Electronic Literature Knowledge Base | ELMCIP Jump to main content Search 

 Electronic Literature Knowledge Base
 June 2010 – October 2026
 The ELMCIP Knowledge Base is a research resource for electronic literature, now preserved as a frozen archive. It provides cross-referenced, contextualized information about authors, creative works, critical writing, platforms, and practices. The archive remains available for browsing and searching, but is no longer open for new contributions or submissions.
 The ELMCIP Knowledge Base was built through the active participation of a community of international researchers and writers working on electronic literature. It was developed in Drupal 7 by the University of Bergen Electronic Literature Research Group as an outcome of the ELMCIP project.
 The mission lives on through the Digital Narrative Knowledge Base .
 Browse

 17,073 published records preserved.
 See all tags used in the Knowledge Base by frequency or alphabetically .
 Search the archive or browse the sections below.

 Creative Works
 4,011 records

 Title
 Author
 Year
 Tags

 Taroko Gorge 
 Nick Montfort 
 2009
 text generator , poetry generator , HTML , javascript 

 Sea and Spar Between 
 Nick Montfort , Stephanie Strickland 
 2011
 poetry , combinatory , Herman Melville , Emily Dickinson 

 The Unknown 
 William Gillespie , Scott Rettberg , Dirk Stratton , Frank Marquardt 
 1999
 authorship , narrative , collaboration , hypertext 

 Tokyo Garage 
 Scott Rettberg 
 2009
 generative , narrative , poetry , city 

 Dakota 
 Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries , Young-Hae Chang , Marc Voge 
 2001
 narrative , Flash , digital modernism , digital fiction 

 Nippon 
 Young-Hae Chang , Marc Voge , Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries 
 2003
 experimental cinema , Flash , translation , sex 

 Entre Ville 
 J. R. Carpenter 
 2006
 poetry , video , audio , locative 

 in absentia 
 J. R. Carpenter 
 2008
 narrative , collaboration , French , fiction 

 Amor de Clarice 
 Rui Torres 
 2005
 Flash , textual instrument , appropriated texts , visual poetry 

 Poemas no meio do caminho 
 Rui Torres 
 2008
 poetry , aleatory , animated text , code 

 Translation 
 John Cayley 
 2004
 constraint , ambient , collaboration , generative 

 windsound 
 John Cayley 
 1999
 ambient , poetry , generative , algorithmic text generation 

 The Set of U / La Série des U 
 Philippe Bootz , Marcel Frémiot 
 2004
 animation , collaboration , generative , audio 

 Amour 
 Philippe Bootz 
 1989
 animated poetry , kinetic digital poetry 

 The LA Flood Project 
 LAinundacion , Mark C. Marino , Jeremy Hight , Jeremy Douglass , Juan B. Gutiérrez 
 2011
 collaboration , locative narrative , mobile phone , disaster 

 Occupy MLA 
 Mark C. Marino , Rob Wittig 
 2011
 twitter , performance , social , netprov 

 Fallow Field 
 Dene Grigar 
 2004
 Flash , HTML , hypertext , audio 

 The 24-Hr. Micro-Elit Project 
 Dene Grigar 
 2009
 twitter , microfiction , collaboration , narrative 

 afternoon, a story 
 Michael Joyce 
 1990
 hypertext , fiction , tragedy , associative indexing 

 Patchwork Girl 
 Shelley Jackson 
 1995
 hypertext , adaptation , postmodern fiction , gender 

 Victory Garden 
 Stuart Moulthrop 
 1991
 hypertext , fiction , war , politics 

 Cent mille milliards de poèmes 
 Raymond Queneau 
 1961
 combinatory poetics , writing under constraint , Oulipo , antecedents 

 Lexia to Perplexia 
 Talan Memmott 
 2000
 theory , fiction , animation , interface 

 Façade 
 Michael Mateas , Andrew Stern 
 2005
 3D , collaboration , generative , database 

 The Dreamlife of Letters 
 Brian Kim Stefans 
 2000
 animation , concrete poetry , ambient , Flash 

 Screen 
 Noah Wardrip-Fruin , Josh Carroll , Robert Coover , Shawn Greenlee , Andrew McClain , Benjamin Shine 
 2003
 CAVE , 3D , collaboration , textual instrument 

 Text Rain 
 Romy Achituv , Camille Utterback 
 1999
 installation , text instrument , interactive , movement 

 The Jew's Daughter 
 Judd Morrissey 
 2000
 narrative , collaboration , generative text , HTML/DHTML 

 Loss of Grasp 
 Serge Bouchardon , Vincent Volckaert 
 2010
 interactivity , webcam , interface , control 

 Colossal Cave Adventure 
 Will Crowther , Don Woods 
 1976
 interactive fiction , text adventure , 1970s , game 

 Game, game, game, and again game 
 Jason Nelson 
 2007
 animation , Flash , audio , retro 

 ELIZA 
 Joseph Weizenbaum 
 1966
 chatterbot , pyschotherapy , natural language processing 

 Califia 
 M. D. Coverley 
 2000
 fiction , novel , multimedia , California 

 Hegirascope 
 Stuart Moulthrop 
 1995
 hypertext , push , refresh , parody 

 Sintext 
 Pedro Barbosa , Abílio Cavalheiro 
 1993
 text generator , automatic text generation , computer-generated literature , generative literature 

 Arteroids 
 Jim Andrews 
 2003
 literature , game , programming , kinetic 

 First Screening: Computer Poems 
 Barrie Phillip Nichol 
 1984
 visual poetry , digital poetry , archive , BASIC 

 The Impermanence Agent 
 Noah Wardrip-Fruin , Adam Chapman , Brion Moss 
 1999
 recombinant , push , web , server-based 

 Stochastische Texte 
 Theo Lutz 
 1959
 prehistoric digital poetry , algorithmic text generation , generative 

 Twelve Blue 
 Michael Joyce 
 1996
 narrative , HTML/DHTML , hypertext , fiction 

 Uncle Buddy's Phantom Funhouse 
 John McDaid 
 1992
 hyperfiction , hypertext fiction , fiction , estate 

 Composition No. 1 
 Marc Saporta 
 1961
 nonlinear fiction , cybertext , artist book 

 Zork 1: The Great Underground Empire 
 Marc Blank , David Lebling 
 1981
 interactive fiction , creative language , game , maze 

 Birds Singing Other Birds' Songs 
 María Mencía 
 2001
 noise , sound poetry , music , sound 

 slippingglimpse 
 Stephanie Strickland , Cynthia Lawson Jaramillo , Paul Ryan 
 2007
 visual poetry , collaboration , materiality , video 

 M.U.C. Love Letter Generator 
 Christopher Strachey 
 1952
 generative , epistolary , combinatory , pioneering 

 These Waves of Girls: A Hypermedia Novella 
 Caitlin Fisher 
 2001
 narrative , hypertext , fiction , hypertext fiction 

 V: Vniverse 
 Stephanie Strickland , Cynthia Lawson Jaramillo 
 2002
 visual poetry , poetry , collaboration , embodiment 

 Computer Poetry 
 Silvestre Pestana 
 1981
 computer poetry , visual poetry , spectrum , ZX81 

 Galatea 
 Emily Short 
 2000
 narrative game , interactive fiction , fiction , chatterbot 

 See all creative works 

 Critical Writing
 5,060 records

 Title
 Author
 Year

 Twisty Little Passages: An Approach to Interactive Fiction 
 Nick Montfort 
 2005

 Acid-Free Bits: Recommendations for Long-Lasting Electronic Literature 
 Nick Montfort , Noah Wardrip-Fruin 
 2004

 ELO 2015 Conference Program and Festival Catalog 
 Scott Rettberg , Anne Sofia Karhio , Lucas Ramada Prieto 
 2015

 Electronic Literature 
 Scott Rettberg 
 2018

 "Distance, Homelessness, Anonymity, and Insignificance": An Interview with Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries 
 Thomas Swiss , Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries 
 2002

 Writing Coastlines: Locating Narrative Resonance in Transatlantic Communications Networks 
 J. R. Carpenter 
 2015

 Voice of the poet programmer Jörg Piringer 
 J. R. Carpenter 
 2011

 Triálogo: Prelúdio dialogante a AlletSator 
 Pedro Barbosa , Rui Torres , Pedro Reis 
 2008

 Poesia Experimental e Ciberliteratura: por uma literatura marginal izada? 
 Rui Torres 
 2013

 The Code is not the Text (unless it is the Text) 
 John Cayley 
 2002

 Writing on Complex Surfaces 
 John Cayley 
 2005

 New Media Poetry: Poetic Innovation and New Technologies 
 Philippe Bootz , Jim Rosenberg , E. M. de Melo e Castro , John Cayley , Eduardo Kac , Eric Vos 
 1996

 Entity/Identity: A Tool Designed to Index Documents about Digital Poetry 
 Philippe Bootz , Samuel Szoniecky , Abderrahim Bargaoui 
 2009

 Critical Code Studies 
 Mark C. Marino 
 2020

 10 PRINT CHR$(205.5+RND(1)); : GOTO 10 
 Nick Montfort , Ian Bogost , Jeremy Douglass , Mark C. Marino , Michael Mateas , Mark Sample , Noah Vawter , Casey Reas , Patsy Baudoin , John Bell 
 2012

 Pathfinders: Documenting the Experience of Early Digital Literature 
 Dene Grigar , Stuart Moulthrop 
 2015

 Traversals: The Use of Preservation for Early Electronic Writing 
 Stuart Moulthrop , Dene Grigar 
 2017

 Cybertext: Perspectives on Ergodic Literature 
 Espen Aarseth 
 1997

 Electronic Literature Collection, Volume One 

 2006

 Electronic Literature: New Horizons for the Literary 
 N. Katherine Hayles 
 2010

 Electronic Literature Collection, Volume Two 

 2011

 The Language of New Media 
 Lev Manovich 
 2000

 Electronic Literature Collection, Volume Three 

 2016

 Prehistoric Digital Poetry: An Archaeology of Forms, 1959-1995 
 Chris Funkhouser 
 2007

 Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace 
 Janet H. Murray 
 1998

 Writing Space: The Computer, Hypertext, and the History of Writing 
 Jay David Bolter 
 1991

 Writing Machines 
 N. Katherine Hayles 
 2002

 Hypertext: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology 
 George P. Landow 
 1992

 As We May Think 
 Vannevar Bush 
 1945

 Remediation: Understanding New Media 
 Jay David Bolter , Richard Grusin 
 2001

 How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics 
 N. Katherine Hayles 
 1999

 Hypertext 2.0: The Convergence of Contemporary Critical Theory and Technology 
 George P. Landow 
 1997

 Of Two Minds: Hypertext Pedagogy and Poetics 
 Michael Joyce 
 2002

 Digital Poetics: The Making of E-Poetries 
 Loss Pequeño Glazier 
 2001

 The End of Books 
 Robert Coover 
 1992

 Digital Art and Meaning: Reading Kinetic Poetry, Text Machines, Mapping Art, and Interactive Installations 
 Roberto Simanowski 
 2011

 Narrative as Virtual Reality: Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media 
 Marie-Laure Ryan 
 2015

 Literary Machines: The report on, and of, Project Xanadu concerning word processing, electronic publishing, hypertext, thinkertoys, tomorrow's intellectual revolution, and certain other topics including knowledge, education and freedom 
 Theodor Holm Nelson 
 1993

 The New Media Reader 

 2003

 The End of Books--Or Books Without End: Reading Interactive Narratives 
 J. Yellowlees Douglas 
 2003

 A Ciberliteratura: Criação Literária e Computador 
 Pedro Barbosa 
 1996

 Computer Lib: You can and must understand computers now / Dream Machines: New freedoms through computer screens—a minority report 
 Theodor Holm Nelson 
 1974

 Paratexts: Thresholds of Interpretation 
 Gérard Genette 
 2001

 Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word 
 Walter Jackson Ong 
 1982

 Piecing Together and Tearing Apart: Finding the Story in afternoon 
 Jill Walker Rettberg 
 1999

 Virtual Muse: Experiments in Computer Poetry 
 Charles O. Hartman 
 2019

 A Cyborg Manifesto 
 Donna Haraway 
 1985

 The Gutenberg Elegies: The Fate of Reading in an Electronic Age 
 Sven Birkerts 
 2006

 Patterns of Hypertext 
 Mark Bernstein 
 1998

 “How Do I Stop This Thing?” Closure And Indeterminacy In Interactive Narratives 
 J. Yellowlees Douglas 
 1994

 See all critical writing 

 Authors
 4,826 records

 Name
 Type
 Updated

 Nick Montfort 
 Person
 16/10/2020

 Scott Rettberg 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Young-Hae Chang 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Young-Hae Chang Heavy Industries 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Marc Voge 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 J. R. Carpenter 
 Person
 29/11/2024

 Rui Torres 
 Person
 21/03/2025

 John Cayley 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Philippe Bootz 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Mark C. Marino 
 Person
 07/04/2018

 Dene Grigar 
 Person
 10/12/2019

 Michael Joyce 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Stuart Moulthrop 
 Person
 12/11/2016

 N. Katherine Hayles 
 Person
 05/03/2022

 Pedro Barbosa 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Jason Nelson 
 Person
 27/04/2018

 Stephanie Strickland 
 Person
 25/07/2021

 Noah Wardrip-Fruin 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Talan Memmott 
 Person
 13/10/2016

 Serge Bouchardon 
 Person
 27/05/2021

 See all authors 

 Platform/Software
 325 records

 Title
 Year

 HTML 
 1991

 Flash 
 1996

 JavaScript 
 1995

 Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) 
 1996

 iOS 
 2007

 HTML5 

 SCALAR 
 2013

 Twitter 
 2006

 Hypertext 
 1962

 iPad 
 2010

 MS Windows 
 1985

 Shockwave 
 1995

 Zoom 

 Android 
 2008

 Vimeo 
 2004

 PHP 
 1995

 Python 
 1991

 Mac OS 
 1984

 PC 

 Extensible Markup Language (XML) 
 1996

 Java 
 1995

 PlayStation 
 1994

 BASIC 
 1964

 Storyspace 
 1987

 iPhone 
 2007

 YouTube 
 2005

 Quicktime 
 1991

 Processing 
 2001

 Twine 
 2009

 Xbox 
 2001

 See all platform/software 

 Teaching Resources
 99 records

 Title
 Author

 51 Responses: What inspired you to get involved with Digital Literature 

 Amado Nervo: lecturas de una obra en el tiempo 

 An Annotated Bibliography Of Interactive Fiction Scholarship 

 Archive, Database, Interface (English 5380, History 5348, Spring 2009) 

 Artist-Screencast with Stephanie Strickland on "Errand Upon Which We Came" 

 See all teaching resources 

 Publishers and Journals
 975 records

 Name
 Updated

 3:AM Magazine 
 26/09/2019

 2010 International Digital Media and Arts Association Conference Proceedings 
 26/09/2019

 Aarhus University Press 
 17/06/2012

 Ablex Press 
 01/07/2013

 Above/Ground Press 
 16/06/2017

 See all publishers and journals 
 Organizations
 722 records

 Name
 Updated

 Aarhus Public Libraries 
 31/08/2015

 Aarhus University Digital Aesthetics Research Center 
 26/05/2021

 Aarhus University, Digital Aesthetics Research Center 
 20/05/2021

 ABCiber - Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Cibercultura 
 25/11/2012

 Acadia University 
 12/09/2018

 See all organizations 

 Events
 674 records

 Name
 Event Date

 Electronic Literature Organization 2015: The End(s) of Electronic Literature 
 04/08/2015

 Electronic Literature Organization 2018: Mind the Gap! 
 13/08/2018

 Electronic Literature Organization 2021: Platform (Post?) Pandemic 
 24/05/2021

 Electronic Literature Organization 2013: Chercher le texte 
 23/09/2013

 Electronic Literature Organization 2014: Hold the Light 
 18/06/2014

 Electronic Literature Organization 2010: Archive & Innovate 
 03/06/2010

 Electronic Literature Organization 2012: Electrifying Literature: Affordances and Constraints 
 20/06/2012

 ELMCIP Conference on Remediating the Social 
 01/11/2012

 Electronic Literature Organization 2016: Next Horizons 
 10/06/2016

 Electronic Literature Organization 2019: Peripheries (ELO 2019) 
 15/07/2019

 Electronic Literature Organization 2002: State of the Arts Symposium 
 04/04/2002

 Electronic Literature Organization 2008: Visionary Landscapes 
 29/05/2008

 New Media Writing Prize 

 Electronic Literature Exhibit at the 2012 MLA Convention 
 05/01/2012

 Launching the Electronic Literature Collection Vol. 3 
 18/02/2016

 Electronic Literature Organization 2017: Affiliations, Translations, Communities (ELO 2017) 
 19/07/2017

 Electronic Literature Organization 2012 Media Art Show: Electrifying Literature: Affordances and Constraints 
 20/06/2012

 Officina di Letteratura Elettronica/Workshop of Electronic Literature 
 20/01/2011

 E-Poetry 2007 
 20/05/2007

 Electronic Literature Organization 2008 Media Arts Show: Visionary Landscapes 
 29/05/2008

 E-Poetry 2011 
 17/05/2011

 afterflash: Showcasing Flash Fiction, Poetry, and Essays from The NEXT 
 24/05/2021

 ELMCIP Seminar on Electronic Literature Communities 
 20/09/2010

 Electronic Literature in Europe 2008 
 11/09/2008

 Electronic Literature & Its Emerging Forms 
 03/04/2013

 SLSAeu Conference 2021: Literary and Aesthetic Posthumanism 
 04/03/2021

 Attention à la marche! Mind the Gap! 
 13/08/2018

 POIESIS <POEMA>ENTRE PIXEL E PROGRAMA</> 
 23/10/2007

 Avenues of Access: An Exhibit & Online Archive of New 'Born Digital' Literature at the MLA 2013 Convention 
 03/01/2013

 Decentering: Global Electronic Literature 
 06/08/2015

 See all events 

 Databases and Archives
 78 records

 Name
 Updated

 ADA - Archive of Digital Art (former Database of Virtual Art) 
 29/09/2014

 ADEL (Archive of German Electronic Literature) 
 23/11/2018

 Alfred Gillett Trust 
 15/07/2023

 Antología Lit(e)Lat Volumen 1 
 30/11/2021

 Arabic Electronic Literature, arabicelit (AEL) 
 23/03/2024

 See all databases and archives 

 Research Collections
 69 records

 Title
 Curator

 Advanced Graphic Technologies in performed e-lit creative works 

 Affirmative post-cinema 

 Bot-mimicry 

 Bots! 

 Brazilian Electronic Literature Collection 

 See all research collections 

 Researchers Partners Anthology News/blog ELMCIP publications Accessibility report (Norwegian) v t f 

 This Work, ELMCIP, is licensed under a Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license , although certain works referenced herein may be separately licensed.