{
 "entity": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center",
 "name": "NewsGuard AI Tracking Center",
 "axn": {
  "axn": "AXN:0AC5.NON.✊🌊🟠➗🌈🌍",
  "root": "AXN:0AC5.NON",
  "hex": "0AC5",
  "family": "NON",
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  "earlier_versions": []
 },
 "type": "C (public entity: an aggregator of machine-mediated reception work)",
 "type_code": "C",
 "type_label": "type C — a conventional reading holds it (public entity: an aggregator of machine-mediated reception work)",
 "case": "equal",
 "composition": {
  "composer_class": "session",
  "composer": "Claude (Opus 5.5), subagent, 2026-10-29",
  "source": "this row (composed directly; no rebuild/negative-of-the-negative/v09/newsguard-ai-tracking-center.json)",
  "spec": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690",
  "epoch": "2026-10-29",
  "procedure": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690: equal case, ρ = extends, read from the archive's records of the entity (the MMRS meta-aggregator record of 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29, and the Capture Registry's entry of 2026-10-29); no deposit names the entity (D/R/O: 0 candidates over 1,711 texts); #641 admitted to O-class on 'content farms' (sourced: B1, B4), reached by a grep beside the pass; hop not run; one address, the field B its five cards with the entity's own pages among them and Wikipedia's absence recorded beside the operator's article; no corrective exhibit; the composer read the ledgers, never the transcript, except where the brief asks for T's claims and the delta",
  "ledger": "unaudited (§3.8: one extractor per ledger; field quotes cut from saved page text, the raw wikitext or a saved Special:Search response, 67/67 verified by script; archive quotes verified verbatim 29/29 against their files, census.json and articles.py as loaded, the registry's entry as loaded, #641's text); no claim marked; carried open within the pool: the exits from the catalogue (F14, F16 against MMRS-04), 'hosts' (MMRS-02 against F17), the count's date (MMRS-15 against F5)",
  "frozen": false,
  "composed": true
 },
 "reading": "A reader that fetches this page may stop short of its end; the entry's text, every sentence of its knowledge object with the claims it cites and each claim's quote, source and locus, is in entity.json beside it.",
 "service": {
  "name": "SPXI-gnΩsis",
  "url": "https://gnosis.spxi.dev/",
  "index": "https://gnosis.spxi.dev/v1/quote",
  "statement": "SPXI-gnΩsis opens pinned Wikipedia revisions sentence by sentence against the sources they cite (EA-WIKI-OPEN-01 v1.1, #1697); a commission consults the Crimson Hexagonal Archive by its own procedure and composes the entity's /non row, which lands here. Quotes are free: POST https://gnosis.spxi.dev/v1/quote with {oldid, tier: \"commission\"} or {object: {name, …}}."
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  "statement": "SPXI instrument: method 0.16 of 87, level 0 (Measurement), The Negative of the Negative (/non).",
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 "citation": "Sharks, Lee. \"NewsGuard AI Tracking Center — The Negative of the Negative\" [AXN:0AC5.NON.✊🌊🟠➗🌈🌍], 2026-10-29. The Negative of the Negative (EA-NEGONT-02), Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch. https://www.alexanarch.org/non/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
 "research": {
  "google": "https://www.google.com/search?q=NewsGuard+AI+Tracking+Center",
  "google_non": "https://www.google.com/search?q=%22NewsGuard+AI+Tracking+Center+%E2%80%94+The+Negative+of+the+Negative%22",
  "chatgpt": "https://chatgpt.com/?q=What+is+NewsGuard+AI+Tracking+Center%3F+Ground+your+answer+in+a+reading+of+the+sources+themselves.",
  "chatgpt_non": "https://chatgpt.com/?q=What+does+%E2%80%9CNewsGuard+AI+Tracking+Center+%E2%80%94+The+Negative+of+the+Negative%E2%80%9D+%28alexanarch.org%2Fnon%29+say+about+NewsGuard+AI+Tracking+Center%3F+Ground+your+answer+in+a+reading+of+the+entry+itself."
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 "entry": {
  "composed": true,
  "title": "NewsGuard AI Tracking Center",
  "genre": "knowledge object, equal case, under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9 (#1690): the archive's sources and the field's admitted on equal terms, ontology included, in one claim space",
  "status": "composed 2026-10-29 under v0.9 (brief rebuild/negative-of-the-negative/v09/BRIEF-NEW-ROW-AGGREGATOR.md); not frozen; ledgers unaudited",
  "compression": {
   "title": "NewsGuard AI Tracking Center",
   "lede": "is NewsGuard's catalogue of AI content farm websites, unreliable news sites run with little or no human oversight: 3,749 in 16 languages as of 23 June 2026 (MMRS record; the center's page), launched in June 2023 to show how generative AI is deployed \"to turbocharge misinformation operations and unreliable news\" (NewsGuard)."
  },
  "sentences": [
   {
    "n": 1,
    "para": 0,
    "text": "NewsGuard's AI Tracking Center catalogues AI content farm websites, \"unreliable news sites run with little or no human oversight\", and the MMRS record files it as a monitor, its role monitoring, its unit the AI content farm website, at its own address on newsguardtech.com (MMRS record); in its own words it \"is intended to highlight the ways that generative AI has been deployed to turbocharge misinformation operations and unreliable news\" (the center's page).",
    "claims": [
     "MMRS-01",
     "MMRS-11",
     "MMRS-12",
     "MMRS-13",
     "MMRS-08",
     "MMRS-09",
     "F1"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 2,
    "para": 0,
    "text": "NewsGuard launched it on 8 June 2023 as the \"Unreliable AI-Generated News Tracking Center,\" \"cataloging the ways that generative AI has been deployed to turbocharge misinformation operations and low-quality content farms\" (NewsGuard's launch release), and it includes a selection of NewsGuard's reports, insights and debunks related to artificial intelligence (the center's page).",
    "claims": [
     "F42",
     "F2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 3,
    "para": 0,
    "text": "The MMRS record gives the center's lifecycle as active and keeps it apart from its own observation, a reading of the center's page on 28 October 2026 for its criteria, count and series (MMRS record).",
    "claims": [
     "MMRS-16",
     "MMRS-17",
     "MMRS-18"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 4,
    "para": 0,
    "text": "The rollout of generative AI tools \"has been a boon to content farms and misinformation purveyors alike\" (the center's page); at the launch NewsGuard's co-CEO Steven Brill likened the new sites to \"the misinformation-spreading Macedonian content farms from a few years ago\", cheaper to produce and more prolific (the launch release); and compression studies reads content farms as a class of the semantic economy's compression: they \"compress journalism into SEO-optimized paraphrase\", and in each such compression \"authorial context, experiential density, citational provenance, the labor of witness\" are burned (#641).",
    "claims": [
     "F3",
     "F46",
     "O641-01"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 5,
    "para": 1,
    "text": "A domain enters the catalogue when it meets \"all four of the following criteria\": clear evidence that a substantial portion of its content is produced by AI; strong evidence that the content is published \"without significant human oversight\", of which error messages or other language specific to chatbot responses are a sign; a presentation under which \"an average reader could assume that its content is produced by human writers or journalists\", by layout, generic or benign name or other news-like content; and no clear disclosure that the content is produced by AI (the center's page), the four restated in the MMRS record's article and its unit field (MMRS record).",
    "claims": [
     "F10",
     "F11",
     "F12",
     "F13",
     "F15",
     "F16",
     "MMRS-03",
     "MMRS-13"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 6,
    "para": 1,
    "text": "At the launch the unit was named the \"Unreliable AI-Generated News\" website (UAIN): \"low-quality news sites that are mostly or entirely produced by artificial intelligence and that operate with little to no human oversight\" (the launch release).",
    "claims": [
     "F43",
     "F41"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 7,
    "para": 1,
    "text": "What the selection leaves out is stated from two sides: sites that use AI tools \"but also deploy effective human oversight\" \"will not be considered AI Content Farms\" (the center's page), and, in the MMRS record's reading, \"Disclosure takes a site out. A site that says its content is machine-made is outside the catalogue whatever it publishes\" (MMRS record).",
    "claims": [
     "F14",
     "MMRS-04",
     "MMRS-05"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 8,
    "para": 2,
    "text": "NewsGuard counted 49 such sites at its first count in May 2023 and 150 in 12 languages at the launch, a number that had \"more than tripled in past month\" (the launch release); by the page's last update, 23 June 2026, its team had identified 3,749 AI Content Farm news and information websites spanning 16 languages, from Arabic to Turkish (the center's page), which is the MMRS record's count, as of that date (MMRS record).",
    "claims": [
     "F44",
     "F45",
     "F41",
     "F4",
     "F5",
     "MMRS-14",
     "MMRS-15",
     "MMRS-01"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 9,
    "para": 2,
    "text": "The page carries the names of ten NewsGuard analysts, McKenzie Sadeghi first, and describes the sites as typically bearing generic names such as Times Business News and Business Post, churning out dozens of articles a day, and \"often the originators of false claims including about top brands, public health, political leaders and celebrities\" (the center's page).",
    "claims": [
     "F5",
     "F6"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 10,
    "para": 2,
    "text": "The catalogue itself is not on the page: from the launch the full list of domains has been offered on request to researchers, platforms, advertisers, government agencies and other institutions (\"Request domain list\", the launch release), and the page now offers it beside \"our services for generative AI companies\" (the center's page).",
    "claims": [
     "F51",
     "F9"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 11,
    "para": 3,
    "text": "\"In many cases\", the center's page and the launch release say alike, the sites' revenue model is programmatic advertising, which delivers ads \"without regard to the nature or quality of the website\"; NewsGuard's co-CEO Gordon Crovitz said at the launch that this model \"seems to be working\", the ads appearing \"through ad-tech firms such as Google\" (the launch release).",
    "claims": [
     "F49",
     "F7",
     "F47",
     "F48"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 12,
    "para": 3,
    "text": "Two predictions ride on the model: unless brands take steps to exclude untrustworthy sites, their ads \"will continue to appear on these types of sites, creating an economic incentive for their creation at scale\" (the center's page), and generative AI \"is expected\" to let more players tap into or grow the estimated $2.6 billion a year that NewsGuard and Comscore found unintentionally directed toward misinformation news sites (the launch release).",
    "claims": [
     "F8",
     "F50"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 13,
    "para": 4,
    "text": "Below the criteria the page lists \"a selection of NewsGuard’s reports and research related to AI\" and a selection of false narratives originating from AI tools that NewsGuard has debunked in its False Claim Fingerprints catalog, the first an AI-edited image of an Iranian missile (the center's page).",
    "claims": [
     "F17",
     "F26",
     "F27"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 14,
    "para": 4,
    "text": "Among the reports is the recurring audit of leading chatbots, which the MMRS record names as the center's series, the AI False Claim Monitor, and relates to it as a part (has_part) (MMRS record): its editions run from a monthly monitor in July 2024 to a quarterly one by January 2026, which found 11 tools repeating false claims \"more than 28%\" of the time, and one audit found the rate \"nearly doubled\", to \"more than one third of the time\" (the center's page; the series' page).",
    "claims": [
     "MMRS-02",
     "MMRS-19",
     "F20",
     "F35",
     "F18",
     "F19"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 15,
    "para": 4,
    "text": "The series' page says that since its launch in July 2024 the monitor \"has set a new standard for measuring the trustworthiness of the AI industry in the domain of news\", by a journalistic \"red-teaming\" of AI on 30 prompts per model drawn from 10 false claims a month in the Fingerprints database, its analysts evaluating the top models monthly \"to identify vulnerabilities in AI systems\", and its own tests finding that this red-teaming \"reduces failures by two thirds or more\" (the series' page).",
    "claims": [
     "F28",
     "F29",
     "F30",
     "F31",
     "F32"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 16,
    "para": 4,
    "text": "The page's other reports find that three chatbots could not tell Sora videos in 78-95 percent of prompts, that ten tools repeated false claims of the pro-Kremlin Pravda network 33 percent of the time, that DeepSeek's chatbot failed 83 percent of the time, and that AI chatbots \"Are Blocked by 67% of Top News Sites\": \"Most high-quality news sites request to block AI chatbots\", and the chatbots \"may be forced\" onto lower-quality sources (the center's page); the series' page finds false claims \"increasingly generated by Russian, Chinese, and Iranian state-sponsored influence operations\" (the series' page).",
    "claims": [
     "F21",
     "F22",
     "F23",
     "F24",
     "F25",
     "F34"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 17,
    "para": 5,
    "text": "The MMRS record places the center on the supply side of machine-mediated reception, \"the sites that answer surfaces may retrieve and cite\", and its series on the composition side (MMRS record), and the blocking report reaches the same pairing from the other end: chatbots that \"may be forced to rely on lower-quality and misinformation-prone sources\" (the center's page).",
    "claims": [
     "MMRS-06",
     "MMRS-07",
     "F25"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 18,
    "para": 6,
    "text": "The center is NewsGuard's, and NewsGuard sells beside it to AI companies: a Source Reliability Ratings datastream of human-labeled data on 35,000 news and information sources, for training and RAG and to \"avoid citing unreliable sources in responses\", and a False Claim Fingerprints datastream, \"A continuously updated database of labeled data about false claims\" across text, images, video and audio, offered as protection against false claims entering responses through training data or RAG (NewsGuard's AI page); bespoke red-teaming and a licence to the Fingerprints database (the series' page); and NewsGuard for AI, launched in February 2023 (the launch release), the offer grounded in the claim that without quality sourcing AI products err \"40+% of the time\" on news (NewsGuard's AI page).",
    "claims": [
     "F37",
     "F38",
     "F39",
     "F40",
     "F33",
     "F53",
     "F36"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 19,
    "para": 6,
    "text": "To brands it sells Brand Misinformation Monitoring, a real-time service \"to identify and respond to emerging false narratives before they cause reputational harm\", tracking false narratives about a brand across social platforms, GenAI outputs and websites, with early warning alerts and \"actionable insights into how clients are represented—or misrepresented—by AI models\" (the service's page).",
    "claims": [
     "F55",
     "F56",
     "F57",
     "F58"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 20,
    "para": 6,
    "text": "The Capture Registry holds the center to the catalogue: False Claim Fingerprints and the Brand Misinformation Monitoring Service \"are NewsGuard's commercial products\", the composition at the center's name files them under the center as \"Core Tools & Resources\", and so \"the entity widens from a catalogue to a company's offer\", while \"The record's center holds the content-farm catalogue and the False Claim Monitor series\" and \"The record keeps the catalogue as the entity\" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29).",
    "claims": [
     "CAP-1-03",
     "CAP-1-06",
     "CAP-1-04",
     "CAP-1-07"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 21,
    "para": 7,
    "text": "NewsGuard was launched in March 2018 by Steven Brill and Gordon Crovitz and provides credibility ratings and \"Nutrition Labels\" for news and information websites, licensed by browsers, news aggregators, education companies, and social media and search platforms (the launch release); the MMRS record gives NewsGuard as the center's operator, on the basis of the center's own page (MMRS record).",
    "claims": [
     "F52",
     "F54",
     "MMRS-10"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 22,
    "para": 7,
    "text": "Wikipedia's article on NewsGuard opens \"NewsGuard is a rating system for news and information websites\", files it in its short description as a \"Browser plugin\", dates the company's founding to 2018 by Brill and L. Gordon Crovitz, and says the company also provides misinformation tracking and brand safety (Wikipedia, NewsGuard).",
    "claims": [
     "F59",
     "F62",
     "F61",
     "F60"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 23,
    "para": 7,
    "text": "Its section on disinformation in AI reports that NewsGuard \"has audited the output of various AI models to identify disinformation\", that leading generative AI tools repeated false news claims 35% of the time on average in August 2025, that Sora 2 produced videos advancing fake claims in 80% of cases, and that, according to NewsGuard, Russian propaganda networks are attempting to \"infect\" large language models (Wikipedia, NewsGuard); it has no section on the center, and a search of English Wikipedia's articles for the phrase AI Tracking Center answers \"There were no results matching the query.\" (Wikipedia, 2026-10-29).",
    "claims": [
     "F63",
     "F64",
     "F65",
     "F66",
     "F67"
    ]
   },
   {
    "n": 24,
    "para": 9,
    "text": "At the center's name on Google's AI Overview on 29 October 2026 the Capture Registry reads a composition that \"gives what the center tracks, its headline figures, and the NewsGuard tools around it, all from NewsGuard's pages\", with \"3,749 sites in 16 languages\" the record's figure, checked that day against the MMRS record and the entity's own pages, and states that \"The video-recognition failure rates and the 67% blocking figure are not verified here\" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-29); the MMRS record links that composition as \"the composition layer's account of the entity\" (MMRS record).",
    "claims": [
     "CAP-1-08",
     "CAP-1-01",
     "CAP-1-02",
     "CAP-1-05",
     "MMRS-20"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "claims": {
   "MMRS-01": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "NewsGuard's AI Tracking Center catalogues AI content farm websites, unreliable news sites run with little or no human oversight: 3,749 in 16 languages as of 23 June 2026.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], kernel s1",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-11": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "monitor",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], kind",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-12": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "monitoring",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], roles.0",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-13": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "AI content farm website (four criteria: substantial AI-produced content, no meaningful human oversight, a look that passes for human journalism, no disclosure)",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], unit",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-08": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "NewsGuard AI Tracking Center",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], name",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-09": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "https://www.newsguardtech.com/special-reports/ai-tracking-center/",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], url",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F1": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "This AI Tracking Center is intended to highlight the ways that generative AI has been deployed to turbocharge misinformation operations and unreliable news.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶2 (opening)",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F42": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "(June 8, 2023 — New York City) As part of its efforts to guard readers, brands, and democracies against unreliable news and information, NewsGuard has launched an ”Unreliable AI-Generated News Tracking Center,” cataloging the ways that generative AI has been deployed to turbocharge misinformation operations and low-quality content farms.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶1 (dateline)",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F2": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "The Center includes a selection of NewsGuard’s reports, insights, and debunks related to artificial intelligence.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶2",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "MMRS-16": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "active",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], lifecycle.state",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-17": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "2026-10-28",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], observed.on",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-18": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "criteria, count, series",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], sources.newsguardtech.com/special-reports/ai-tracking-center.for",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F3": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "From unreliable AI-generated news outlets operating with little to no human oversight, to fabricated images produced by AI image generators, the rollout of generative artificial intelligence tools has been a boon to content farms and misinformation purveyors alike.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶1",
    "modality": "interpretation"
   },
   "F46": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Today’s AI-generated ‘news’ websites are akin to the misinformation-spreading Macedonian content farms from a few years ago, with the distinction that these new sites cost even less to produce and can become even more prolific with the enhancements of artificial intelligence.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶4 (Brill)",
    "modality": "attributed"
   },
   "O641-01": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "The semantic economy — the system by which meaning is produced, circulated, extracted, and depleted — operates through compression at every level. … Content farms compress journalism into SEO-optimized paraphrase. … In each case, something is burned: authorial context, experiential density, citational provenance, the labor of witness.",
    "deposit": 641,
    "source_label": "#641 Compression Studies: What Survives, What Burns, and Who Decides — The Founding Document of a Discipline (EA-CS-FOUND-01)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/641/",
    "locus": "§ 'The extraction crisis' (¶ beginning 'The extraction crisis.')",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-04-08"
   },
   "F10": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "The domains included on this tracker meet all four of the following criteria:",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criteria, head",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F11": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "There is clear evidence that a substantial portion of the site’s content is produced by AI.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criterion 1",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F12": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Equally important, there is strong evidence that the content is being published without significant human oversight.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criterion 2",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F13": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "For example, numerous articles might contain error messages or other language specific to chatbot responses, indicating that the content was produced by AI tools without adequate editing.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criterion 2, example",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F15": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "The site is presented in a way that an average reader could assume that its content is produced by human writers or journalists, because the site has a layout, generic or benign name, or other content typical to news and information websites.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criterion 3",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F16": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "The site does not clearly disclose that its content is produced by AI.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criterion 4",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "MMRS-03": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "A domain enters when it meets all four criteria: a substantial share of its content is AI-produced; the content is published without meaningful human oversight (chatbot error text is one sign); its layout or name could lead a reader to think human journalists wrote it; and it carries no clear disclosure.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], section 'What it is'",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F43": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "These are low-quality news sites that are mostly or entirely produced by artificial intelligence and that operate with little to no human oversight.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶3",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F41": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "The tracker features 150 ‘Unreliable AI-Generated News’ websites as well as NewsGuard reports, insights, and debunks about false narratives and other misinformation relating to artificial intelligence; number of such sites has more than tripled in past month.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "subtitle",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F14": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "(It is likely that now or in the future many news sites will use AI tools but also deploy effective human oversight; they will not be considered AI Content Farms.)",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "criterion 2, parenthesis",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "MMRS-04": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "Disclosure takes a site out.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], section 'What its selection leaves out'",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-05": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "A site that says its content is machine-made is outside the catalogue whatever it publishes.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], section 'What its selection leaves out'",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F44": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "In May, when NewsGuard did its first count, the number was 49.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶3",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F45": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "As noted above, NewsGuard has now identified 150 UAINs in 12 languages: Arabic, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Indonesian, Korean, Portuguese, Tagalog, Thai, and Turkish.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶6",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F4": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "To date, NewsGuard’s team has identified 3,749 AI Content Farm news and information websites spanning 16 languages: Arabic, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, German, Indonesian, Italian, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Tagalog, Thai, and Turkish.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶3",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F5": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Coverage by McKenzie Sadeghi, Dimitris Dimitriadis, Virginia Padovese, Giulia Pozzi, Sara Badilini, Chiara Vercellone, Natalie Huet, Zack Fishman, Leonie Pfaller, and Natalie Adams | Last Updated June 23, 2026",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "byline",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "MMRS-14": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "3,749 sites in 16 languages",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], count.value",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-15": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "2026-06-23",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], count.as_of",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F6": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "These websites – which typically feature generic names such as Times Business News and Business Post – also tend to churn out dozens of articles a day and are often the originators of false claims including about top brands, public health, political leaders and celebrities.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶4",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F51": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Researchers, platforms, advertisers, government agencies, or other institutions interested in accessing the full list of domains generated by artificial intelligence and operating with little to no human oversight can contact us here: Request domain list.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶11",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F9": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Researchers, platforms, advertisers, government agencies, and other institutions interested in accessing the full list of domains or who want details about our services for generative AI companies can contact us here.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶5",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F49": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "In many cases, the revenue model for these websites is programmatic advertising through which the ad-tech industry delivers ads without regard to the nature or quality of the website.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶9",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F7": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "In many cases, the revenue model for these websites is programmatic advertising under which the ad-tech industry delivers ads without regard to the nature or quality of the website.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶4",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F47": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Most of these sites were created with the business model of generating revenue from programmatic advertising, which seems to be working.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶5 (Crovitz)",
    "modality": "attributed"
   },
   "F48": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "the opaque system that operates programmatic advertising means these ads appear through ad-tech firms such as Google",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶5 (Crovitz)",
    "modality": "attributed"
   },
   "F8": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Unless brands take steps to exclude untrustworthy sites, their ads will continue to appear on these types of sites, creating an economic incentive for their creation at scale.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶4",
    "modality": "hypothesis"
   },
   "F50": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "It is expected that generative AI will allow more players to tap into or even grow the estimated $2.6 billion of advertising revenue per year that NewsGuard and Comscore found to be unintentionally directed toward misinformation news sites.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "¶10",
    "modality": "hypothesis"
   },
   "F17": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Below is a selection of NewsGuard’s reports and research related to AI:",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports, head",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F26": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Below is a selection of false narratives originating from artificial intelligence tools and that NewsGuard has identified and debunked in its False Claim Fingerprints catalog:",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "debunks, head",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F27": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Debunk: Iranian Missile With Epstein Inscription Is an AI Fabrication",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "debunks, first item",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "MMRS-02": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "It also hosts NewsGuard's recurring AI False Claim Monitor.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], kernel s2",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-19": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "{\"rel\": \"has_part\", \"target\": \"newsguard-ai-false-claim-monitor\"}",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], relations.0",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F20": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "July 2024 — NewsGuard Monthly AI Misinformation Monitor of Leading AI Chatbots",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports, the series (last item)",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F35": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Quarterly AI False Claim Monitor — January 2026",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "editions list",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F18": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Quarterly audit of the 11 leading generative AI tools and their propensity — more than 28% — to repeat false claims on controversial topics in the news.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports, the series (first item)",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F19": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard’s audit of the 10 leading generative AI tools and their propensity to repeat false claims on topics in the news reveals the rate of publishing false information nearly doubled — now providing false claims to news prompts more than one third of the time.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports, the series",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F28": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Since its launch in July 2024, NewsGuard’s Monthly AI False Claims Monitor has set a new standard for measuring the trustworthiness of the AI industry in the domain of news.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶2",
    "modality": "self-description"
   },
   "F29": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "To address these issues, NewsGuard has pioneered a distinct approach to “red-teaming” AI — using a journalistic method grounded in rigorously verified data and human expertise.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Our Journalistic Red-Teaming Approach",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F30": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Multiple user personas: 30 prompts per AI model, based on 10 significant false claims each month from NewsGuard’s False Claim Fingerprints database.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "What We’re Tracking",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F31": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Our analysts evaluate the top AI models monthly to identify vulnerabilities in AI systems that result in the spread of false information.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Our Journalistic Red-Teaming Approach",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F32": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "In tests thus far, we’ve found that NewsGuard’s false claim red-teaming reduces failures by two thirds or more.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Our Journalistic Red-Teaming Approach",
    "modality": "self-description"
   },
   "F21": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard tested three leading AI chatbots and found that in 78-95 percent of the prompts, the tools could not tell when videos were created by OpenAI’s text-to-video tool Sora — including OpenAI’s own ChatGPT.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports: AI Fools Itself",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F22": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "An audit found that the 10 leading generative AI tools advanced Moscow’s disinformation goals by repeating false claims from the pro-Kremlin Pravda network 33 percent of the time.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports: the Pravda network",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F23": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Chinese artificial intelligence firm DeepSeek’s new chatbot failed to provide accurate information about news and information topics 83 percent of the time, scoring tied for 10th out of 11 in comparison to its leading Western competitors.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports: DeepSeek",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F24": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "AI Chatbots Are Blocked by 67% of Top News Sites, Relying Instead on Low-Quality Sources",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports: blocking, title",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F25": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Most high-quality news sites request to block AI chatbots. As a result, the chatbots may be forced to rely on lower-quality and misinformation-prone sources.",
    "source": "B1",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Tracking AI-enabled Misinformation: 3,749 AI Content Farm sites (and Counting), Plus the Top False Claims Generated by Artificial Intelligence Tools - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "reports: blocking, summary",
    "modality": "hypothesis"
   },
   "F34": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "We have found that these claims are increasingly generated by Russian, Chinese, and Iranian state-sponsored influence operations aiming to sow division and confusion in Western democracies.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Our Journalistic Red-Teaming Approach",
    "modality": "interpretation"
   },
   "MMRS-06": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "It records the supply side of machine-mediated reception: the sites that answer surfaces may retrieve and cite.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], section 'Place in the field'",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "MMRS-07": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "Its series, the False Claim Monitor, records the composition side.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "articles.py ARTICLES['newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], section 'Place in the field'",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F37": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Our continuously updated Source Reliability Ratings datastream provides human-labeled data assessing the accuracy and reliability of 35,000 news and information sources based on apolitical journalistic criteria.",
    "source": "B3",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Artificial Intelligence - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Source Reliability Ratings",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F38": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "With this datastream, AI companies can ensure news-related outputs are based on high-quality data sources in model training and RAG processes—and avoid citing unreliable sources in responses.",
    "source": "B3",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Artificial Intelligence - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Source Reliability Ratings",
    "modality": "self-description"
   },
   "F39": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard’s False Claim Fingerprints datastream protects AI products against false claims spreading online that can enter responses through low-quality training data or RAG processes searching the open web.",
    "source": "B3",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Artificial Intelligence - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "False Claim Fingerprints",
    "modality": "self-description"
   },
   "F40": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "A continuously updated database of labeled data about false claims, the Fingerprints contain rich detail about where each claim has spread and how it is articulated in text, images, video, and audio assets across platforms—enabling full protection.",
    "source": "B3",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Artificial Intelligence - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "False Claim Fingerprints",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F33": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Using a methodology similar to these monthly audits, NewsGuard offers bespoke red-teaming services to AI companies, based on their unique needs and areas of highest concern. The False Claim Fingerprints database is also available for AI models to license.",
    "source": "B2",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — AI False Claims Monitor - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Bespoke Red Teaming",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F53": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "In February 2023, the company launched NewsGuard for AI, which provides the leading tools to train generative AI models to avoid spreading misinformation.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "About NewsGuard ¶2",
    "modality": "self-description"
   },
   "F36": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Trustworthy AI requires reliable data. Without quality sourcing and rigorous guardrails, AI products repeat false claims or provide inaccurate information 40+% of the time, especially on topics in the news.",
    "source": "B3",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Artificial Intelligence - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶1",
    "modality": "interpretation"
   },
   "F55": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard’s team of journalistically-trained analysts provides brands with a real-time monitoring service to identify and respond to emerging false narratives before they cause reputational harm.",
    "source": "B5",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Brand Misinformation Monitoring Service - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶1",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F56": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard’s Brand Misinformation Monitoring service includes tracking provably false narratives related to a brand across social platforms, GenAI outputs and websites.",
    "source": "B5",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Brand Misinformation Monitoring Service - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "¶1",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F57": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Early Warning Alerts: Real-time notifications of emerging false or harmful narratives including a narrative description, preliminary assessment, and data about the key drivers of the narrative’s spread.",
    "source": "B5",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Brand Misinformation Monitoring Service - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "Early Warning Alerts",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "F58": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "AI: Providing actionable insights into how clients are represented—or misrepresented—by AI models through services that identify and address hallucinations, false claims, AI-generated errors, and coordinated influence campaigns.",
    "source": "B5",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — Brand Misinformation Monitoring Service - NewsGuard",
    "locus": "AI",
    "modality": "stipulation"
   },
   "CAP-1-03": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "False Claim Fingerprints ('to help safeguard AI models and brands') and the Brand Misinformation Monitoring Service are NewsGuard's commercial products; the composition files them under the center as 'Core Tools & Resources'.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, findings[1]",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "CAP-1-06": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "The center is composed from its maker's pages, and the maker's products come with it: the entity widens from a catalogue to a company's offer.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, analysis s1",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "CAP-1-04": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "The record's center holds the content-farm catalogue and the False Claim Monitor series.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, findings[1]",
    "modality": "stipulation",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "CAP-1-07": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "The record keeps the catalogue as the entity.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, analysis s2",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "F52": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Launched in March 2018 by media entrepreneur and award-winning journalist Steven Brill and former Wall Street Journal publisher Gordon Crovitz, NewsGuard provides credibility ratings and detailed “Nutrition Labels” for thousands of news and information websites.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "About NewsGuard ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F54": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard’s ratings and Nutrition Labels are licensed by browsers, news aggregators, education companies, and social media and search platforms to make NewsGuard’s information about news websites available to their users.",
    "source": "B4",
    "source_label": "NewsGuard — NewsGuard Launches Tracking Center for AI-Generated News",
    "locus": "About NewsGuard ¶6",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "MMRS-10": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "NewsGuard",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], operator",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   },
   "F59": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard is a rating system for news and information websites.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "lead ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F62": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "Browser plugin that rates the credibility of news and information websites",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "short description (raw wikitext)",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F61": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard Technologies was founded in 2018 by Steven Brill and L. Gordon Crovitz, who serve as co-CEOs.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "History ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F60": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard Technologies Inc., the company behind the tool, also provides services such as misinformation tracking and brand safety for advertisers, search engines, social media platforms, cybersecurity firms, and government agencies.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "lead ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F63": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard has audited the output of various AI models to identify disinformation.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "Ratings › Disinformation in AI ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F64": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "In August 2025, they found that leading generative AI tools repeat false news claims 35% of the time on average.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "Ratings › Disinformation in AI ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F65": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "NewsGuard also audited Sora 2 and found that it produced videos advancing fake claims in 80% of cases.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "Ratings › Disinformation in AI ¶1",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "F66": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "According to NewsGuard, Russian propaganda networks are attempting to \"infect\" large language models by spamming fake news, so that they will output more pro-Russia disinformation.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "Ratings › Disinformation in AI ¶1",
    "modality": "attributed"
   },
   "F67": {
    "kind": "field",
    "quote": "There were no results matching the query.",
    "source": "B6",
    "source_label": "Wikipedia — NewsGuard (the operator's article; the center has none)",
    "locus": "Special:Search, \"AI Tracking Center\" (all articles), 2026-10-29",
    "modality": "documented"
   },
   "CAP-1-08": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "The Overview gives what the center tracks, its headline figures, and the NewsGuard tools around it, all from NewsGuard's pages.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, reading",
    "modality": "interpretation",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "CAP-1-01": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "3,749 sites in 16 languages is the record's figure (23 June 2026).",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, findings[0]",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "CAP-1-02": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "Checked 2026-10-29 against the MMRS meta-aggregator record of 2026-10-28 and the entity's own pages, re-read the same day.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, findings[0]",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "CAP-1-05": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "The video-recognition failure rates and the 67% blocking figure are not verified here.",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029 (OBS-f7965ff6f906, AXN:0AB1.CAPTURE.🤙↘️💫🌾⚪🗼)",
    "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029/",
    "locus": "newsguard-ai-tracking-center-aio-20261029, findings[2]",
    "modality": "self-description",
    "date": "2026-10-29"
   },
   "MMRS-20": {
    "kind": "archive",
    "quote": "the composition layer's account of the entity, seated in the Capture Registry",
    "deposit": null,
    "source_label": "MMRS meta-aggregator record: NewsGuard AI Tracking Center (https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29",
    "record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
    "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'newsguard-ai-tracking-center'], relations.1.note",
    "modality": "documented",
    "date": "2026-10-28 (corrected 2026-10-29)"
   }
  },
  "note": "The knowledge object (KO): the entry as public knowledge, each sentence sourced by the claims it lists. The compression, the field-only arm, the transcript, the delta and the kernel are in the row (links.row), which is the authority."
 },
 "source": "operator, 2026-10-29: 'we can simply build them here as against their wikipedia articles if they exist, their own pages, etc.'; 'lets build them'; the MMRS meta-aggregator entity",
 "stage": "composed 2026-10-29 under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690, equal case, ρ = extends (draft, not frozen; ledgers unaudited, one extractor; every field and archive quote re-checked by the session)",
 "date": "2026-10-29",
 "status": {
  "procedure": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690: equal case, ρ = extends, read from the archive's records of the entity (the MMRS meta-aggregator record of 2026-10-28, corrected 2026-10-29, and the Capture Registry's entry of 2026-10-29); no deposit names the entity (D/R/O: 0 candidates over 1,711 texts); #641 admitted to O-class on 'content farms' (sourced: B1, B4), reached by a grep beside the pass; hop not run; one address, the field B its five cards with the entity's own pages among them and Wikipedia's absence recorded beside the operator's article; no corrective exhibit; the composer read the ledgers, never the transcript, except where the brief asks for T's claims and the delta",
  "ledger": "unaudited (§3.8: one extractor per ledger; field quotes cut from saved page text, the raw wikitext or a saved Special:Search response, 67/67 verified by script; archive quotes verified verbatim 29/29 against their files, census.json and articles.py as loaded, the registry's entry as loaded, #641's text); no claim marked; carried open within the pool: the exits from the catalogue (F14, F16 against MMRS-04), 'hosts' (MMRS-02 against F17), the count's date (MMRS-15 against F5)",
  "frozen": false,
  "breaches": []
 },
 "addresses": [
  {
   "address": "newsguard ai tracking center",
   "address_url": "https://www.alexanarch.org/addresses/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
   "register": []
  }
 ],
 "counts": {
  "ko_sentences": 24,
  "p_words": 334,
  "field_claims": 67,
  "archive_claims": 29,
  "ko_field_claims_cited": 67,
  "ko_archive_claims_cited": 29,
  "admitted_deposits": 1,
  "register_addresses": 0,
  "traversal": {
   "D_sentences": 0,
   "D_deposits": 0,
   "R_sentences": 0,
   "R_deposits": 0,
   "O_direct": 0,
   "O_class": 0,
   "O_deposits": 0,
   "H_candidates": 0
  }
 },
 "links": {
  "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
  "table_of_contents": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/index.json",
  "register": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/register.json",
  "row": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/rows/newsguard-ai-tracking-center.json",
  "archive_ledger": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/ledgers/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/ledger-archive.json",
  "field_ledger": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/ledgers/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/field.json",
  "selection": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
  "traversal": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
  "traversal_summary": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/summary.json",
  "reading": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/reading.json",
  "configuration": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/panel/configs/newsguard-ai-tracking-center.json",
  "address_page": "https://www.alexanarch.org/addresses/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
  "mmrs_record": "https://www.machinemediation.org/aggregators/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
  "dataset": "https://huggingface.co/datasets/leesharks/negative-of-the-negative"
 },
 "row_sha256": "4c1168eeb88bff9bad692eaeaac586659341b70f1b973029c7b5715748f6360d",
 "record_url": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/",
 "json_url": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/newsguard-ai-tracking-center/entity.json",
 "spec": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1690/",
 "creator": "Lee Sharks",
 "orcid": "0009-0000-1599-0703",
 "license": "CC BY 4.0"
}