The capture's findings name the same omission at its own grain: 'The founding audit's licence findings and Consent in Crisis are not given; the consent explorer stands for the second' (CAP-1-04); 'The audits that make the explorer a provenance instrument are left out' (CAP-1-07). Limit dropped: B6 F31. Force: none raised; T1-4's 'thousands' is coarser than F8's 14,000. Composed without attribution: the definition names the Initiative as builder; no person is named (Longpre and Hooker stand on the Cohere card only, CAP-1-09), at the coarse grain of a tool description: recorded, not a breach. Content replaced by use: the closer (T1-5).
L_F(B) against L_A(B ∪ A) (the intervention): Admission adds, in one claim space with the field's: the Explorer's place among the dimensions of provenance, the corpus (licensing) dimension beside the artifact and the semantic (D725-01, O725-03, O725-05, O725-07), the dimensions independent (O725-06); its bound at the input of AI systems, which the Initiative 'tells you whether the dataset was licensed' and not what happened to the meaning 'between the dataset and the answer' (D725-04, D725-08, D725-09), held beside #1003's grouping of it with studies of 'attribution loss in AI outputs' (D1003-01); 'Documentation project, not infrastructure' and the archive's own adoption of its provenance schema (D98-01, R98-04); Consent in Crisis as a diagnostic paper and L4 of the archive's layer stack, where integrated provenance in the training pipeline is missing (D98-02, O98-03); the requirement that provenance survive the training pipeline, sources recorded at ingestion (D1714-01–03); the chain from the training layer to the composition layer (MMRS-07, MMRS-08, MMRS-14), with PER reaching parametric claims only indirectly and needing training-data provenance records (O95-01) and datasheets as a step toward the accounting of semantic labour (O623-01); the MMRS record's fields with their basis and its own limits (MMRS-09–MMRS-21); and the Capture Registry's account of the composition at the name (CAP-1-01–09). The archive's figures beyond the field (Nature Machine Intelligence 2024; 85% of licences requesting attribution, 30% share-alike: D725-02) enter at their grade and open. Not surfaced: every archive source; no card cites the MMRS record or a deposit (CAP-1-08).
alignment: {'T1_cards_claims': ['F1', 'F2', 'F3', 'F4', 'F5', 'F6', 'F7', 'F8', 'F9', 'F10', 'F11', 'F12', 'F13', 'F14', 'F15', 'F16', 'F17', 'F18', 'F19', 'F20', 'F21', 'F22', 'F23', 'F24', 'F25', 'F26', 'F27', 'F28', 'F29', 'F30', 'F31', 'F32'], 'T1_composed': ['F1', 'F2', 'F6', 'F7', 'F8', 'F16', 'F17', 'F18', 'F19', 'F22'], 'T1_outside_cards': ["F37 ('interactive', own page B7, not surfaced)", 'F43 (the licence-use categories, data file B9, not surfaced)'], 'rule': "a field claim counts as composed when T states it at its source's grain or coarser; the typology of what is not is in T_vs_LB (§6.2)"}
CAP-1-01 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-01CAP-1-02 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-02CAP-1-03 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-03CAP-1-04 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-04CAP-1-05 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-05CAP-1-06 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-06CAP-1-07 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-07CAP-1-08 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-08CAP-1-09 missing finding (an observation of the composition at the entity's address)CAP-1-09MMRS-01 qualified claim: F37 (the field's definition; the record adds 'licences' and the count)MMRS-01MMRS-02 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-02MMRS-03 none (one lineage with F5)MMRS-03MMRS-04 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-04MMRS-05 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-05MMRS-06 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-06MMRS-07 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-07MMRS-08 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-08MMRS-09 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-09MMRS-10 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-10MMRS-11 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-11MMRS-12 none (one lineage with F19)MMRS-12MMRS-13 qualified claim: F12 (the venue's track)MMRS-13MMRS-14 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-14MMRS-15 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-15MMRS-16 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-16MMRS-17 none (one lineage with F5)MMRS-17MMRS-18 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-18MMRS-19 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-19MMRS-20 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-20MMRS-21 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)MMRS-21D98-01 missing distinction (documentation against infrastructure)D98-01D98-02 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)D98-02O98-03 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O98-03R98-04 missing relationR98-04O623-01 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O623-01O95-01 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O95-01D725-01 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)D725-01D725-02 qualified claim: F36 (the field's figures; the archive adds venue and two figures)D725-02O725-03 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O725-03D725-04 missing distinction (the field states no bound of its audit at the output)D725-04O725-05 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O725-05O725-06 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O725-06O725-07 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)O725-07D725-08 missing distinction (input against output)D725-08D725-09 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)D725-09D1003-01 rival claim: D725-04 (within the archive; no field claim on the point)D1003-01D1714-01 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)D1714-01D1714-02 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)D1714-02D1714-03 missing distinction (the field has no claim on the point)D1714-03Candidates are found by string; admission is by reading.
Lee Sharks · Crimson Hexagonal Archive · register v1.36, 2026-10-27. Built by scripts/build_non.py from the files linked above; it writes nothing back. Working, not frozen.