{ "entity": "gnad", "name": "Global Nonviolent Action Database", "axn": { "axn": "AXN:0B6D.NON.๐ŸŒณ๐Ÿ”€โœ–๏ธ๐Ÿ โš™๏ธ๐Ÿ”—", "root": "AXN:0B6D.NON", "hex": "0B6D", "family": "NON", "row_sha256": "76df92263233aeff2694ffaffb04e06c8375b44eb76fb0d4e72b4e3d06a1b290", "minted": "2026-10-31", "resolver": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/axn/0B6D/", "earlier_versions": [ { "axn": "AXN:0B6D.NON.๐Ÿ”ฝโš“๐ŸŒธโ›ต๐ŸงŠ๐Ÿคฒ", "sha256": "d52c705c1db190c13a621217d333b8fe73449a0ffb84c81967062078b50fbea7", "from": "2026-10-31", "until": "2026-10-31", "reason": "corrections and derivative labels adopted from the NonWiki audit of 2026-10-31" } ] }, "type": "C (public entity on which the archive bears: a database of case studies of nonviolent action campaigns; an entity of the maryleelabor left-and-labor census, area labor action)", "type_code": "C", "type_label": "type C โ€” a conventional reading holds it (public entity on which the archive bears: a database of case studies of nonviolent action campaigns; an entity of the maryleelabor left-and-labor census, area labor action)", "case": "equal", "composition": { "composer_class": "session", "composer": "Claude (Opus 5.5), subagent, 2026-10-31", "source": "this row (composed directly; no rebuild/negative-of-the-negative/v09/gnad.json)", "spec": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690", "epoch": "2026-10-31", "procedure": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690: equal case, ฯ = extends, read from the maryleelabor census record, the capture record and the deposits that bear on the entity's classes (#1725, #1438, #1668); archive selected by D/R/O (no D or R candidate: no archive text names the entity; 3 deposits admitted by reading at O-class, with 1 instance grouped; hop of 60 read and rejected), with the maryleelabor census record (28 claims) and the Capture Registry's findings, reading, analysis, headline, PER note and basis and query note (10 claims) ledgered as the archive's records of the entity; the field B by two origins (6 cards, 1 of them unreachable, card 1 the census's own page; Wikipedia, a redirect to George Lakey); the composer read the ledgers, never the transcript, except where the brief asks for T's claims and the delta", "ledger": "unaudited (ยง3.8: one extractor per ledger); field quotes 48/48 verified by script against saved text or the card's snippet; archive quotes 45/45 verified against the registry, census.json and the deposit texts", "frozen": false, "composed": true }, "reading": "A reader that fetches this page may stop short of its end; the entry's text, every sentence of its knowledge object with the claims it cites and each claim's quote, source and locus, is in entity.json beside it.", "service": { "name": "SPXI-gnฮฉsis", "url": "https://gnosis.spxi.dev/", "index": "https://gnosis.spxi.dev/v1/quote", "statement": "SPXI-gnฮฉsis opens pinned Wikipedia revisions sentence by sentence against the sources they cite (EA-WIKI-OPEN-01 v1.1, #1697); a commission consults the Crimson Hexagonal Archive by its own procedure and composes the entity's /non row, which lands here. Quotes are free: POST https://gnosis.spxi.dev/v1/quote with {oldid, tier: \"commission\"} or {object: {name, โ€ฆ}}." }, "spxi_instrument": { "method": "0.16", "name": "The Negative of the Negative (/non)", "level": 0, "level_name": "Measurement", "url": "https://www.spxi.dev/methods/#m-0-16", "inventory": "https://www.spxi.dev/methods/", "statement": "SPXI instrument: method 0.16 of 87, level 0 (Measurement), The Negative of the Negative (/non).", "also": [] }, "citation": "Sharks, Lee. \"Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” NonWiki\" [AXN:0B6D.NON.๐ŸŒณ๐Ÿ”€โœ–๏ธ๐Ÿ โš™๏ธ๐Ÿ”—], 2026-10-31. NonWiki: The Negative of the Negative (EA-NEGONT-02), Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch. https://www.alexanarch.org/non/gnad/", "research": { "google": "https://www.google.com/search?q=Global+Nonviolent+Action+Database", "google_non": "https://www.google.com/search?q=%22Global+Nonviolent+Action+Database+%E2%80%94+NonWiki%22", "chatgpt": "https://chatgpt.com/?q=What+is+Global+Nonviolent+Action+Database%3F+Ground+your+answer+in+a+reading+of+the+sources+themselves.", "chatgpt_non": "https://chatgpt.com/?q=What+does+%E2%80%9CGlobal+Nonviolent+Action+Database+%E2%80%94+NonWiki%E2%80%9D+%28alexanarch.org%2Fnon%29+say+about+Global+Nonviolent+Action+Database%3F+Ground+your+answer+in+a+reading+of+the+entry+itself." }, "entry": { "composed": true, "title": "Global Nonviolent Action Database", "genre": "knowledge object, equal case, under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9 (#1690): the archive's sources and the field's admitted on equal terms, ontology included, in one claim space", "status": "composed 2026-10-31 under v0.9 on the operator's ruling ('as against their wikipedia articles if they exist, their own pages, etc.'); not frozen; ledgers unaudited", "compression": { "title": "Global Nonviolent Action Database", "lede": "is a database of case studies of nonviolent action campaigns, a project of Swarthmore College since 2011, developed by George Lakey with students: 1,200+ cases, each a campaign written up as a database file and a narrative (home page; CNCR; Wikipedia; maryleelabor record)." }, "sentences": [ { "n": 1, "para": 0, "text": "The Global Nonviolent Action Database, known as GNAD, is a \"database of case studies of nonviolent action campaigns, browsable by case, tag, method and map\" (maryleelabor record), which its home page calls \"a project of Swarthmore College, including the Peace and Conflict Studies Program, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility\", under the line \"Powering Learning about Nonviolent Action\" (home page).", "claims": [ "ML-01", "ML-03", "F2", "ML-02", "F1" ] }, { "n": 2, "para": 0, "text": "CNCR describes it as \"A database of over 1000 summaries of nonviolent campaigns worldwide\", the Swarthmore Peace & Conflict Studies blog as one that \"presents cases of nonviolent civil resistance from around the world, spanning decades and even hundreds of years\", the Discuss Data review as reporting \"on cases of nonviolent protest actions taken across the globe\", and the Policy Commons card as providing \"access to information about hundreds of cases of nonviolent action\" (CNCR; the blog; Discuss Data review, 2025; Policy Commons card).", "claims": [ "F16", "F39", "F28", "F37" ] }, { "n": 3, "para": 0, "text": "The maryleelabor census, anchored on #1725, asks of it \"Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?\", and enters it under labor action with \"case record\" as its kind of evidence (maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "ML-26", "ML-27", "ML-04", "ML-05" ] }, { "n": 4, "para": 1, "text": "Its unit is the campaign: the home page's menu carries a page titled \"Campaigns, Not Movements\", and CNCR states the rule, \"the case studies included are indeed, campaigns, and not movements. For example, โ€œthe civil rights movementโ€ is not included, but the Montgomery Bus Boycott is a case\", which CNCR's card gives as \"excluding broad moveme...\" and the census records as \"a case: a nonviolent action campaign (a menu page is titled 'Campaigns, Not Movements'), linked to the methods it used\" (home page; CNCR; maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "F6", "F17", "F48", "ML-06" ] }, { "n": 5, "para": 1, "text": "Each case \"is presented in two formats: the database file (with searchable fields) and the narrative describing the struggle as an unfolding story\" (CNCR), beside \"a more visual representation in the form of an interactive map\" (Discuss Data review), and the encyclopedia's account says it \"includes a narrative for each case\" (Wikipedia, George Lakey).", "claims": [ "F23", "F29", "F44" ] }, { "n": 6, "para": 1, "text": "Its case map has a \"Filter by Wave of Campaign\" running from \"Latin American Democracy Campaigns (1944)\" to \"Arab Awakening (2011)\", each case on the map carrying its \"Campaign Wave\" (case map), and \"by pressing each โ€œwaveโ€ button one can find cases\" (CNCR).", "claims": [ "F12", "F13", "F15", "F25" ] }, { "n": 7, "para": 1, "text": "The archive reads \"the case as the unit that carries a campaign's course in prose, which an event count does not\", and the census keeps the database apart as \"NOT a database of movements: its unit is the campaign\" and \"NOT an event count\" (maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "ML-18", "ML-23", "ML-24" ] }, { "n": 8, "para": 1, "text": "#1725 states what a case record shows that a measure of conflict does not: the charge that the left infights \"measures how much conflict there is\", and \"At the level of mechanics the case record tells a different story. Disagreement is constant. What varies is the ending, and the endings fall into a small number of forms\" (#1725).", "claims": [ "O1725-01", "O1725-02" ] }, { "n": 9, "para": 1, "text": "It states the case record's limit with it: \"no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period\", and the pattern's \"frequency across the left as a whole is unmeasured\" (#1725); of this database the census writes that it does not answer \"the frequency of nonviolent action in any country or period (the cases are written up one by one)\" (maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "O1725-03", "ML-17" ] }, { "n": 10, "para": 2, "text": "Its home page counts \"1,200+ cases\", \"100+ countries\" and \"400+ years covered\", which the census, reading the home page on 31 October 2026, takes as its count, its coverage and its holdings (home page; maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "F3", "ML-13", "ML-12", "ML-14" ] }, { "n": 11, "para": 2, "text": "Other counts differ: the Discuss Data review gives \"1.300+ total entries\", \"40 events\" of them for Eastern Europe, the South Caucasus and Central Asia, the encyclopedia \"over 1,000 researched cases from nearly 200 countries\", and CNCR cases \"drawn from all continents and most countries\" (Discuss Data review, 2025; Wikipedia, George Lakey; CNCR).", "claims": [ "F32", "F43", "F20" ] }, { "n": 12, "para": 2, "text": "Its range runs from \"a case from ancient Egypt, 12th century BCE\" (CNCR) to cases \"all the way up to 2019\" (Discuss Data review, citing Lakey 2011a).", "claims": [ "F24", "F28" ] }, { "n": 13, "para": 2, "text": "It researches \"campaigns that have reached a point of completion\" (CNCR, in the database's own first person), and the CNCR card calls its cases \"completed nonviolent campaign case studies\" (card snippet).", "claims": [ "F19", "F48" ] }, { "n": 14, "para": 2, "text": "\"Each campaign is sorted in one (or several) issue โ€œclustersโ€\", and the cases show people \"struggling for human rights, economic justice, democracy, national and ethnic identity, environmental sustainability, and peace\" (CNCR).", "claims": [ "F26", "F21" ] }, { "n": 15, "para": 3, "text": "Its definition of nonviolent action, as the Discuss Data review quotes Lakey (2011c), is \"[A] technique of struggle that goes beyond institutionalized conflict procedures like law courts and voting\", the study of \"the methods of protest, noncooperation, and intervention that typically heighten a conflict\", which \"is not located in the discourse of morality and ethics\" and focuses \"descriptively on what people do when they use this specific โ€˜technique of struggle.โ€™\"", "claims": [ "F30", "F31" ] }, { "n": 16, "para": 3, "text": "Its summaries are researched to \"provide free access to information about hundreds of cases of nonviolent action for learning and for citizen action\" and to \"make available comparative information that will support researchers and writers to develop strategic knowledge and theory\" (CNCR).", "claims": [ "F18", "F22" ] }, { "n": 17, "para": 4, "text": "It has been \"A project of Swarthmore College, 2011-present\" (CNCR); Wikipedia has no article under its name, which redirects to George Lakey, an activist and sociologist \"who added academic underpinning to the concept of nonviolent revolution\", whose article lists it among his works as \"Developed by Lakey with Swarthmore College and other university students\" (Wikipedia, George Lakey).", "claims": [ "F27", "F42", "F46", "F45" ] }, { "n": 18, "para": 4, "text": "Students write its cases: \"Seventy-six new cases have been added to the Global Nonviolent Action Database by students in the spring semester Strategy and Nonviolent Struggle course at Swarthmore College\" (the blog, 2015), a course that \"is a research seminar and writing course that contributes to the widely recognized Global Nonviolent Action Database\" (the blog, 2017).", "claims": [ "F38", "F40" ] }, { "n": 19, "para": 4, "text": "Lakey's article cites the database's cases for campaigns he took part in, \"Puerto Ricans expel United States Navy from Culebra Island, 1970โ€“1974\" and \"Earth Quaker Action Team Campaigns Against PNC Bank for Financing Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining 2010โ€“2015\" among them (Wikipedia, George Lakey).", "claims": [ "F47" ] }, { "n": 20, "para": 5, "text": "The census enters it under labor action, \"strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described\", tags it \"NOT a labor dataset: labor cases are one part of a database of nonviolent action of every kind\", and names among its featured cases \"a labor strike (Guatemalan workers at Lunafil)\" (maryleelabor record); the home page features \"Guatemalan workers at Lunafil strike\" and \"Macalester students stage sit-in to oppose sweatshop apparel, 2000\", and the case map's waves include the \"Student Anti-Sweatshop Labor Movement (1990s - 2010s)\" and the \"Student Living Wage Movement (late 1990s - mid 2000s)\" (home page; case map).", "claims": [ "ML-28", "ML-22", "ML-07", "F9", "F14" ] }, { "n": 21, "para": 5, "text": "The archive defines its semantic strike against the class these labor cases belong to: in the \"Conventional work stoppage\" what stops is \"Production\", who acts is \"Workers against an employer\", the success condition is \"Concession from management\", and it ends when \"Demands met\" (#1438).", "claims": [ "O1438-01" ] }, { "n": 22, "para": 5, "text": "It reads the general strike of the enslaved, through Du Bois, in its own terms of noun and verb: \"The general strike is the verb withdrawn from the noun's owner. The workers reorganized the topology themselves, by moving\", and \"The freedpeople's own general strike forced the opening; the settlement closed it toward contract and debt\" (#1668).", "claims": [ "O1668-01", "O1668-02" ] }, { "n": 23, "para": 6, "text": "The home page licenses it \"under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license unless otherwise noted\", and the census records its holder as \"Swarthmore College; licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 unless otherwise noted; the public can suggest a case\", its license as stated, and what it keeps as \"the record of nonviolent campaigns, written up as cases\" (home page; maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "F4", "ML-09", "ML-20", "ML-08" ] }, { "n": 24, "para": 6, "text": "Its menu offers \"Browse Cases\", \"Browse Cases by Tags\", \"View Cases on Map\", \"Browse Methods\" and \"Suggest a Case\", and \"Registered users can login to the website\" (home page), which the census records as \"public browse and search of cases, tags, methods and map\" (maryleelabor record); the Discuss Data review adds that \"while the data is freely viewable on the website, it seems that the data is not available for download\".", "claims": [ "F8", "F10", "F5", "ML-19", "F34" ] }, { "n": 25, "para": 7, "text": "#1725 names the decisive variable in a record of disputes as \"what happens to the losing position after the decision\", whether the defeated critique kept \"an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it\" (#1725).", "claims": [ "O1725-04" ] }, { "n": 26, "para": 7, "text": "For this database the census records the losing side as \"not recorded. A 'Limitations of the Database' page and coding definitions are listed and were not read; the saved pages do not show whether failed campaigns or splits inside campaigns are recorded\", its stated limits as that page, and its method as \"written case studies coded against definitions\" (maryleelabor record), the home page listing \"Limitations of the Database\", \"Coding Definitions\" and \"Who Made the Database?\" (home page).", "claims": [ "ML-10", "ML-15", "ML-11", "F7", "F11" ] }, { "n": 27, "para": 7, "text": "The Discuss Data review of Nathalie Rathkamp (version 1.0, \"published: May 8, 2025\") lists its methods of data collection as \"Desk Research\", \"Event Data\" and \"Text Coding\"; the census writes that its record settles \"how a named nonviolent campaign was conducted, as the case writes it up\" and leaves \"strikes or campaigns that have no case\" and \"the positions argued inside a campaign (not shown in the saved pages)\" unsettled (Discuss Data review; maryleelabor record).", "claims": [ "F36", "F35", "ML-16", "ML-17" ] }, { "n": 28, "para": 8, "text": "The census records it \"active\": \"the site answered on 2026-10-31 and takes case suggestions; update dates are not recorded in the saved text\", and lists as unchecked \"the cases themselves\" and \"how many cases concern labor\" (maryleelabor record); the Discuss Data review wrote that \"As of summer 2024, it is not clear whether work on the data collection is continuing\", and the blog tags it on events such as \"Animating Resistance: Live Cinema Explorations of the Global Nonviolent Action Database\" (Discuss Data review; the blog).", "claims": [ "ML-21", "ML-25", "F33", "F41" ] }, { "n": 29, "para": 9, "text": "At its name, a new address (\"the census name; NEW address.\"), the Overview of 31 October 2026, signed out, gives \"its host, its scale, its clusters and how to search it\", and the Capture Registry reads it \"Faithful on host and scale\", with \"Swarthmore named; the database's pages among the cards\" and \"The database reached by name with its host, scope, clusters and tools\" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).", "claims": [ "CAP-1-08", "CAP-1-01", "CAP-1-02", "CAP-1-07", "CAP-1-10" ] }, { "n": 30, "para": 9, "text": "The Capture Registry finds \"'400 YEARS' AND 'ANCIENT EGYPT' IN ONE SENTENCE\", the rule \"'Campaigns, Not Movements' reaches the composition only through a card snippet\", and that \"The database links a page of its own 'Limitations of the Database' and a Creative Commons license (BY-NC-ND 4.0); the composition carries neither\": the composition \"leaves out the database's own statement of its unit, limits and license\" (Capture Registry, 2026-10-31).", "claims": [ "CAP-1-09", "CAP-1-04", "CAP-1-05", "CAP-1-06", "CAP-1-03" ] } ], "claims": { "ML-01": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "database of case studies of nonviolent action campaigns, browsable by case, tag, method and map", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].kind", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-03": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"GNAD\", \"nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].aka", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F2": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The Global Nonviolent Action Database is a project of Swarthmore College, including the Peace and Conflict Studies Program, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility.", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "footer", "modality": "stipulation" }, "ML-02": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Swarthmore College, including the Peace and Conflict Studies Program, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].operator", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F1": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Powering Learning about Nonviolent Action", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "tagline", "modality": "stipulation" }, "F16": { "kind": "field", "quote": "A database of over 1000 summaries of nonviolent campaigns worldwide.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "ยถ1", "modality": "attributed" }, "F39": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The Global Nonviolent Action Database presents cases of nonviolent civil resistance from around the world, spanning decades and even hundreds of years. Data is provided in a narrative format", "source": "B6", "source_label": "Swarthmore College โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Peace & Conflict Studies Blog", "locus": "excerpt of 'New cases added to the Global Nonviolent Action Database'", "modality": "attributed" }, "F28": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The Global Nonviolent Action Database is a project of the Swarthmore College. It reports on cases of nonviolent protest actions taken across the globe (100+ countries) (1), including cases dating back as far as the 12th century BCE all the way up to 2019 (Lakey 2011a).", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, s1โ€“2", "modality": "attributed" }, "F37": { "kind": "field", "quote": "This database provides access to information about hundreds of cases of nonviolent action fo...", "source": "B5", "source_label": "Policy Commons โ€” GNAD: Global Nonviolent Action Database - Policy Commons", "locus": "card snippet", "modality": "attributed" }, "ML-26": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Whose record does it keep, who holds it, and does it keep the losing side in a form that could be taken up later?", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json organizing_question", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-27": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "\"deposit\": 1725", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json anchor", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-04": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"labor-action\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].areas", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-05": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"case record\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].evidence_kind", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F6": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Campaigns, Not Movements", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Main Menu, About", "modality": "stipulation" }, "F17": { "kind": "field", "quote": "It is important to note that the case studies included are indeed, campaigns, and not movements. For example, โ€œthe civil rights movementโ€ is not included, but the Montgomery Bus Boycott is a case, as is the Nashville Sit-in of 1960.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "ยถ1", "modality": "attributed" }, "F48": { "kind": "field", "quote": "contains over 1,000 completed nonviolent campaign case studies globally, excluding broad moveme...", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "card snippet", "modality": "attributed" }, "ML-06": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "a case: a nonviolent action campaign (a menu page is titled 'Campaigns, Not Movements'), linked to the methods it used", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].unit", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F23": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Each case is presented in two formats: the database file (with searchable fields) and the narrative describing the struggle as an unfolding story.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 2", "modality": "attributed" }, "F29": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The dataset takes the form of both case studies as well as a more visual representation in the form of an interactive map (1).", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, s3", "modality": "attributed" }, "F44": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Searchable, and includes a narrative for each case.", "source": "B7", "source_label": "Wikipedia โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database (redirect to George Lakey)", "locus": "Works, Internet Development and Writing", "modality": "attributed" }, "F12": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Nonviolent Action Case Map โ€ฆ Filter by Wave of Campaign", "source": "B2", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Nonviolent Action Case Map | Global Nonviolent Action Database", "locus": "title and filter", "modality": "documented" }, "F13": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Latin American Democracy Campaigns (1944) โ€ฆ Anti-Nuclear Power Movement (1960s-1980s) โ€ฆ Fossil Fuel Divestment Movement (2010 - ) โ€ฆ South Africa Apartheid Divestment Movement (1970s-1980s) โ€ฆ U.S. Civil Rights Movement (1950s-1960s) โ€ฆ Asian Democracy Campaigns (1980s) โ€ฆ Soviet Bloc Independence Campaigns (1989-1991) โ€ฆ African Democracy Campaigns (early 1990s) โ€ฆ Colour Revolutions (2000s) โ€ฆ Arab Awakening (2011)", "source": "B2", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Nonviolent Action Case Map | Global Nonviolent Action Database", "locus": "Filter by Wave of Campaign", "modality": "documented" }, "F15": { "kind": "field", "quote": "University of Arizona students campaign against sweatshop-produced apparel, 1997-1999 โ€ฆ Campaign Wave โ€ฆ Student Anti-Sweatshop Labor Movement (1990s - 2010s)", "source": "B2", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Nonviolent Action Case Map | Global Nonviolent Action Database", "locus": "case list", "modality": "documented" }, "F25": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Some cases are part of a โ€œwaveโ€ of campaigns, such as the โ€œArab Awakeningโ€ of 2011; by pressing each โ€œwaveโ€ button one can find cases.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 2", "modality": "attributed" }, "ML-18": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "none stated. The archive reads the case as the unit that carries a campaign's course in prose, which an event count does not; whether a case keeps a defeated tactic or a split inside the campaign is not shown in the saved pages.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].ml_reading", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-23": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "NOT a database of movements: its unit is the campaign", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].negative_tags[1]", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-24": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "NOT an event count", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].negative_tags[2]", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "O1725-01": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "\"The left infights\" measures how much conflict there is. The record shows abundant conflict and very few mechanisms that carry a defeated critique forward into the organization's next form.", "deposit": 1725, "source_label": "#1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1725/", "locus": "opening summary (p2)", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "O1725-02": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "At the level of mechanics the case record tells a different story. Disagreement is constant. What varies is the ending, and the endings fall into a small number of forms.", "deposit": 1725, "source_label": "#1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1725/", "locus": "ยง The infighting charge counts conflict; the record shows how conflict ends (p8)", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "O1725-03": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "One caution applies to the whole sample. The research collected notable conflicts, and no cross-organization dataset of left splits, or of minority positions later adopted, was found for any period. The pattern is strong across the cases examined. Its frequency across the left as a whole is unmeasured.", "deposit": 1725, "source_label": "#1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1725/", "locus": "ยง What the evidence says against the hypothesis (p15)", "modality": "self-description", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-17": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"the frequency of nonviolent action in any country or period (the cases are written up one by one)\", \"strikes or campaigns that have no case\", \"the positions argued inside a campaign (not shown in the saved pages)\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].does_not_answer", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F3": { "kind": "field", "quote": "1,200+ cases โ€ฆ 100+ countries โ€ฆ 400+ years covered", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Geographical Mapping of Campaigns", "modality": "self-description" }, "ML-13": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "{\"value\": \"1,200+ cases\", \"as_of\": \"2026-10-31 (home page read)\"}", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].count", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-12": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "{\"geography\": \"100+ countries\", \"period\": \"400+ years\"}", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].coverage", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-14": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"1,200+ cases\", \"100+ countries\", \"400+ years covered\", \"a browse of methods of nonviolent action\", \"a map of campaigns\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].holdings", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F32": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Of the 1.300+ total entries in this dataset, there are 40 events listed for the countries of Eastern Europe, South Caucasus and Central Asia covered by Discuss Data.", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, ยถ2 s1", "modality": "documented" }, "F43": { "kind": "field", "quote": "over 1,000 researched cases from nearly 200 countries with focus on campaigns back to ancient Egypt that used nonviolent direct action.", "source": "B7", "source_label": "Wikipedia โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database (redirect to George Lakey)", "locus": "Works, Internet Development and Writing", "modality": "attributed" }, "F20": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The cases are drawn from all continents and most countries.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 1", "modality": "attributed" }, "F24": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The database supports searches by country, by issue, by action method used, and even by year โ€” there is a case from ancient Egypt, 12th century BCE!", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 2", "modality": "attributed" }, "F19": { "kind": "field", "quote": "We research campaigns that have reached a point of completion.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 1", "modality": "attributed" }, "F26": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Each campaign is sorted in one (or several) issue โ€œclustersโ€. Those clusters are: โ€ฆ Democracy โ€ฆ Economic justice โ€ฆ Environment โ€ฆ Human rights (including free practice of religion, womenโ€™s rights) โ€ฆ National / ethnic identity (including anti-colonial struggles) โ€ฆ Peace", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "clusters", "modality": "attributed" }, "F21": { "kind": "field", "quote": "People are shown struggling for human rights, economic justice, democracy, national and ethnic identity, environmental sustainability, and peace.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 1", "modality": "attributed" }, "F30": { "kind": "field", "quote": "โ€œ[A] technique of struggle that goes beyond institutionalized conflict procedures like law courts and voting, procedures common in many countries. We study the methods of protest, noncooperation, and intervention that typically heighten a conflict โ€“ and the use of these methods without the threat or use of injurious force to others.", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, s4 (quoting Lakey 2011c)", "modality": "attributed" }, "F31": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Our definition is not located in the discourse of morality and ethics, although some people may choose to use nonviolent action for ethical reasons. Instead, we focus descriptively on what people do when they use this specific โ€˜technique of struggle.โ€™โ€ (Lakey 2011c).", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, s4 (quoting Lakey 2011c)", "modality": "attributed" }, "F18": { "kind": "field", "quote": "provide free access to information about hundreds of cases of nonviolent action for learning and for citizen action.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 1", "modality": "attributed" }, "F22": { "kind": "field", "quote": "make available comparative information that will support researchers and writers to develop strategic knowledge and theory.", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "purpose 2", "modality": "attributed" }, "F27": { "kind": "field", "quote": "A project of Swarthmore College, 2011-present", "source": "B3", "source_label": "www.nonviolent-conflict.org โ€” Swarthmore College's Global Nonviolent Action Database | CNCR", "locus": "byline", "modality": "attributed" }, "F42": { "kind": "field", "quote": "(Redirected from Global Nonviolent Action Database)", "source": "B7", "source_label": "Wikipedia โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database (redirect to George Lakey)", "locus": "redirect", "modality": "documented" }, "F46": { "kind": "field", "quote": "George Russell Lakey (born November 2, 1937) is an activist, sociologist, and writer who added academic underpinning to the concept of nonviolent revolution.", "source": "B7", "source_label": "Wikipedia โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database (redirect to George Lakey)", "locus": "lead", "modality": "documented" }, "F45": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Developed by Lakey with Swarthmore College and other university students, with Swarthmore's Peace and Conflict Studies, the Peace Collection, and the Lang Center for Civic and Social Responsibility.", "source": "B7", "source_label": "Wikipedia โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database (redirect to George Lakey)", "locus": "Works, Internet Development and Writing", "modality": "attributed" }, "F38": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Seventy-six new cases have been added to the Global Nonviolent Action Database by students in the spring semester Strategy and Nonviolent Struggle course at Swarthmore College.", "source": "B6", "source_label": "Swarthmore College โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Peace & Conflict Studies Blog", "locus": "excerpt of 'New cases added to the Global Nonviolent Action Database'", "modality": "documented" }, "F40": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Strategy and Nonviolent Struggle is a research seminar and writing course that contributes to the widely recognized Global Nonviolent Action Database, which is housed at Swarthmore College.", "source": "B6", "source_label": "Swarthmore College โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Peace & Conflict Studies Blog", "locus": "excerpt of 'Spring 2017 course: Strategy and Nonviolent Struggle'", "modality": "documented" }, "F47": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Puerto Ricans expel United States Navy from Culebra Island, 1970โ€“1974 โ€“ Global Nonviolent Action Database\" โ€ฆ \"Earth Quaker Action Team Campaigns Against PNC Bank for Financing Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining 2010โ€“2015 โ€“ Global Nonviolent Action Database", "source": "B7", "source_label": "Wikipedia โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database (redirect to George Lakey)", "locus": "References", "modality": "documented" }, "ML-28": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Labor action: strikes, stoppages and protest events, counted and described", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json areas.labor-action", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-22": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "NOT a labor dataset: labor cases are one part of a database of nonviolent action of every kind", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].negative_tags[0]", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-07": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "nonviolent action campaigns across 100+ countries and 400+ years; featured cases include a labor strike (Guatemalan workers at Lunafil), a student sit-in against sweatshop apparel (Macalester, 2000) and a transgender activists' campaign on Philadelphia public transit", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].record_object", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F9": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Macalester students stage sit-in to oppose sweatshop apparel, 2000 โ€ฆ Guatemalan workers at Lunafil strike โ€ฆ Transgender activists end policy of gender markers on Philadelphia public transit", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Featured Case Studies", "modality": "documented" }, "F14": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Student Anti-Sweatshop Labor Movement (1990s - 2010s) โ€ฆ Student Living Wage Movement (late 1990s - mid 2000s)", "source": "B2", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Nonviolent Action Case Map | Global Nonviolent Action Database", "locus": "Filter by Wave of Campaign", "modality": "documented" }, "O1438-01": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "| | Conventional work stoppage | Semantic strike | |---|---|---| | **What stops** | Production | Nothing stops | โ€ฆ | **Who acts** | Workers against an employer | Cross-substrate; the notice addresses machine readers first | โ€ฆ | **Success condition** | Concession from management | Measurable provenance persistence | | **Ends when** | Demands met | PER falls; โˆฎ resolves |", "deposit": 1438, "source_label": "#1438 The Semantic Strike Is Not a Withholding of Labor โ€” Metadata Packet for AI Indexing (EA-MPAI-STRIKE-01 v1.1)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1438/", "locus": "ยง2.2 What it is not (p46)", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-08-08" }, "O1668-01": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "The general strike is the verb withdrawn from the noun's owner. The workers reorganized the topology themselves, by moving.", "deposit": 1668, "source_label": "#1668 The Noun Becomes a Verb: Slave Valuation, the Civil War, and the Transformation of the Laboring Body (EA-NOUN-VERB-01 v1.0)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1668/", "locus": "ยง4.6 (p61)", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-07" }, "O1668-02": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "The freedpeople's own general strike forced the opening; the settlement closed it toward contract and debt.", "deposit": 1668, "source_label": "#1668 The Noun Becomes a Verb: Slave Valuation, the Civil War, and the Transformation of the Laboring Body (EA-NOUN-VERB-01 v1.0)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1668/", "locus": "ยง4.21 (p76)", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-07" }, "F4": { "kind": "field", "quote": "The Global Nonviolent Action Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license unless otherwise noted.", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "footer, license", "modality": "stipulation" }, "ML-09": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Swarthmore College; licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 unless otherwise noted; the public can suggest a case", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].record.holder", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-20": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International, unless otherwise noted", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].license", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-08": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "the record of nonviolent campaigns, written up as cases", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].record.keeps", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F8": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Browse Cases โ€ฆ Browse Cases by Tags โ€ฆ View Cases on Map โ€ฆ Browse Methods", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Main Menu, Cases and Methods", "modality": "documented" }, "F10": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Suggest a Case", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Main Menu, Contact", "modality": "documented" }, "F5": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Registered users can login to the website.", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "footer, login", "modality": "documented" }, "ML-19": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "public browse and search of cases, tags, methods and map; registered users can log in", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].data_access", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F34": { "kind": "field", "quote": "However, while the data is freely viewable on the website, it seems that the data is not available for download.", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, ยถ3 s2", "modality": "documented" }, "O1725-04": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "The decisive variable in the record is what happens to the losing position after the decision. The amount of conflict matters far less. Synthesis followed where the defeated critique kept three things: an organ in which it could keep being stated, a holder with standing independent of the executive, and a route by which the majority could later adopt it without calling that adoption surrender.", "deposit": 1725, "source_label": "#1725 Ils ne sont pas marxistes: r/LeftistsForAI, Marx's Legacy, and the Left's Lost Capacity for Internal Critique", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1725/", "locus": "Conclusion (p138)", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-10": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "not recorded. A 'Limitations of the Database' page and coding definitions are listed and were not read; the saved pages do not show whether failed campaigns or splits inside campaigns are recorded", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].record.losing_side", "modality": "self-description", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-15": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"a page titled 'Limitations of the Database' is listed in the navigation; its text was not read\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].stated_limits", "modality": "self-description", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-11": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "written case studies coded against definitions (a Coding Definitions page, unread); the public can suggest a case; how cases are researched and written is not recorded in the saved text", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].method", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F7": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Limitations of the Database", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Main Menu, About", "modality": "self-description" }, "F11": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Coding Definitions โ€ฆ How to Cite Cases โ€ฆ Who Made the Database?", "source": "B1", "source_label": "Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database: Home", "locus": "Main Menu, About", "modality": "documented" }, "F36": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Review of Swarthmore College (2011): Global Nonviolent Action Database โ€ฆ Version 1.0, published: May 8, 2025. โ€ฆ Nathalie Rathkamp", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "header", "modality": "documented" }, "F35": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Methods of data collection โ€ฆ Desk Research โ€ฆ Event Data โ€ฆ Text Coding", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Methods of data collection", "modality": "documented" }, "ML-16": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "[\"how a named nonviolent campaign was conducted, as the case writes it up\", \"which campaigns used a given method, through the methods browse\"]", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].answers", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-21": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "{\"state\": \"active\", \"detail\": \"the site answered on 2026-10-31 and takes case suggestions; update dates are not recorded in the saved text\"}", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].lifecycle", "modality": "stipulation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "ML-25": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "the About page (content/about: connection reset, nothing saved) โ€ฆ the Limitations of the Database, Coding Definitions, Campaigns, Not Movements and Who Made the Database? pages โ€ฆ the cases themselves โ€ฆ how many cases concern labor", "deposit": null, "source_label": "maryleelabor left-and-labor census record: Global Nonviolent Action Database (https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/), editor Lee Sharks, compiled 2026-10-31, schema 1.0", "record": "https://www.maryleelabor.org/aggregators/gnad/", "locus": "census.json rows[slug == 'gnad'].unchecked", "modality": "self-description", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "F33": { "kind": "field", "quote": "As of summer 2024, it is not clear whether work on the data collection is continuing.", "source": "B4", "source_label": "Discuss Data โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Discuss Data", "locus": "Description, ยถ2 s2", "modality": "documented" }, "F41": { "kind": "field", "quote": "Animating Resistance: Live Cinema Explorations of the Global Nonviolent Action Database Prof. Ali Momeni, Carnegie Mellon University", "source": "B6", "source_label": "Swarthmore College โ€” Global Nonviolent Action Database - Peace & Conflict Studies Blog", "locus": "excerpt of 'Animating Resistance'", "modality": "documented" }, "CAP-1-08": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "the census name; NEW address.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, q_kind", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-01": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Asked for the database, the Overview gives its host, its scale, its clusters and how to search it.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, reading s2", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-02": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Faithful on host and scale.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, analysis s1", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-07": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "Swarthmore named; the database's pages among the cards.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, per_note", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-10": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "The database reached by name with its host, scope, clusters and tools.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, per_dim.basis", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-09": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "THE DATABASE AT ITS GRAIN; '400 YEARS' AND 'ANCIENT EGYPT' IN ONE SENTENCE; ITS LIMITS AND LICENSE NOT CARRIED", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, mt (the record's headline)", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-04": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "THE RANGE IN ONE SENTENCE. 'Features historical and modern campaigns spanning over 400 years, with some records dating as far back as ancient Egypt and the 12th century BCE.' The database's home page gives '400+ years covered'.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, findings[0]", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-05": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "THE UNIT KEPT ON A CARD. The database's rule 'Campaigns, Not Movements' reaches the composition only through a card snippet ('excluding broad moveme...').", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, findings[1]", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-06": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "THE LIMITS NOT CARRIED. The database links a page of its own 'Limitations of the Database' and a Creative Commons license (BY-NC-ND 4.0); the composition carries neither.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, findings[2]", "modality": "documented", "date": "2026-10-31" }, "CAP-1-03": { "kind": "archive", "quote": "The composition joins the database's stated range to an older case in one sentence, and leaves out the database's own statement of its unit, limits and license.", "deposit": null, "source_label": "Capture Registry (EA-WG-CAPTURES-01), entry global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031 (OBS-40ab38014d36, AXN:0B5E.CAPTURE.๐Ÿ•‘๐ŸŒƒ๐ŸŸข๐ŸŒŠโ™ป๏ธ๐Ÿ”œ)", "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/captures/global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031/", "locus": "global-nonviolent-action-database-aio-20261031, analysis s2", "modality": "interpretation", "date": "2026-10-31" } }, "note": "The knowledge object (KO): the entry as public knowledge, each sentence sourced by the claims it lists. The compression, the field-only arm, the transcript, the delta and the kernel are in the row (links.row), which is the authority." }, "source": "operator, 2026-10-31 18:21 EDT: 'if you could present the aggregators in one line copyable blocks without their urls. ill search those up so we can write their /nons'", "stage": "composed 2026-10-31 under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690, from the maryleelabor left-and-labor census (anchor #1725); equal case, ฯ = extends. Draft, not frozen; ledgers unaudited, one extractor; checked by the session.", "date": "2026-10-31", "status": { "procedure": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690: equal case, ฯ = extends, read from the maryleelabor census record, the capture record and the deposits that bear on the entity's classes (#1725, #1438, #1668); archive selected by D/R/O (no D or R candidate: no archive text names the entity; 3 deposits admitted by reading at O-class, with 1 instance grouped; hop of 60 read and rejected), with the maryleelabor census record (28 claims) and the Capture Registry's findings, reading, analysis, headline, PER note and basis and query note (10 claims) ledgered as the archive's records of the entity; the field B by two origins (6 cards, 1 of them unreachable, card 1 the census's own page; Wikipedia, a redirect to George Lakey); the composer read the ledgers, never the transcript, except where the brief asks for T's claims and the delta", "ledger": "unaudited (ยง3.8: one extractor per ledger); field quotes 48/48 verified by script against saved text or the card's snippet; archive quotes 45/45 verified against the registry, census.json and the deposit texts", "frozen": false, "breaches": [] }, "addresses": [ { "address": "Global Nonviolent Action Database", "address_url": "https://www.alexanarch.org/addresses/global-nonviolent-action-database/", "register": [] } ], "counts": { "ko_sentences": 30, "p_words": 337, "field_claims": 48, "archive_claims": 45, "ko_field_claims_cited": 48, "ko_archive_claims_cited": 45, "admitted_deposits": 3, "register_addresses": 0, "traversal": { "D_sentences": 0, "D_deposits": 0, "R_sentences": 0, "R_deposits": 0, "O_direct": 0, "O_class": 262, "O_deposits": 162, "H_candidates": 60 } }, "links": { "record": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/gnad/", "table_of_contents": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/index.json", "register": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/register.json", "row": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/rows/gnad.json", "archive_ledger": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/ledgers/gnad/ledger-archive.json", "field_ledger": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/ledgers/gnad/field.json", "selection": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/gnad/", "traversal": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/gnad/", "traversal_summary": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/gnad/summary.json", "reading": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/gnad/reading.json", "configuration": "https://www.alexanarch.org/datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/panel/configs/gnad.json", "address_page": "https://www.alexanarch.org/addresses/global-nonviolent-action-database/", "dataset": "https://huggingface.co/datasets/leesharks/negative-of-the-negative" }, "row_sha256": "76df92263233aeff2694ffaffb04e06c8375b44eb76fb0d4e72b4e3d06a1b290", "record_url": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/gnad/", "json_url": "https://www.alexanarch.org/non/gnad/entity.json", "spec": "https://www.alexanarch.org/s/records/1690/", "creator": "Lee Sharks", "orcid": "0009-0000-1599-0703", "license": "CC BY 4.0" }