Originator: Union Membership and Coverage Database · outside the archive (out-universe) · site · SPXI treatment: partial
no
image
THE DATABASE, SIGNED OUT, 2026-10-31: 'The Union Membership and Coverage Database is an annual internet data resource created and maintained by economists Barry Hirsch, David Macpherson, and William Even.' Source material; timeline; latest data; a request for the user's role. Three cards: the database, BLS, EPI.
Full record — 4,322 characters, 3 sources
Capture record
- captured
- 2026-10-31
- surface
- Google AI Overview
- auth state
- signed out, incognito
- evidence class
- paste
- PER (dimensional, rubric v1.1)
- PER 0.17 · M 0.00 · C 0.00 · D 1.00
- PER (historical scalar)
- 0.5
- PER units retained
- author, src
- citations read
- 3
- observation id
- OBS-e456f01bcece
- address id
- ADDR-54f491065ff1
Reading
The innocent reading first. Asked for the database, the Overview gives its makers, its source survey and series, and the latest figure.
Findings
- THE SERIES AT ITS GRAIN. The three start years (1973, 1983, 1986) are the database's own.
- THE TERMS NOT CARRIED. 'Use of data requires citation.' and 'CPS sample sizes are very small for some cells. Use such estimates cautiously.' (the database's pages). The composition asks the user's role ('academic research, labor organizing, policy analysis, or journalism') and does not carry the database's own conditions of use.
Analysis analyst prose, not machine text
Faithful on what the database is and where it comes from; its conditions of use, the citation it requires and the caution it attaches to small cells, are left out.
Machine text, verbatim
CAPTURE-TIME VERBATIM RECORD — paste of the Overview expanded, with its source cards · complete as supplied · READ IN FULL 2026-10-31
[Google AI Overview at the query, signed out and incognito (operator defaults of 2026-10-01 and 2026-10-14). The paste is the Overview expanded (the 'AI Mode Conversation' view).] The 'You said' line carries the query twice, run together, and is given once here. Inline links are Google redirect URLs, kept as pasted.
[QUERENT] Union Membership and Coverage Database
[SYSTEM] The [Union Membership and Coverage Database](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESTwHrOzAV3c1PEg41LTaG63FmpVX_ZVDhd_fL9SC2BNT1HW_5IAb-RBwzrCaK6OqjBKnbWXCqsRAjJ559c1E8ZB14Qu1mtz9Q7cAfptz5pxo) is an annual internet data resource created and maintained by economists Barry Hirsch, David Macpherson, and William Even. [1]
Key Details
* Source Material: Compiles private- and public-sector labor union membership, coverage, and density estimates from the monthly household Current Population Survey (CPS) using Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) methods. [1]
* Timeline Availability:
* Economy-wide estimates: 1973–present
* Estimates by state, detailed industry, and detailed occupation: 1983–present
* Estimates by metropolitan area: 1986–present [1]
* Latest Data: Compilations cover up through the recent CPS releases (with 2025 annual data showing overall U.S. union membership at 10.0% and 14.7 million members). [[1], [2]]
You can access and download historical tables or sector-specific datasets directly at [Unionstats.com](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESTwHrOzAV3c1PEg41LTaG63FmpVX_ZVDhd_fL9SC2BNT1HW_5IAb-RBwzrCaK6OqjBKnbWXCqsRAjJ559c1E8ZB14Qu1mtz9Q7cAfptz5pxo). For comprehensive breakdowns by state and industry tables through 2025, see the [Economic Policy Institute Union Membership Data](https://www.google.com/goto?url=CAESYgHrOzAVq0_pxzjSLMR9qH8wMwR2ynyxt-mIlUYdtFtoUTggsYLTaomYMyJNPgen5RtFVWs7EFvGkTpWhTVWat5PA6p1enwN0By4uE-3LTNnLND4lNsA6rq0nvWkNtfFG74R). [[1], [2]]
To help tailor this information, please let me know:
* Your role or use case (e.g., academic research, labor organizing, policy analysis, or journalism)
* The specific sector, state, or industry you are analyzing
Sharing these details will help me point you toward the exact data tables or metrics you need.
Union Membership and Coverage Database
Union Membership and Coverage Database
Union Membership and Coverage Database from the CPS (Unionstats.com) Barry Hirsch, Georgia State University David Macpherson, Trinity University William Even, M...
Bureau of Labor Statistics (.gov)
Sources (3) as cited, and as the copy produced them
Union Membership and Coverage Database third_party
Union Membership and Coverage Database
Bureau of Labor Statistics (.gov) third_party
Union Members Summary - 2025 A01 Results - Bureau of Labor Statistics
as pastedUnion Members Summary - 2025 A01 Results - Bureau of Labor Statistics
Feb 18, 2026 — By age, workers ages 45 to 54 had the highest union membership rate in 2025, at 12.6 percent. Younger workers--those ages 16 to 24--had the lowest union members...
Economic Policy Institute
Economic Policy Institute third_party
Union membership data | Economic Policy Institute
as pastedUnion membership data | Economic Policy Institute
Union membership data * About Support our work Donate * Wage suppression in 10 charts The Cost of Deportations Calculator * Table 1: Union membership and union ...