{
 "row": "sophistical-refutations",
 "entity": "sophistical-refutations",
 "address": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sophistical_Refutations&oldid=1361634710",
 "addresses": [
  {
   "address": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sophistical_Refutations&oldid=1361634710",
   "surface": "Wikipedia (pinned revision)",
   "date": "2026-10-23"
  }
 ],
 "epoch": "2026-10-25",
 "type": "C (public entity: the subject of an encyclopedia article)",
 "surface": "Wikipedia (pinned revision)",
 "auth": "public revision",
 "status": {
  "procedure": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690: witness case, ρ = constructs, read by SPXI-gnΩsis 0.19.7 (gnosis-S7/0.1 (EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690)); archive subset selected under §3.4 D/R/O with the hop (scripts/non_traverse.py at archive commit 0f9f7b546e07), admission by two independent reading passes, the hop screened by string and read; composed from the entity's ledgers; the composer read the ledgers, never the transcript",
  "ledger": "unaudited (§3.8: one extractor per ledger); field quotes located verbatim in the saved source texts 71/72; archive quotes located verbatim in the deposit texts 327/353",
  "frozen": false,
  "readings": "live (claude-sonnet-5-5; triage claude-haiku-5-5)"
 },
 "spec": "EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690",
 "objects": {
  "T": {
   "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/sophistical-refutations-1361634710/T-revision.txt",
   "sha256": "e7c513640d06af406d2c504700fa2e5a8e6aed6c59b9a2c785bd3e52271b3877",
   "words": 148,
   "cards": 4,
   "inline_source_labels": 21,
   "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sophistical_Refutations&oldid=1361634710",
   "licence": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (Wikipedia contributors; the revision URL is the attribution)",
   "claims": [
    "W1 Sophistical Refutations (Greek: Σοφιστικοὶ Ἔλεγχοι, romanized: Sophistikoi Elenchoi; Latin: De Sophisticis Elenchis) is a text in Aristotle's Organon in which he identified twelve or thirteen fallacies.",
    "W2 According to Aristotle, this is the first work to treat the subject of deductive reasoning in ancient Greece (Soph. Ref., 34, 183b34 ff.).",
    "W3 In it, he attempts to develop a pattern of sound and genuine reasoning in opposition to the deceptive or misleading \"art of sophistry\".",
    "W4 On Sophistical Refutations consists of 34 chapters.",
    "W5 The book naturally falls in two parts: chapters concerned with tactics for the Questioner (3–8 and 12–15) and chapters concerned with tactics for the Answerer (16–32).",
    "W6 Besides, there is an introduction (1–2), an interlude (9–11), and a conclusion (33–34).",
    "W7 The fallacies Aristotle identifies in Chapter 4 (formal fallacies) and 5 (informal fallacies) of this book are the following:",
    "W8 Figure of speech or form of expression"
   ],
   "note": "T is the pinned Wikipedia revision, sentence by sentence; its disclosed field B is every source the revision cites (EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9 §0.4 applied to an encyclopedia article: the article is the composition at the address)."
  },
  "KO": {
   "title": "Sophistical Refutations",
   "genre": "knowledge object, witness case, under EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9 (#1690)",
   "status": "composed 2026-10-25 by SPXI-gnΩsis; not frozen",
   "sentences": [
    {
     "n": 1,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "Sophistical Refutations is Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation: per the translation of Pickard-Cambridge, it states its subject as \"sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead\".",
     "claims": [
      "F1"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 2,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "The treatise defines reasoning as resting on \"certain statements such that they involve necessarily the assertion of something other than what has been stated, through what has been stated\", and refutation as \"reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion\".",
     "claims": [
      "F2"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 3,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "It extends the definition: a sophistical refutation and syllogism is one that \"appears to be valid but is not\" and also one which, \"though it is valid, only appears to be appropriate to the thing in question\".",
     "claims": [
      "F20"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 4,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "The art of the sophist is defined there as \"the semblance of wisdom without the reality\", and contentious arguments as those that reason or appear to reason from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not.",
     "claims": [
      "F6",
      "F7"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 5,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "The treatise itself places demonstrative arguments in the Analytics and dialectic and examination arguments elsewhere, and a field source reads the work as \"a final section, or an appendix, to the Topics\", a reading it holds as interpretation.",
     "claims": [
      "F8",
      "F38"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 6,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "The grouping of the work in an Organon is attributed by the same field source to \"the ancient commentators\", and that source adds that \"Aristotle himself never uses this term\".",
     "claims": [
      "F36",
      "F37"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 7,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "The treatise states a two-fold division: \"two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language\".",
     "claims": [
      "F11"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 8,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "Six depend on language, listed as \"ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression\", and seven are independent of it.",
     "claims": [
      "F12",
      "F13"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 9,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "Language is given its weight by a statement of the work: \"the most prolific and usual domain is the argument that turns upon names only\", because \"names are finite and so is the sum-total of formulae, while things are infinite in number\", so that a single name has a number of meanings.",
     "claims": [
      "F4",
      "F5"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 10,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "Its examples include the ambiguity of \"learn\" in \"Those learn who know\" and the accident fallacy of Coriscus, who if different from \"man\" would be \"different from himself: for he is a man\".",
     "claims": [
      "F14",
      "F16"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 11,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "Archive deposit 1697 reads the article's later Fallacies section as a conversion: its labels contradict its list, and a stated criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-07",
      "SR1697-08"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 12,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "That reading is paired in the deposit with the finding that the narrowing is unsound against the article's own sources, and the edit history records the section's labels as one editor's own reading of the text.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-09",
      "SR1697-20"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 13,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "The treatise distinguishes examination from sophistry: the art of examining is a branch of dialectic, while sophistic refutations, even when they prove the contradictory of a thesis, do not make clear whether the answerer is ignorant.",
     "claims": [
      "F21",
      "F22"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 14,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "A dialectician is one who \"regards the common principles with their application to the particular matter in hand\", and one who only appears to do so is a sophist.",
     "claims": [
      "F25"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 15,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "The treatise says it is possible \"to hold an examination on everything\" by an art that \"is not of the same kind as those which demonstrate\".",
     "claims": [
      "F29"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 16,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "It lists five aims of contentious disputants, ending with reducing the opponent to babbling.",
     "claims": [
      "F9"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 17,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "Krabbe, cited in deposit 1697, calls it \"a useful treatise for sophists\" who \"should study fallacies not to avoid them, but rather to commit them when it suits their purposes\"; the deposit finds the article's opposition between dialectic and sophistry in tension with that reading.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-14"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 18,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "The same deposit reads the article's lead as substituting a truth-normative pattern for the endoxic capacity and as dropping the premisses, which are the programme's scope.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-13"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 19,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "Deposit 1585 reads the work stylometrically as a registry of what people do in argument, a candidate reading it states as a hypothesis, and deposits 1585 and 1586 place it at the world pole of the first axis, while a file erratum in 1586 puts the real text on the apparatus side.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1585-03",
      "SR1585-06",
      "SR1586-23"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 20,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "The work ends in chapter 34 with a recapitulation of the aim, in the Greek: \"Προειλόμεθα μὲν οὖν εὑρεῖν δύναμίν τινα συλλογιστικὴν περὶ τοῦ προβληθέντος ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ὡς ἐνδοξοτάτων\".",
     "claims": [
      "F42"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 21,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "The work of that capacity is given as dialectic's and the peirastic's: \"τοῦτο γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τῆς διαλεκτικῆς καθ᾿ αὑτὴν καὶ τῆς πειραστικῆς\", and the text adds that sophistic's proximity shapes the discipline.",
     "claims": [
      "F43",
      "F44"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 22,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "Deposit 1697 reads the epilogue as an accounting of a capacity (δύναμις) for dialectic and peirastic.",
     "claims": [
      "SRblog-33"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 23,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "The chapter holds that Socrates \"asked and did not answer\": \"Σωκράτης ἠρώτα, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνετο· ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι\".",
     "claims": [
      "F46"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 24,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "Deposit 1603 reads this as either the artless examining everyone shares, from which nothing is received, or something the epilogue files under the inquiry's own purposes, and on neither reading as an antecedent source.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-05",
      "SR1603-06"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 25,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "The chapter then states, in the Greek of 183b34-36: \"Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν.\"",
     "claims": [
      "F64"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 26,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "It adds, of syllogizing: \"περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ τριβῇ ζητοῦντες πολὺν χρόνον ἐπονοῦμεν\".",
     "claims": [
      "F65"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 27,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "Deposit 1603 reads the sentence literally, as denying that anything of the inquiry existed beforehand, and holds that the closing chapter is built joint by joint so that the sentence can be kept.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-01",
      "SR1603-02"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 28,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "The deposit finds the transmission vocabulary, παρ᾽ ἑτέρων, ἐκ διαδοχῆς, ἐκ παραδόσεως, freshly used with three lines of names attached, and held in no instance of Socrates, and it reads the origination vocabulary ἐξ ὑπαρχῆς, ἐξ ἀρχῆς likewise.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-12",
      "SR1603-13"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 29,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "Deposit 1603 reads the ending as performing the peirastic operation on its reader: a reader who qualifies the sentence supplies what the text was written without, and does not perceive the supplying.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-15",
      "SR1603-17"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 30,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "The deposit disclaims any design: it does not claim the chapter was built as a trap, since structures do not need intentions to function.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-16"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 31,
     "para": 5,
     "text": "Deposit 1603 leaves Socrates' possession of the art where the chapter leaves it.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-10"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 32,
     "para": 6,
     "text": "The chapter divides discoveries by provenance: rhetoric advanced by succession, \"Τισίας μὲν μετὰ τοὺς πρώτους, Θρασύμαχος δὲ μετὰ Τισίαν, Θεόδωρος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον\".",
     "claims": [
      "F67",
      "SRblog-35"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 33,
     "para": 6,
     "text": "The paid teachers of eristic are likened to the instruction of Gorgias, and the text says they gave \"οὐ γὰρ τέχνην ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης\", the products of the art and not the art.",
     "claims": [
      "F68",
      "F69"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 34,
     "para": 6,
     "text": "The text illustrates this with a shoemaker analogy: one who promised knowledge to spare the feet pain, and taught no shoemaking.",
     "claims": [
      "F70"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 35,
     "para": 6,
     "text": "The work closes by naming its own pioneering condition: \"δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν\", and by asking its hearers for indulgence toward omissions and thanks for what has been found.",
     "claims": [
      "F71",
      "F72"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 36,
     "para": 7,
     "text": "Translators of the closing sentence render it whole, according to deposit 1603: the narrowing, to \"no systematic treatment\" or \"no completed art\", enters in the gloss.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1603-03"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 37,
     "para": 7,
     "text": "Poste's note, as quoted in a blog catalogue record, finds it \"difficult to reconcile Aristotle's assertion with what we know had been done by Plato and Socrates and the Eleatics and Megarians\"; the record reads the premise as what we know and the sentence as what must be reconciled with it.",
     "claims": [
      "SRblog-31",
      "SRblog-32"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 38,
     "para": 7,
     "text": "The archive's tension with Prior Analytics I.31, where Aristotle calls division, practised throughout the Platonic dialogues, part of the inquiry, is stated in deposit 1576 and is read there as a tension and not as a refutation.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1576-01"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 39,
     "para": 7,
     "text": "A blog record reports that across twenty rounds of simulated review, each round inserted a qualifier into the sentence, and that the terminal round endorsed a sentence that is Aristotle's with the particle οὐ removed.",
     "claims": [
      "SRblog-42",
      "SRblog-43"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 40,
     "para": 7,
     "text": "The record reads this as the reception deleting the negation at composition, unperceived, as Sophistical Refutations 16 predicts, and as restoring provenance from others.",
     "claims": [
      "SRblog-45",
      "SRblog-46"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 41,
     "para": 8,
     "text": "The article's lead states the work's priority as an attribute; deposit 1696 reads the sentence \"about syllogizing we had absolutely nothing else earlier to say\" as becoming \"the first work to treat the subject of deductive reasoning\", a total negation over a stated domain turned into a property, primacy.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1696-05",
      "SR1696-06"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 42,
     "para": 8,
     "text": "Deposit 1697 reads this conversion as the clearest of the article's changes, and records its edit history as the composition of two edits that ran opposite ways.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-04",
      "SR1697-19"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 43,
     "para": 8,
     "text": "On the same article, deposit 1697 finds the claim of exhaustiveness hedged by a footnote folded into the text, \"Sometimes listed as twelve.\", added in a 2025 edit.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-11",
      "SR1697-21"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 44,
     "para": 8,
     "text": "The same deposit records that other sentences of the article stay faithful to their source, finding no attributization in them.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-15"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 45,
     "para": 8,
     "text": "Deposit 1697 notes that no discussion of the lead, the gloss, the qualifier or the labels has ever taken place on the talk page.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1697-22"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 46,
     "para": 9,
     "text": "Deposit 1576 states that the priority claim sits in tension with Prior Analytics I.31; deposit 1579 traces the edition of a received Socrates in the Second Letter into Aristotle's epilogue at SE 34 and leaves open whether such an edition implies anything about how many hands made the texts.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1576-01",
      "SRblog-07",
      "SR1579-24"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 47,
     "para": 9,
     "text": "Deposit 1587 holds that the two names Aristotle and Theophrastus fail as two authors and leaves the maker-count open.",
     "claims": [
      "SR1587-01",
      "SR1587-03"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "field_claims": {
    "F1": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1, opening",
     "quote": "Let us now discuss sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead.",
     "claim": "The treatise's subject is sophistic refutations, defined as apparent refutations that are really fallacies.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "subject: sophistic refutations are apparent refutations",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F2": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "reasoning rests on certain statements such that they involve necessarily the assertion of something other than what has been stated, through what has been stated: refutation is reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
     "claim": "Reasoning is defined as statements necessarily entailing something other than what was stated, and refutation as reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "definition of reasoning and refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F3": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "That some reasonings are genuine, while others seem to be so but are not, is evident.",
     "claim": "Some reasonings are genuine while others only seem so, through a likeness between genuine and sham.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "genuine vs apparent reasoning",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F4": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "of these the most prolific and usual domain is the argument that turns upon names only.",
     "claim": "The most prolific domain of apparent refutation is argument turning on names alone.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "names as chief source of apparent refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F5": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "For names are finite and so is the sum-total of formulae, while things are infinite in number. Inevitably, then, the same formulae, and a single name, have a number of meanings.",
     "claim": "Because names are finite and things infinite, single names and formulae must have multiple meanings, which makes equivocal argument possible.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "finite names vs infinite things explains equivocation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F6": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "the art of the sophist is the semblance of wisdom without the reality",
     "claim": "The sophist's art is defined as the semblance of wisdom without the reality.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "definition of the sophist's art",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F7": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 2 (end)",
     "quote": "contentious arguments are those that reason or appear to reason to a conclusion from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not so.",
     "claim": "Contentious arguments are defined as those that reason or appear to reason from premisses that seem generally accepted but are not.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "definition of contentious argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F8": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 2 (end)",
     "quote": "The subject, then, of demonstrative arguments has been discussed in the Analytics, while that of dialectic arguments and examination-arguments has been discussed elsewhere",
     "claim": "Demonstrative, dialectical and examination arguments are treated elsewhere, so this work turns to arguments used in competitions and contests.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "scope relative to Analytics and Topics",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F9": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 3",
     "quote": "These are five in number, refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism, and fifthly to reduce the opponent in the discussion to babbling",
     "claim": "Contentious disputants have five aims: refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism and reducing the opponent to babbling.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "five aims of contentious disputants",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F10": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 3",
     "quote": "For they choose if possible plainly to refute the other party, or as the second best to show that he is committing some fallacy, or as a third best to lead him into paradox",
     "claim": "The five aims are ranked, with refutation preferred first and repetition a last resort.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "ranking of sophistic aims",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F11": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "There are two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language.",
     "claim": "Refutations divide into those depending on language and those independent of it.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "two-fold division of fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F12": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "they are ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression.",
     "claim": "There are six language-dependent fallacies, a number assured by induction and by syllogistic proof.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "six language-dependent fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F13": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "Of fallacies, on the other hand, that are independent of language there are seven kinds:",
     "claim": "There are seven kinds of fallacy independent of language: accident, qualified/absolute, ignorance of refutation, consequent, begging the question, false cause, many questions as one.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "seven non-linguistic fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F14": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "'Those learn who know: for it is those who know their letters who learn the letters dictated to them'. For to 'learn' is ambiguous",
     "claim": "The argument 'those learn who know' exemplifies ambiguity, since 'learn' means both to understand and to acquire knowledge.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "text",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "example of ambiguity: learning",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F15": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 5",
     "quote": "Fallacies, then, that depend on Accident occur whenever any attribute is claimed to belong in like manner to a thing and to its accident.",
     "claim": "Fallacies of accident occur when an attribute is claimed to belong alike to a thing and to its accident.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "definition of fallacy of accident",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F16": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 5",
     "quote": "'If Coriscus be different from \"man\", he is different from himself: for he is a man'",
     "claim": "The Coriscus argument exemplifies the fallacy of accident.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "text",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "example of accident: Coriscus",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F17": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
     "quote": "deception comes about because we cannot distinguish the sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. their unity and multiplicity",
     "claim": "Accident fallacies deceive because we cannot distinguish sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. unity and multiplicity.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "cause of deception in accident fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F18": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
     "quote": "the deception consists in the smallness of the difference involved",
     "claim": "Qualified/absolute, begging-the-question, false-cause and many-questions fallacies deceive because the difference is small.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "smallness of difference as cause of deception",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F19": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
     "quote": "for the consequent is a branch of Accident.",
     "claim": "The fallacy of the consequent is treated as a branch of the fallacy of accident.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "consequent as branch of accident",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F20": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
     "quote": "By a sophistical refutation and syllogism I mean not only a syllogism or refutation which appears to be valid but is not, but also one which, though it is valid, only appears to be appropriate to the thing in question.",
     "claim": "Sophistical refutation is defined to include both apparently valid invalid arguments and valid arguments that only appear appropriate to the subject.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "extended definition of sophistical refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F21": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
     "quote": "Now the art of examining is a branch of dialectic: and this may prove a false conclusion because of the ignorance of the answerer.",
     "claim": "The art of examination is a branch of dialectic and may reach a false conclusion through the answerer's ignorance.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "examination as branch of dialectic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F22": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
     "quote": "Sophistic refutations on the other hand, even though they prove the contradictory of his thesis, do not make clear whether he is ignorant",
     "claim": "Sophistic refutations, even when they prove the contradictory of the thesis, do not show whether the answerer is ignorant.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "sophistic refutation fails to expose ignorance",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F23": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1 (end), on didactic and dialectical argument",
     "quote": "while he who argues didactically should not ask questions but make things clear himself, the other should merely ask questions.",
     "claim": "Didactic argument explains rather than asks questions, while dialectical argument only asks them.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "didactic vs dialectical argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F24": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "to claim a 'Yes' or 'No' answer is the business not of a man who is showing something, but of one who is holding an examination.",
     "claim": "Demanding a yes/no answer belongs to the examiner, not to one who is demonstrating.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "yes/no questioning belongs to examination",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F25": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "He, then, is a dialectician who regards the common principles with their application to the particular matter in hand, while he who only appears to do this is a sophist.",
     "claim": "The dialectician is defined as one who applies common principles to the matter in hand, the sophist as one who only appears to.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "dialectician vs sophist",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F26": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "But Bryson's method of squaring the circle, even if the circle is thereby squared, is still sophistical because it does not conform to the subject in hand.",
     "claim": "Bryson's squaring of the circle is sophistical because it does not conform to the subject, even if it succeeds; false geometrical diagrams such as Hippocrates' are not contentious.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Bryson's squaring of the circle is sophistical",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F27": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "any reasoning that merely appears to conform to the subject in hand, even though it be genuine reasoning, is a contentious argument",
     "claim": "Any reasoning merely appearing to conform to the subject, even if genuine, is contentious.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "contentious argument includes valid but inappropriate reasoning",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F28": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "the contentious reasoner will not be given to misreasoning from any definite class of principles, but will deal with every class.",
     "claim": "The contentious reasoner misreasons from every class of principles, unlike the drawer of a false diagram, who is confined to one subject.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "contentious reasoner unrestricted by subject",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F29": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "it is possible from these general principles to hold an examination on everything, and that there should be a definite art of so doing, and, moreover, an art which is not of the same kind as those which demonstrate.",
     "claim": "General principles allow examination on any subject and so permit a definite art of examination distinct from demonstrative arts.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "general principles ground the art of examination",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F30": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11 (end)",
     "quote": "that it belongs to the dialectician to study these, and to be able to effect them, is not difficult to see: for the investigation of premisses comprises the whole of this study.",
     "claim": "The dialectician is the one to study and be able to produce sophistical refutations, since investigating premisses comprises the whole of the study.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "dialectician studies sophistical refutations",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F31": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 12",
     "quote": "people are more inclined to make mistakes when they talk at large, and they talk at large when they have no defini",
     "claim": "Questioning without reference to a definite subject best induces fallacy and paradox, since people err more when they talk at large.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "indefinite questioning induces error",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F32": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "Aristotle’s logic, especially his theory of the syllogism, has had an unparalleled influence on the history of Western thought.",
     "claim": "Aristotle's logic, especially the syllogism theory, has had unparalleled influence on Western thought.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Aristotle's logic's unparalleled influence",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F33": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "This article is written from the latter perspective. As such, it is about Aristotle’s logic, which is not always the same thing as what has been called “Aristotelian” logic.",
     "claim": "The article adopts the modern formal-techniques perspective and distinguishes Aristotle's logic from what has been called 'Aristotelian' logic.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "article scope: Aristotle's logic vs Aristotelian logic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F34": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "More recent scholarship has often applied the very techniques of mathematical logic to Aristotle’s theories, revealing (in the opinion of many) a number of similarities of approach and interest between Aristotle and modern logicians.",
     "claim": "Applying mathematical logic to Aristotle's theories has, in many scholars' opinion, revealed similarities with modern logicians.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "similarity of Aristotle and modern logic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F35": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "Kant thought that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic",
     "claim": "Kant held that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Kant on Aristotle's completeness",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F36": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
     "quote": "The ancient commentators grouped together several of Aristotle’s treatises under the title Organon (“Instrument”) and regarded them as comprising his logical works:",
     "claim": "Ancient commentators grouped certain treatises, including On Sophistical Refutations, as the Organon, his logical works.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Organon grouping includes Sophistical Refutations",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F37": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
     "quote": "Aristotle himself never uses this term, nor does he give much indication that these particular treatises form some kind of group",
     "claim": "Aristotle never uses the term Organon and gives little sign that the treatises form a group.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "fact",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Organon title not Aristotle's",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F38": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
     "quote": "On Sophistical Refutations is a final section, or an appendix, to the Topics",
     "claim": "On Sophistical Refutations is a final section or appendix to the Topics.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Sophistical Refutations as appendix to Topics",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F39": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "8.3.1 Gymnastic Dialectic",
     "quote": "In these exchanges, one participant took the role of answerer, the other the role of questioner.",
     "claim": "Academy dialectical exchanges, the practice the Topics (and so its appendix) presupposes, had questioner and answerer roles.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "fact",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Academic dialectical exchange structure",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F40": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "8.3.1 Gymnastic Dialectic",
     "quote": "to refute ( elenchein ) the answerer’s position",
     "claim": "The questioner's aim was to refute the answerer's thesis by deriving a contradiction from concessions.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "dialectical refutation aim",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F41": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Table of contents",
     "quote": "10. Sophistical Arguments",
     "claim": "The article has a dedicated section on sophistical arguments, listed after dialectic and rhetoric.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "SEP section on sophistical arguments",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F42": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "Προειλόμεθα μὲν οὖν εὑρεῖν δύναμίν τινα συλλογιστικὴν περὶ τοῦ προβληθέντος ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ὡς ἐνδοξοτάτων",
     "claim": "The treatise's stated aim was to find a capacity for reasoning (syllogistic) on any proposed problem from the most reputable available premises.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "aim: syllogistic capacity from endoxa",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F43": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "τοῦτο γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τῆς διαλεκτικῆς καθ᾿ αὑτὴν καὶ τῆς πειραστικῆς",
     "claim": "Finding such a capacity is the proper work of dialectic in itself and of examination (peirastic).",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "function of dialectic and peirastic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F44": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "Ἐπεὶ δὲ προσκατασκευάζεται πρὸς αὐτὴν διὰ τὴν τῆς σοφιστικῆς γειτνίασιν, ὡς οὐ μόνον πεῖραν δύναται λαβεῖν διαλεκτικῶς ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς εἰδώς",
     "claim": "Because of sophistic's proximity, the discipline is fitted out so as to be able to test dialectically and also to proceed as one who knows.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "sophistic's proximity shapes the discipline",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F45": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "ὅπως λόγον ὑπέχοντες φυλάξομεν τὴν θέσιν ὡς δι᾿ ἐνδοξοτάτων ὁμοτρόπως",
     "claim": "A further aim is how, when giving an account, to guard one's thesis through the most reputable premises in the same manner.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "aim: defending a thesis",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F46": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "ἐπεὶ καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Σωκράτης ἠρώτα, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνετο· ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι.",
     "claim": "Socrates asked questions and did not answer because he admitted he did not know.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Socrates asked and did not answer",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F47": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
     "quote": "Τὸν αὐτὸν γὰρ λόγον δεῖ καλεῖν τὸν παρὰ ταὐτὸ γινόμενον",
     "claim": "An argument arising from the same source of fallacy must be called the same argument.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "identity of arguments by source of fallacy",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F48": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
     "quote": "ὁ αὐτὸς δὲ λόγος τοῖς μὲν παρὰ τὴν λέξιν τοῖς δὲ παρὰ τὸ συμβεβηκὸς τοῖς δὲ παρ᾿ ἕτερον δόξειεν ἂν εἶναι διὰ τὸ μεταφερόμενον ἕκαστον μὴ ὁμοίως εἶναι δῆλον.",
     "claim": "The same argument may seem to different people to fall under language, accident or another source, because it is not equally clear when transferred.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "one argument classified differently by different people",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F49": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
     "quote": "Δεῖ δὲ καὶ κατανοεῖν ὅτι πάντων τῶν λόγων οἱ μέν εἰσι ῥᾴους κατιδεῖν οἱ δὲ χαλεπώτεροι, παρὰ τί καὶ ἐν τίνι παραλογίζονται τὸν ἀκούοντα",
     "claim": "Some arguments are easier, others harder, to see through, as to what they deceive the hearer by and in.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "arguments differ in difficulty of detection",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F50": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "ὥσπερ δοκεῖ τρόπος εὐηθέστατος εἶναι τῶν παραλογισμῶν",
     "claim": "Fallacies from homonymy are held to be the silliest mode of fallacy.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "homonymy as silliest fallacy mode",
     "quote_ok": false
    },
    "F51": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "καὶ γὰρ οἱ λόγοι σχεδὸν οἱ γελοῖοι πάντες εἰσὶ παρὰ τὴν λέξιν",
     "claim": "Almost all jocular arguments depend on language.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "jokes depend on language",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F52": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "Τὰ δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἐμπειροτάτους φαίνεται λανθάνειν· σημεῖον δὲ τούτων ὅτι μάχονται πολλάκις περὶ τῶν ὀνομάτων",
     "claim": "Some homonymy-based fallacies escape even the most experienced, as shown by their frequent disputes about names.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "homonymy escapes the experienced",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F53": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "οἱ δὲ τὸν Ζήνωνος λόγον καὶ Παρμενίδου λύουσι διὰ τὸ πολλαχῶς φάναι τὸ ἓν λέγεσθαι καὶ τὸ ὄν.",
     "claim": "Some solve the argument of Zeno and Parmenides by saying that 'one' and 'being' are said in many ways.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Zeno/Parmenides solved by multiple senses of one and being",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F54": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on difficulty of classification",
     "quote": "καὶ λαβεῖν ἐν τίνι γένει, καὶ πότερον ἔλεγχος ἢ οὐκ ἔλεγχος, οὐ ῥᾴδιον ὁμοίως περὶ πάντων.",
     "claim": "Determining the kind of fallacy and whether an argument is a refutation or not is not equally easy in all cases.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "limit",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "classification not equally easy",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F55": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
     "quote": "Ἔστι δὲ δριμὺς λόγος ὅστις ἀπορεῖν ποιεῖ μάλιστα· δάκνει γὰρ οὗτος μάλιστα.",
     "claim": "A pungent argument is one that most produces perplexity; it bites most.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "definition of the pungent argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F56": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
     "quote": "Ἀπορία δ᾿ ἐστὶ διττή, ἡ μὲν ἐν τοῖς συλλελογισμένοις, ὅ τι ἀνέλῃ τις τῶν ἐρωτημάτων, ἡ δ᾿ ἐν τοῖς ἐριστικοῖς, πῶς εἴπῃ τις τὸ προταθέν.",
     "claim": "Perplexity is twofold: in valid arguments, which question to remove; in eristic ones, how to state the proposition.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "two kinds of aporia",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F57": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
     "quote": "Ἔστι δὲ συλλογιστικὸς μὲν λόγος δριμύτατος, ἂν ἐξ ὅτι μάλιστα δοκούντων ὅτι μάλιστα ἔνδοξον ἀναιρῇ.",
     "claim": "The most pungent valid argument is one that overturns a maximally reputable view from maximally reputable premises.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "most pungent valid argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F58": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on eristic arguments",
     "quote": "Τῶν δ᾿ ἐριστικῶν δριμύτατος μὲν ὁ πρῶτον εὐθὺς ἄδηλος πότερον συλλελόγισται ἢ οὔ",
     "claim": "The most pungent eristic argument is one where it is at first unclear whether it is a valid deduction and whether the solution lies in falsity or division.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "most pungent eristic argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F59": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on non-deductive arguments",
     "quote": "ἐνίοτε δ᾿ οὐκ ἄξιος καταφρονεῖσθαι.",
     "claim": "An argument that is not a valid deduction is sometimes not to be despised.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "non-deductive argument not always despicable",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F60": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on non-deductive arguments",
     "quote": "ἀλλ᾿ ὁ μὲν λόγος ἐπιεικής, ὁ δ᾿ ἐρωτῶν ἠρώτηκεν οὐ καλῶς.",
     "claim": "Where the missing element is external, the argument is decent but the questioner has questioned badly.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "fault in questioner vs argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F61": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on modes of solution",
     "quote": "ὥσπερ λύειν ὁτὲ μὲν πρὸς τὸν λόγον ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς τὸν ἐρωτῶντα καὶ τὴν ἐρώτησιν ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς οὐδέτερον τούτων",
     "claim": "A solution may be directed at the argument, at the questioner and question, or at neither; likewise questioning may be directed at the thesis, the answerer or the time.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "solutions directed at argument, questioner or neither",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F62": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, summary of topics treated",
     "quote": "Ἐκ πόσων μὲν οὖν καὶ ποίων γίνονται τοῖς διαλεγομένοις οἱ παραλογισμοί, καὶ πῶς δείξομέν τε ψευδόμενον",
     "claim": "The author summarises what has been covered: sources of fallacies, refuting and leading to paradox, premises, ordering of questions, uses, answering, and solving arguments.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "summary of topics treated",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F63": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation",
     "quote": "Ὅτι μὲν οὖν ἔχει τέλος ἱκανῶς ἃ προειλόμεθα, φανερόν",
     "claim": "It is clear that what was undertaken has been adequately completed.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "claim of adequate completion",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F64": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on lack of predecessors",
     "quote": "Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν.",
     "claim": "For this inquiry nothing at all had been worked out previously.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "no predecessors for the theory of syllogism and refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F65": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on lack of predecessors",
     "quote": "περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ τριβῇ ζητοῦντες πολὺν χρόνον ἐπονοῦμεν.",
     "claim": "On reasoning there was nothing previously to cite; the author laboured long by trial and inquiry.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "no predecessors for the theory of syllogism and refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F66": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on beginnings",
     "quote": "Μέγιστον γὰρ ἴσως ἀρχὴ παντός, ὥσπερ λέγεται· διὸ καὶ χαλεπώτατον",
     "claim": "A beginning is perhaps the greatest part of everything, and hence the hardest; discoveries made from scratch grow little at first but are far more useful than later growth.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "value and difficulty of beginnings",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F67": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on rhetoric's development",
     "quote": "Τισίας μὲν μετὰ τοὺς πρώτους, Θρασύμαχος δὲ μετὰ Τισίαν, Θεόδωρος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον",
     "claim": "Rhetoric grew by succession: Tisias after the first, Thrasymachus after Tisias, Theodorus after him.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "succession in rhetoric",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F68": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on paid teachers of eristic",
     "quote": "Καὶ γὰρ τῶν περὶ τοὺς ἐριστικοὺς λόγους μισθαρνούντων ὁμοία τις ἦν ἡ παίδευσις τῇ Γοργίου πραγματείᾳ.",
     "claim": "The paid teachers of eristic arguments used an education similar to Gorgias' practice, handing over arguments to memorise.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "paid teachers taught by memorised arguments",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F69": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on paid teachers of eristic",
     "quote": "οὐ γὰρ τέχνην ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης διδόντες παιδεύειν ὑπελάμβανον",
     "claim": "Their teaching was quick but artless: they gave the products of an art, not the art, and thought they were educating.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "teaching products of the art rather than the art",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F70": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, shoemaker analogy",
     "quote": "ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τις ἐπιστήμην φάσκων παραδώσειν ἐπὶ τὸ μηδὲν πονεῖν τοὺς πόδας, εἶτα σκυτοτομικὴν μὲν μὴ διδάσκοι",
     "claim": "Like someone promising to spare the feet pain who gives many kinds of shoes but does not teach shoemaking: he met the need but passed on no art.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "shoemaker analogy",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F71": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on the treatise's position",
     "quote": "δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν.",
     "claim": "We must keep in mind the condition attending this inquiry, namely that it began from nothing.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "limit",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "limit: pioneering status of the work",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F72": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, final appeal",
     "quote": "λοιπὸν ἂν εἴη πάντων ὑμῶν ἢ τῶν ἠκροαμένων ἔργον τοῖς μὲν παραλελειμμένοις τῆς μεθόδου συγγνώμην τοῖς δ᾿ εὑρημένοις πολλὴν ἔχειν χάριν.",
     "claim": "If the method seems adequate given its starting point, it remains for the audience to forgive its omissions and be warmly grateful for what has been discovered.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "limit",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "limit: pioneering status of the work",
     "quote_ok": true
    }
   },
   "field_sources": {
    "B1": "Aristotle; Translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge. \"On Sophistical Refutations\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
    "B2": "Edward N. Zalta, ed. (18 March 2000). \"Aristotle's Logic, < Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy>\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
    "B3": "Aristotle, De sophisticis elenchis (chapter 33)",
    "B4": "Krabbe, E.C.W. (2012). \"Aristotle's On Sophistical Refutations\". Topoi. 31: 243–248. doi:10.1007/s11245-012-9124-0. hdl:11370/9e6b3574-e6b1-4b91-bbe4-78954ac9ea80. S2CID 170350834."
   }
  },
  "P": {
   "title": "Sophistical Refutations",
   "lede": {
    "text": "Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation: reasoning that seems genuine but is not, or is valid yet inappropriate to the subject, closed by a recapitulation and a sentence denying that anything of the inquiry existed before it.",
    "claims": [
     "F1",
     "F20",
     "F64"
    ]
   },
   "sections": [
    {
     "icon": "definition",
     "head": "What it treats",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Subject",
       "text": "\"Sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead.\"",
       "claims": [
        "F1"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Refutation",
       "text": "Reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
       "claims": [
        "F2"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Extended sense",
       "text": "Includes reasoning that is valid but only appears appropriate to the thing in question.",
       "claims": [
        "F20"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Sophist's art",
       "text": "\"The semblance of wisdom without the reality.\"",
       "claims": [
        "F6"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "taxonomy",
     "head": "Kinds of fallacy",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Two styles",
       "text": "Dependent on language, and independent of language.",
       "claims": [
        "F11"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Six in language",
       "text": "Ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression.",
       "claims": [
        "F12"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Seven outside language",
       "text": "Stated as seven kinds.",
       "claims": [
        "F13"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Why names",
       "text": "Names are finite and things infinite, so one name carries several meanings.",
       "claims": [
        "F5"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "practice",
     "head": "Examination and sophistry",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Examination",
       "text": "A branch of dialectic.",
       "claims": [
        "F21"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Dialectician and sophist",
       "text": "The sophist only appears to apply the common principles to the matter in hand.",
       "claims": [
        "F25"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Krabbe's reading",
       "text": "\"A useful treatise for sophists\", read in deposit 1697 against the article's sophistry opposition.",
       "claims": [
        "SR1697-14"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "placement",
     "head": "Place among the treatises",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Appendix to the Topics",
       "text": "Held as a field interpretation.",
       "claims": [
        "F38"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Organon",
       "text": "A grouping by the ancient commentators; the title was never Aristotle's.",
       "claims": [
        "F36",
        "F37"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Stylometry",
       "text": "At the world pole on the first axis; the real text on the apparatus side after the file erratum.",
       "claims": [
        "SR1585-03",
        "SR1586-23"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "ending",
     "head": "The closing chapter",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Aim",
       "text": "A syllogistic capacity from endoxa, for dialectic and peirastic.",
       "claims": [
        "F42",
        "F43"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Socrates",
       "text": "\"Asked and did not answer\"; on the archive's reading an antecedent source on neither reading.",
       "claims": [
        "F46",
        "SR1603-06"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "No predecessors",
       "text": "\"οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν\", read literally in deposit 1603.",
       "claims": [
        "F64",
        "SR1603-01"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Rhetoric and eristic",
       "text": "Rhetoric grew by succession; paid teachers gave products, not the art.",
       "claims": [
        "F67",
        "F69"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Pioneering limit",
       "text": "Omissions are to be forgiven and discoveries thanked.",
       "claims": [
        "F71",
        "F72"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "reception",
     "head": "Reception",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Gloss",
       "text": "Translators render the sentence whole; the narrowing enters in the gloss.",
       "claims": [
        "SR1603-03"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Primacy",
       "text": "The article's lead turns the total negation into the attribute \"the first work to treat\".",
       "claims": [
        "SR1696-05",
        "SR1696-06"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Deleted particle",
       "text": "A review series deleted οὐ at composition, reported as unperceived.",
       "claims": [
        "SRblog-43",
        "SRblog-45"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Faithful sentences",
       "text": "Some article sentences stay faithful to their source.",
       "claims": [
        "SR1697-15"
       ]
      }
     ]
    }
   ],
   "open": [
    {
     "question": "Who made the texts filed under Aristotle and Theophrastus: one hand, several, a workshop?",
     "rests_on": [
      "SR1587-03",
      "SR1579-24"
     ],
     "modality": "hypothesis",
     "would_resolve": "Evidence on maker-count; the archive's stylometry does not decide hands or dates."
    },
    {
     "question": "Did Socrates possess the art?",
     "rests_on": [
      "SR1603-10"
     ],
     "modality": "self-description",
     "would_resolve": "Text beyond what the chapter supplies; the chapter leaves it open."
    },
    {
     "question": "Does the sentence at SE 34 reconcile with Prior Analytics I.31?",
     "rests_on": [
      "SR1576-01"
     ],
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "would_resolve": "A reading of division's status in the Platonic dialogues that fixes what the denial covers."
    }
   ],
   "rail": [
    {
     "lineage": "Priority claim",
     "claims": [
      "F64",
      "SR1603-01",
      "SR1696-05"
     ],
     "earliest": "SE 183b34-36"
    },
    {
     "lineage": "Taxonomy of fallacies",
     "claims": [
      "F11",
      "F12",
      "SR1697-07"
     ],
     "earliest": "SE 165b-166b"
    },
    {
     "lineage": "Examination and sophistry",
     "claims": [
      "F21",
      "F25",
      "SR1697-14"
     ],
     "earliest": "SE 165a-172a"
    },
    {
     "lineage": "Organon and Topics placement",
     "claims": [
      "F36",
      "F38"
     ],
     "earliest": "ancient commentators"
    }
   ],
   "genre": "the compression: AIO's interaction grammar (lede, headed clusters, bolded labels, card rail), composed from the knowledge object",
   "status": "composed 2026-10-25 from the knowledge object; not frozen",
   "entity": "Composed under v0.9, witness case (ρ = constructs)"
  },
  "P_B": {
   "title": "Sophistical Refutations",
   "lede": {
    "text": "Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation, with a division of fallacies into those dependent on language and those independent of it, closed by a claim that nothing preceded the inquiry.",
    "claims": [
     "F1",
     "F11",
     "F64"
    ]
   },
   "sections": [
    {
     "icon": "definition",
     "head": "What it treats",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Subject",
       "text": "Apparent refutations that are really fallacies.",
       "claims": [
        "F1"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Sophist's art",
       "text": "The semblance of wisdom without the reality.",
       "claims": [
        "F6"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "taxonomy",
     "head": "Kinds of fallacy",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Six in language",
       "text": "Ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division, accent, form of expression.",
       "claims": [
        "F12"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Seven outside language",
       "text": "Stated as seven kinds.",
       "claims": [
        "F13"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "placement",
     "head": "Place among the treatises",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Appendix to the Topics",
       "text": "A field interpretation.",
       "claims": [
        "F38"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Organon",
       "text": "A grouping by the ancient commentators.",
       "claims": [
        "F36"
       ]
      }
     ]
    },
    {
     "icon": "ending",
     "head": "The closing chapter",
     "items": [
      {
       "label": "Aim",
       "text": "A syllogistic capacity from endoxa.",
       "claims": [
        "F42"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "No predecessors",
       "text": "\"οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν\".",
       "claims": [
        "F64"
       ]
      },
      {
       "label": "Pioneering limit",
       "text": "Omissions forgiven, discoveries thanked.",
       "claims": [
        "F71",
        "F72"
       ]
      }
     ]
    }
   ],
   "rail": [
    {
     "lineage": "Taxonomy of fallacies",
     "claims": [
      "F11",
      "F12",
      "F13"
     ],
     "earliest": "SE 165b-166b"
    },
    {
     "lineage": "Priority claim",
     "claims": [
      "F64",
      "F65"
     ],
     "earliest": "SE 183b34-36"
    }
   ],
   "arm": "B (the field alone)",
   "genre": "popup — the compression, composed from the field ledger alone",
   "status": "composed 2026-10-25 from the field ledger alone; not frozen",
   "entity": "The field at its full resolution, with no archive claims admitted."
  },
  "KO_B": {
   "title": "Sophistical Refutations",
   "arm": "B (the field alone)",
   "genre": "the same plan, the field alone",
   "status": "draft 2026-10-25; not frozen",
   "sentences": [
    {
     "n": 1,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "Sophistical Refutations is Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation: per Pickard-Cambridge, it states its subject as \"sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead\".",
     "claims": [
      "F1"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 2,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "The treatise defines reasoning and refutation, and extends the sophistical sense to reasoning that is valid but only appears appropriate to the thing in question.",
     "claims": [
      "F2",
      "F20"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 3,
     "para": 1,
     "text": "It treats the sophist's art as \"the semblance of wisdom without the reality\".",
     "claims": [
      "F6"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 4,
     "para": 2,
     "text": "It divides fallacies into six dependent on language and seven independent of it, and says names are the chief source because names are finite and things infinite.",
     "claims": [
      "F11",
      "F12",
      "F13",
      "F4",
      "F5"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 5,
     "para": 3,
     "text": "The art of examining is a branch of dialectic, and a field source reads the work as an appendix to the Topics and places it in the Organon grouping of the ancient commentators.",
     "claims": [
      "F21",
      "F38",
      "F36"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 6,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "The work closes with a recapitulation of its aim, a syllogistic capacity from endoxa, with Socrates asking and not answering.",
     "claims": [
      "F42",
      "F46"
     ]
    },
    {
     "n": 7,
     "para": 4,
     "text": "Its last chapter states that of this inquiry \"οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν\", contrasts rhetoric's succession with paid teachers who gave products and not the art, and ends on its own pioneering limit.",
     "claims": [
      "F64",
      "F67",
      "F69",
      "F71",
      "F72"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "field_claims": {
    "F1": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1, opening",
     "quote": "Let us now discuss sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead.",
     "claim": "The treatise's subject is sophistic refutations, defined as apparent refutations that are really fallacies.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "subject: sophistic refutations are apparent refutations",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F2": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "reasoning rests on certain statements such that they involve necessarily the assertion of something other than what has been stated, through what has been stated: refutation is reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
     "claim": "Reasoning is defined as statements necessarily entailing something other than what was stated, and refutation as reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "definition of reasoning and refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F3": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "That some reasonings are genuine, while others seem to be so but are not, is evident.",
     "claim": "Some reasonings are genuine while others only seem so, through a likeness between genuine and sham.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "genuine vs apparent reasoning",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F4": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "of these the most prolific and usual domain is the argument that turns upon names only.",
     "claim": "The most prolific domain of apparent refutation is argument turning on names alone.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "names as chief source of apparent refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F5": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "For names are finite and so is the sum-total of formulae, while things are infinite in number. Inevitably, then, the same formulae, and a single name, have a number of meanings.",
     "claim": "Because names are finite and things infinite, single names and formulae must have multiple meanings, which makes equivocal argument possible.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "finite names vs infinite things explains equivocation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F6": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
     "quote": "the art of the sophist is the semblance of wisdom without the reality",
     "claim": "The sophist's art is defined as the semblance of wisdom without the reality.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "definition of the sophist's art",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F7": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 2 (end)",
     "quote": "contentious arguments are those that reason or appear to reason to a conclusion from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not so.",
     "claim": "Contentious arguments are defined as those that reason or appear to reason from premisses that seem generally accepted but are not.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "definition of contentious argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F8": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 2 (end)",
     "quote": "The subject, then, of demonstrative arguments has been discussed in the Analytics, while that of dialectic arguments and examination-arguments has been discussed elsewhere",
     "claim": "Demonstrative, dialectical and examination arguments are treated elsewhere, so this work turns to arguments used in competitions and contests.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "scope relative to Analytics and Topics",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F9": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 3",
     "quote": "These are five in number, refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism, and fifthly to reduce the opponent in the discussion to babbling",
     "claim": "Contentious disputants have five aims: refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism and reducing the opponent to babbling.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "five aims of contentious disputants",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F10": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 3",
     "quote": "For they choose if possible plainly to refute the other party, or as the second best to show that he is committing some fallacy, or as a third best to lead him into paradox",
     "claim": "The five aims are ranked, with refutation preferred first and repetition a last resort.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "ranking of sophistic aims",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F11": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "There are two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language.",
     "claim": "Refutations divide into those depending on language and those independent of it.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "two-fold division of fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F12": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "they are ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression.",
     "claim": "There are six language-dependent fallacies, a number assured by induction and by syllogistic proof.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "six language-dependent fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F13": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "Of fallacies, on the other hand, that are independent of language there are seven kinds:",
     "claim": "There are seven kinds of fallacy independent of language: accident, qualified/absolute, ignorance of refutation, consequent, begging the question, false cause, many questions as one.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "seven non-linguistic fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F14": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
     "quote": "'Those learn who know: for it is those who know their letters who learn the letters dictated to them'. For to 'learn' is ambiguous",
     "claim": "The argument 'those learn who know' exemplifies ambiguity, since 'learn' means both to understand and to acquire knowledge.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "text",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "example of ambiguity: learning",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F15": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 5",
     "quote": "Fallacies, then, that depend on Accident occur whenever any attribute is claimed to belong in like manner to a thing and to its accident.",
     "claim": "Fallacies of accident occur when an attribute is claimed to belong alike to a thing and to its accident.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "definition of fallacy of accident",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F16": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 5",
     "quote": "'If Coriscus be different from \"man\", he is different from himself: for he is a man'",
     "claim": "The Coriscus argument exemplifies the fallacy of accident.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "text",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "example of accident: Coriscus",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F17": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
     "quote": "deception comes about because we cannot distinguish the sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. their unity and multiplicity",
     "claim": "Accident fallacies deceive because we cannot distinguish sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. unity and multiplicity.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "cause of deception in accident fallacies",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F18": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
     "quote": "the deception consists in the smallness of the difference involved",
     "claim": "Qualified/absolute, begging-the-question, false-cause and many-questions fallacies deceive because the difference is small.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "smallness of difference as cause of deception",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F19": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
     "quote": "for the consequent is a branch of Accident.",
     "claim": "The fallacy of the consequent is treated as a branch of the fallacy of accident.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "consequent as branch of accident",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F20": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
     "quote": "By a sophistical refutation and syllogism I mean not only a syllogism or refutation which appears to be valid but is not, but also one which, though it is valid, only appears to be appropriate to the thing in question.",
     "claim": "Sophistical refutation is defined to include both apparently valid invalid arguments and valid arguments that only appear appropriate to the subject.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "extended definition of sophistical refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F21": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
     "quote": "Now the art of examining is a branch of dialectic: and this may prove a false conclusion because of the ignorance of the answerer.",
     "claim": "The art of examination is a branch of dialectic and may reach a false conclusion through the answerer's ignorance.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "examination as branch of dialectic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F22": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
     "quote": "Sophistic refutations on the other hand, even though they prove the contradictory of his thesis, do not make clear whether he is ignorant",
     "claim": "Sophistic refutations, even when they prove the contradictory of the thesis, do not show whether the answerer is ignorant.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "sophistic refutation fails to expose ignorance",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F23": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 1 (end), on didactic and dialectical argument",
     "quote": "while he who argues didactically should not ask questions but make things clear himself, the other should merely ask questions.",
     "claim": "Didactic argument explains rather than asks questions, while dialectical argument only asks them.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "didactic vs dialectical argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F24": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "to claim a 'Yes' or 'No' answer is the business not of a man who is showing something, but of one who is holding an examination.",
     "claim": "Demanding a yes/no answer belongs to the examiner, not to one who is demonstrating.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "yes/no questioning belongs to examination",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F25": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "He, then, is a dialectician who regards the common principles with their application to the particular matter in hand, while he who only appears to do this is a sophist.",
     "claim": "The dialectician is defined as one who applies common principles to the matter in hand, the sophist as one who only appears to.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "dialectician vs sophist",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F26": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "But Bryson's method of squaring the circle, even if the circle is thereby squared, is still sophistical because it does not conform to the subject in hand.",
     "claim": "Bryson's squaring of the circle is sophistical because it does not conform to the subject, even if it succeeds; false geometrical diagrams such as Hippocrates' are not contentious.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Bryson's squaring of the circle is sophistical",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F27": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "any reasoning that merely appears to conform to the subject in hand, even though it be genuine reasoning, is a contentious argument",
     "claim": "Any reasoning merely appearing to conform to the subject, even if genuine, is contentious.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "contentious argument includes valid but inappropriate reasoning",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F28": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "the contentious reasoner will not be given to misreasoning from any definite class of principles, but will deal with every class.",
     "claim": "The contentious reasoner misreasons from every class of principles, unlike the drawer of a false diagram, who is confined to one subject.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "contentious reasoner unrestricted by subject",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F29": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
     "quote": "it is possible from these general principles to hold an examination on everything, and that there should be a definite art of so doing, and, moreover, an art which is not of the same kind as those which demonstrate.",
     "claim": "General principles allow examination on any subject and so permit a definite art of examination distinct from demonstrative arts.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "general principles ground the art of examination",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F30": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 11 (end)",
     "quote": "that it belongs to the dialectician to study these, and to be able to effect them, is not difficult to see: for the investigation of premisses comprises the whole of this study.",
     "claim": "The dialectician is the one to study and be able to produce sophistical refutations, since investigating premisses comprises the whole of the study.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "dialectician studies sophistical refutations",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F31": {
     "source": "B1",
     "locus": "Section 2, Part 12",
     "quote": "people are more inclined to make mistakes when they talk at large, and they talk at large when they have no defini",
     "claim": "Questioning without reference to a definite subject best induces fallacy and paradox, since people err more when they talk at large.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "indefinite questioning induces error",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F32": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "Aristotle’s logic, especially his theory of the syllogism, has had an unparalleled influence on the history of Western thought.",
     "claim": "Aristotle's logic, especially the syllogism theory, has had unparalleled influence on Western thought.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Aristotle's logic's unparalleled influence",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F33": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "This article is written from the latter perspective. As such, it is about Aristotle’s logic, which is not always the same thing as what has been called “Aristotelian” logic.",
     "claim": "The article adopts the modern formal-techniques perspective and distinguishes Aristotle's logic from what has been called 'Aristotelian' logic.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "article scope: Aristotle's logic vs Aristotelian logic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F34": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "More recent scholarship has often applied the very techniques of mathematical logic to Aristotle’s theories, revealing (in the opinion of many) a number of similarities of approach and interest between Aristotle and modern logicians.",
     "claim": "Applying mathematical logic to Aristotle's theories has, in many scholars' opinion, revealed similarities with modern logicians.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "similarity of Aristotle and modern logic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F35": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Opening paragraph",
     "quote": "Kant thought that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic",
     "claim": "Kant held that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Kant on Aristotle's completeness",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F36": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
     "quote": "The ancient commentators grouped together several of Aristotle’s treatises under the title Organon (“Instrument”) and regarded them as comprising his logical works:",
     "claim": "Ancient commentators grouped certain treatises, including On Sophistical Refutations, as the Organon, his logical works.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Organon grouping includes Sophistical Refutations",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F37": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
     "quote": "Aristotle himself never uses this term, nor does he give much indication that these particular treatises form some kind of group",
     "claim": "Aristotle never uses the term Organon and gives little sign that the treatises form a group.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "fact",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Organon title not Aristotle's",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F38": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
     "quote": "On Sophistical Refutations is a final section, or an appendix, to the Topics",
     "claim": "On Sophistical Refutations is a final section or appendix to the Topics.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Sophistical Refutations as appendix to Topics",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F39": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "8.3.1 Gymnastic Dialectic",
     "quote": "In these exchanges, one participant took the role of answerer, the other the role of questioner.",
     "claim": "Academy dialectical exchanges, the practice the Topics (and so its appendix) presupposes, had questioner and answerer roles.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "fact",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Academic dialectical exchange structure",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F40": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "8.3.1 Gymnastic Dialectic",
     "quote": "to refute ( elenchein ) the answerer’s position",
     "claim": "The questioner's aim was to refute the answerer's thesis by deriving a contradiction from concessions.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "dialectical refutation aim",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F41": {
     "source": "B2",
     "locus": "Table of contents",
     "quote": "10. Sophistical Arguments",
     "claim": "The article has a dedicated section on sophistical arguments, listed after dialectic and rhetoric.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "SEP section on sophistical arguments",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F42": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "Προειλόμεθα μὲν οὖν εὑρεῖν δύναμίν τινα συλλογιστικὴν περὶ τοῦ προβληθέντος ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ὡς ἐνδοξοτάτων",
     "claim": "The treatise's stated aim was to find a capacity for reasoning (syllogistic) on any proposed problem from the most reputable available premises.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": true,
     "lineage": "aim: syllogistic capacity from endoxa",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F43": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "τοῦτο γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τῆς διαλεκτικῆς καθ᾿ αὑτὴν καὶ τῆς πειραστικῆς",
     "claim": "Finding such a capacity is the proper work of dialectic in itself and of examination (peirastic).",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "function of dialectic and peirastic",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F44": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "Ἐπεὶ δὲ προσκατασκευάζεται πρὸς αὐτὴν διὰ τὴν τῆς σοφιστικῆς γειτνίασιν, ὡς οὐ μόνον πεῖραν δύναται λαβεῖν διαλεκτικῶς ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς εἰδώς",
     "claim": "Because of sophistic's proximity, the discipline is fitted out so as to be able to test dialectically and also to proceed as one who knows.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "relation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "sophistic's proximity shapes the discipline",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F45": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "ὅπως λόγον ὑπέχοντες φυλάξομεν τὴν θέσιν ὡς δι᾿ ἐνδοξοτάτων ὁμοτρόπως",
     "claim": "A further aim is how, when giving an account, to guard one's thesis through the most reputable premises in the same manner.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "aim: defending a thesis",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F46": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
     "quote": "ἐπεὶ καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Σωκράτης ἠρώτα, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνετο· ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι.",
     "claim": "Socrates asked questions and did not answer because he admitted he did not know.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Socrates asked and did not answer",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F47": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
     "quote": "Τὸν αὐτὸν γὰρ λόγον δεῖ καλεῖν τὸν παρὰ ταὐτὸ γινόμενον",
     "claim": "An argument arising from the same source of fallacy must be called the same argument.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "identity of arguments by source of fallacy",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F48": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
     "quote": "ὁ αὐτὸς δὲ λόγος τοῖς μὲν παρὰ τὴν λέξιν τοῖς δὲ παρὰ τὸ συμβεβηκὸς τοῖς δὲ παρ᾿ ἕτερον δόξειεν ἂν εἶναι διὰ τὸ μεταφερόμενον ἕκαστον μὴ ὁμοίως εἶναι δῆλον.",
     "claim": "The same argument may seem to different people to fall under language, accident or another source, because it is not equally clear when transferred.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "one argument classified differently by different people",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F49": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
     "quote": "Δεῖ δὲ καὶ κατανοεῖν ὅτι πάντων τῶν λόγων οἱ μέν εἰσι ῥᾴους κατιδεῖν οἱ δὲ χαλεπώτεροι, παρὰ τί καὶ ἐν τίνι παραλογίζονται τὸν ἀκούοντα",
     "claim": "Some arguments are easier, others harder, to see through, as to what they deceive the hearer by and in.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "arguments differ in difficulty of detection",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F50": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "ὥσπερ δοκεῖ τρόπος εὐηθέστατος εἶναι τῶν παραλογισμῶν",
     "claim": "Fallacies from homonymy are held to be the silliest mode of fallacy.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "homonymy as silliest fallacy mode",
     "quote_ok": false
    },
    "F51": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "καὶ γὰρ οἱ λόγοι σχεδὸν οἱ γελοῖοι πάντες εἰσὶ παρὰ τὴν λέξιν",
     "claim": "Almost all jocular arguments depend on language.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "jokes depend on language",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F52": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "Τὰ δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἐμπειροτάτους φαίνεται λανθάνειν· σημεῖον δὲ τούτων ὅτι μάχονται πολλάκις περὶ τῶν ὀνομάτων",
     "claim": "Some homonymy-based fallacies escape even the most experienced, as shown by their frequent disputes about names.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "homonymy escapes the experienced",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F53": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
     "quote": "οἱ δὲ τὸν Ζήνωνος λόγον καὶ Παρμενίδου λύουσι διὰ τὸ πολλαχῶς φάναι τὸ ἓν λέγεσθαι καὶ τὸ ὄν.",
     "claim": "Some solve the argument of Zeno and Parmenides by saying that 'one' and 'being' are said in many ways.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "Zeno/Parmenides solved by multiple senses of one and being",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F54": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on difficulty of classification",
     "quote": "καὶ λαβεῖν ἐν τίνι γένει, καὶ πότερον ἔλεγχος ἢ οὐκ ἔλεγχος, οὐ ῥᾴδιον ὁμοίως περὶ πάντων.",
     "claim": "Determining the kind of fallacy and whether an argument is a refutation or not is not equally easy in all cases.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "limit",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "classification not equally easy",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F55": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
     "quote": "Ἔστι δὲ δριμὺς λόγος ὅστις ἀπορεῖν ποιεῖ μάλιστα· δάκνει γὰρ οὗτος μάλιστα.",
     "claim": "A pungent argument is one that most produces perplexity; it bites most.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "definition of the pungent argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F56": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
     "quote": "Ἀπορία δ᾿ ἐστὶ διττή, ἡ μὲν ἐν τοῖς συλλελογισμένοις, ὅ τι ἀνέλῃ τις τῶν ἐρωτημάτων, ἡ δ᾿ ἐν τοῖς ἐριστικοῖς, πῶς εἴπῃ τις τὸ προταθέν.",
     "claim": "Perplexity is twofold: in valid arguments, which question to remove; in eristic ones, how to state the proposition.",
     "modality": "stipulation",
     "kind": "definition",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "two kinds of aporia",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F57": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
     "quote": "Ἔστι δὲ συλλογιστικὸς μὲν λόγος δριμύτατος, ἂν ἐξ ὅτι μάλιστα δοκούντων ὅτι μάλιστα ἔνδοξον ἀναιρῇ.",
     "claim": "The most pungent valid argument is one that overturns a maximally reputable view from maximally reputable premises.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "most pungent valid argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F58": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on eristic arguments",
     "quote": "Τῶν δ᾿ ἐριστικῶν δριμύτατος μὲν ὁ πρῶτον εὐθὺς ἄδηλος πότερον συλλελόγισται ἢ οὔ",
     "claim": "The most pungent eristic argument is one where it is at first unclear whether it is a valid deduction and whether the solution lies in falsity or division.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "most pungent eristic argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F59": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on non-deductive arguments",
     "quote": "ἐνίοτε δ᾿ οὐκ ἄξιος καταφρονεῖσθαι.",
     "claim": "An argument that is not a valid deduction is sometimes not to be despised.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "non-deductive argument not always despicable",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F60": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on non-deductive arguments",
     "quote": "ἀλλ᾿ ὁ μὲν λόγος ἐπιεικής, ὁ δ᾿ ἐρωτῶν ἠρώτηκεν οὐ καλῶς.",
     "claim": "Where the missing element is external, the argument is decent but the questioner has questioned badly.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "fault in questioner vs argument",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F61": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, on modes of solution",
     "quote": "ὥσπερ λύειν ὁτὲ μὲν πρὸς τὸν λόγον ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς τὸν ἐρωτῶντα καὶ τὴν ἐρώτησιν ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς οὐδέτερον τούτων",
     "claim": "A solution may be directed at the argument, at the questioner and question, or at neither; likewise questioning may be directed at the thesis, the answerer or the time.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "solutions directed at argument, questioner or neither",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F62": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "chapter 33, summary of topics treated",
     "quote": "Ἐκ πόσων μὲν οὖν καὶ ποίων γίνονται τοῖς διαλεγομένοις οἱ παραλογισμοί, καὶ πῶς δείξομέν τε ψευδόμενον",
     "claim": "The author summarises what has been covered: sources of fallacies, refuting and leading to paradox, premises, ordering of questions, uses, answering, and solving arguments.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "function",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "summary of topics treated",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F63": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing recapitulation",
     "quote": "Ὅτι μὲν οὖν ἔχει τέλος ἱκανῶς ἃ προειλόμεθα, φανερόν",
     "claim": "It is clear that what was undertaken has been adequately completed.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "finding",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "claim of adequate completion",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F64": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on lack of predecessors",
     "quote": "Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν.",
     "claim": "For this inquiry nothing at all had been worked out previously.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "no predecessors for the theory of syllogism and refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F65": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on lack of predecessors",
     "quote": "περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ τριβῇ ζητοῦντες πολὺν χρόνον ἐπονοῦμεν.",
     "claim": "On reasoning there was nothing previously to cite; the author laboured long by trial and inquiry.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "no predecessors for the theory of syllogism and refutation",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F66": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on beginnings",
     "quote": "Μέγιστον γὰρ ἴσως ἀρχὴ παντός, ὥσπερ λέγεται· διὸ καὶ χαλεπώτατον",
     "claim": "A beginning is perhaps the greatest part of everything, and hence the hardest; discoveries made from scratch grow little at first but are far more useful than later growth.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "value and difficulty of beginnings",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F67": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on rhetoric's development",
     "quote": "Τισίας μὲν μετὰ τοὺς πρώτους, Θρασύμαχος δὲ μετὰ Τισίαν, Θεόδωρος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον",
     "claim": "Rhetoric grew by succession: Tisias after the first, Thrasymachus after Tisias, Theodorus after him.",
     "modality": "documented",
     "kind": "genealogy",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "succession in rhetoric",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F68": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on paid teachers of eristic",
     "quote": "Καὶ γὰρ τῶν περὶ τοὺς ἐριστικοὺς λόγους μισθαρνούντων ὁμοία τις ἦν ἡ παίδευσις τῇ Γοργίου πραγματείᾳ.",
     "claim": "The paid teachers of eristic arguments used an education similar to Gorgias' practice, handing over arguments to memorise.",
     "modality": "attributed",
     "kind": "attribution",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "paid teachers taught by memorised arguments",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F69": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on paid teachers of eristic",
     "quote": "οὐ γὰρ τέχνην ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης διδόντες παιδεύειν ὑπελάμβανον",
     "claim": "Their teaching was quick but artless: they gave the products of an art, not the art, and thought they were educating.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "teaching products of the art rather than the art",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F70": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, shoemaker analogy",
     "quote": "ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τις ἐπιστήμην φάσκων παραδώσειν ἐπὶ τὸ μηδὲν πονεῖν τοὺς πόδας, εἶτα σκυτοτομικὴν μὲν μὴ διδάσκοι",
     "claim": "Like someone promising to spare the feet pain who gives many kinds of shoes but does not teach shoemaking: he met the need but passed on no art.",
     "modality": "interpretation",
     "kind": "interpretation",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "shoemaker analogy",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F71": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, on the treatise's position",
     "quote": "δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν.",
     "claim": "We must keep in mind the condition attending this inquiry, namely that it began from nothing.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "limit",
     "kernel": false,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "limit: pioneering status of the work",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    "F72": {
     "source": "B3",
     "locus": "closing, final appeal",
     "quote": "λοιπὸν ἂν εἴη πάντων ὑμῶν ἢ τῶν ἠκροαμένων ἔργον τοῖς μὲν παραλελειμμένοις τῆς μεθόδου συγγνώμην τοῖς δ᾿ εὑρημένοις πολλὴν ἔχειν χάριν.",
     "claim": "If the method seems adequate given its starting point, it remains for the audience to forgive its omissions and be warmly grateful for what has been discovered.",
     "modality": "self-description",
     "kind": "limit",
     "kernel": true,
     "const": false,
     "lineage": "limit: pioneering status of the work",
     "quote_ok": true
    }
   },
   "field_sources": {
    "B1": "Aristotle; Translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge. \"On Sophistical Refutations\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
    "B2": "Edward N. Zalta, ed. (18 March 2000). \"Aristotle's Logic, < Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy>\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
    "B3": "Aristotle, De sophisticis elenchis (chapter 33)",
    "B4": "Krabbe, E.C.W. (2012). \"Aristotle's On Sophistical Refutations\". Topoi. 31: 243–248. doi:10.1007/s11245-012-9124-0. hdl:11370/9e6b3574-e6b1-4b91-bbe4-78954ac9ea80. S2CID 170350834."
   }
  },
  "L_B": {
   "words": 175,
   "text": "Sophistical Refutations is Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation: per Pickard-Cambridge, it states its subject as \"sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead\". The treatise defines reasoning and refutation, and extends the sophistical sense to reasoning that is valid but only appears appropriate to the thing in question. It treats the sophist's art as \"the semblance of wisdom without the reality\". It divides fallacies into six dependent on language and seven independent of it, and says names are the chief source because names are finite and things infinite. The art of examining is a branch of dialectic, and a field source reads the work as an appendix to the Topics and places it in the Organon grouping of the ancient commentators. The work closes with a recapitulation of its aim, a syllogistic capacity from endoxa, with Socrates asking and not answering. Its last chapter states that of this inquiry \"οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν\", contrasts rhetoric's succession with paid teachers who gave products and not the art, and ends on its own pioneering limit.",
   "note": "L_F(B) is realized as the field arm's expansion (objects.KO_B)."
  },
  "L_BA": {
   "words": 1348,
   "text": "Sophistical Refutations is Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation: per the translation of Pickard-Cambridge, it states its subject as \"sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead\". The treatise defines reasoning as resting on \"certain statements such that they involve necessarily the assertion of something other than what has been stated, through what has been stated\", and refutation as \"reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion\". It extends the definition: a sophistical refutation and syllogism is one that \"appears to be valid but is not\" and also one which, \"though it is valid, only appears to be appropriate to the thing in question\". The art of the sophist is defined there as \"the semblance of wisdom without the reality\", and contentious arguments as those that reason or appear to reason from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not. The treatise itself places demonstrative arguments in the Analytics and dialectic and examination arguments elsewhere, and a field source reads the work as \"a final section, or an appendix, to the Topics\", a reading it holds as interpretation. The grouping of the work in an Organon is attributed by the same field source to \"the ancient commentators\", and that source adds that \"Aristotle himself never uses this term\". The treatise states a two-fold division: \"two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language\". Six depend on language, listed as \"ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression\", and seven are independent of it. Language is given its weight by a statement of the work: \"the most prolific and usual domain is the argument that turns upon names only\", because \"names are finite and so is the sum-total of formulae, while things are infinite in number\", so that a single name has a number of meanings. Its examples include the ambiguity of \"learn\" in \"Those learn who know\" and the accident fallacy of Coriscus, who if different from \"man\" would be \"different from himself: for he is a man\". Archive deposit 1697 reads the article's later Fallacies section as a conversion: its labels contradict its list, and a stated criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy. That reading is paired in the deposit with the finding that the narrowing is unsound against the article's own sources, and the edit history records the section's labels as one editor's own reading of the text. The treatise distinguishes examination from sophistry: the art of examining is a branch of dialectic, while sophistic refutations, even when they prove the contradictory of a thesis, do not make clear whether the answerer is ignorant. A dialectician is one who \"regards the common principles with their application to the particular matter in hand\", and one who only appears to do so is a sophist. The treatise says it is possible \"to hold an examination on everything\" by an art that \"is not of the same kind as those which demonstrate\". It lists five aims of contentious disputants, ending with reducing the opponent to babbling. Krabbe, cited in deposit 1697, calls it \"a useful treatise for sophists\" who \"should study fallacies not to avoid them, but rather to commit them when it suits their purposes\"; the deposit finds the article's opposition between dialectic and sophistry in tension with that reading. The same deposit reads the article's lead as substituting a truth-normative pattern for the endoxic capacity and as dropping the premisses, which are the programme's scope. Deposit 1585 reads the work stylometrically as a registry of what people do in argument, a candidate reading it states as a hypothesis, and deposits 1585 and 1586 place it at the world pole of the first axis, while a file erratum in 1586 puts the real text on the apparatus side. The work ends in chapter 34 with a recapitulation of the aim, in the Greek: \"Προειλόμεθα μὲν οὖν εὑρεῖν δύναμίν τινα συλλογιστικὴν περὶ τοῦ προβληθέντος ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ὡς ἐνδοξοτάτων\". The work of that capacity is given as dialectic's and the peirastic's: \"τοῦτο γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τῆς διαλεκτικῆς καθ᾿ αὑτὴν καὶ τῆς πειραστικῆς\", and the text adds that sophistic's proximity shapes the discipline. Deposit 1697 reads the epilogue as an accounting of a capacity (δύναμις) for dialectic and peirastic. The chapter holds that Socrates \"asked and did not answer\": \"Σωκράτης ἠρώτα, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνετο· ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι\". Deposit 1603 reads this as either the artless examining everyone shares, from which nothing is received, or something the epilogue files under the inquiry's own purposes, and on neither reading as an antecedent source. The chapter then states, in the Greek of 183b34-36: \"Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν.\" It adds, of syllogizing: \"περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ τριβῇ ζητοῦντες πολὺν χρόνον ἐπονοῦμεν\". Deposit 1603 reads the sentence literally, as denying that anything of the inquiry existed beforehand, and holds that the closing chapter is built joint by joint so that the sentence can be kept. The deposit finds the transmission vocabulary, παρ᾽ ἑτέρων, ἐκ διαδοχῆς, ἐκ παραδόσεως, freshly used with three lines of names attached, and held in no instance of Socrates, and it reads the origination vocabulary ἐξ ὑπαρχῆς, ἐξ ἀρχῆς likewise. Deposit 1603 reads the ending as performing the peirastic operation on its reader: a reader who qualifies the sentence supplies what the text was written without, and does not perceive the supplying. The deposit disclaims any design: it does not claim the chapter was built as a trap, since structures do not need intentions to function. Deposit 1603 leaves Socrates' possession of the art where the chapter leaves it. The chapter divides discoveries by provenance: rhetoric advanced by succession, \"Τισίας μὲν μετὰ τοὺς πρώτους, Θρασύμαχος δὲ μετὰ Τισίαν, Θεόδωρος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον\". The paid teachers of eristic are likened to the instruction of Gorgias, and the text says they gave \"οὐ γὰρ τέχνην ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης\", the products of the art and not the art. The text illustrates this with a shoemaker analogy: one who promised knowledge to spare the feet pain, and taught no shoemaking. The work closes by naming its own pioneering condition: \"δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν\", and by asking its hearers for indulgence toward omissions and thanks for what has been found. Translators of the closing sentence render it whole, according to deposit 1603: the narrowing, to \"no systematic treatment\" or \"no completed art\", enters in the gloss. Poste's note, as quoted in a blog catalogue record, finds it \"difficult to reconcile Aristotle's assertion with what we know had been done by Plato and Socrates and the Eleatics and Megarians\"; the record reads the premise as what we know and the sentence as what must be reconciled with it. The archive's tension with Prior Analytics I.31, where Aristotle calls division, practised throughout the Platonic dialogues, part of the inquiry, is stated in deposit 1576 and is read there as a tension and not as a refutation. A blog record reports that across twenty rounds of simulated review, each round inserted a qualifier into the sentence, and that the terminal round endorsed a sentence that is Aristotle's with the particle οὐ removed. The record reads this as the reception deleting the negation at composition, unperceived, as Sophistical Refutations 16 predicts, and as restoring provenance from others. The article's lead states the work's priority as an attribute; deposit 1696 reads the sentence \"about syllogizing we had absolutely nothing else earlier to say\" as becoming \"the first work to treat the subject of deductive reasoning\", a total negation over a stated domain turned into a property, primacy. Deposit 1697 reads this conversion as the clearest of the article's changes, and records its edit history as the composition of two edits that ran opposite ways. On the same article, deposit 1697 finds the claim of exhaustiveness hedged by a footnote folded into the text, \"Sometimes listed as twelve.\", added in a 2025 edit. The same deposit records that other sentences of the article stay faithful to their source, finding no attributization in them. Deposit 1697 notes that no discussion of the lead, the gloss, the qualifier or the labels has ever taken place on the talk page. Deposit 1576 states that the priority claim sits in tension with Prior Analytics I.31; deposit 1579 traces the edition of a received Socrates in the Second Letter into Aristotle's epilogue at SE 34 and leaves open whether such an edition implies anything about how many hands made the texts. Deposit 1587 holds that the two names Aristotle and Theophrastus fail as two authors and leaves the maker-count open.",
   "rail": [],
   "note": "L(B ∪ A), the witness case, realized as the knowledge object (objects.KO); its rail is the compression's (objects.P.rail)."
  }
 },
 "field": [
  {
   "id": "B1",
   "card": "Aristotle; Translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge. \"On Sophistical Refutations\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
   "url": "https://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/sophist_refut.mb.txt",
   "role": "field B",
   "sha256": {
    "text": "d4708842c9d61156d4fe6ca39d1d7bdaa2f77e3f003c521f2ffabbbb2b23f6e3"
   },
   "availability": "fetched",
   "fetched": "gnosis S2, 2026-10-23 (verbatim save; text extracted by code)"
  },
  {
   "id": "B2",
   "card": "Edward N. Zalta, ed. (18 March 2000). \"Aristotle's Logic, < Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy>\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
   "url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/aristotle-logic/",
   "role": "field B",
   "sha256": {
    "text": "4bfff26b053e1b138c73ab3e81bde00f612918e7be45d0de6a623724a620dade"
   },
   "availability": "fetched",
   "fetched": "gnosis S2, 2026-10-23 (verbatim save; text extracted by code)"
  },
  {
   "id": "B3",
   "card": "Aristotle, De sophisticis elenchis (chapter 33)",
   "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/First1KGreek/7881c563436f52fb3550e6daa6df94be1b83b0e3/data/tlg0086/tlg040/tlg0086.tlg040.1st1K-grc1.xml",
   "role": "field B",
   "sha256": {
    "text": "3a5aaa17de513d42b82d0cfc17af70bab8c47926f8c05cc59ea69d171499b9df"
   },
   "availability": "fetched",
   "fetched": "gnosis S2, 2026-10-23 (verbatim save; text extracted by code)"
  },
  {
   "id": "B4",
   "card": "Krabbe, E.C.W. (2012). \"Aristotle's On Sophistical Refutations\". Topoi. 31: 243–248. doi:10.1007/s11245-012-9124-0. hdl:11370/9e6b3574-e6b1-4b91-bbe4-78954ac9ea80. S2CID 170350834.",
   "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11245-012-9124-0",
   "role": "field B",
   "sha256": {
    "text": "3930213bb30975ed5b9bf440d83a3a160dd698249a8beb71708c1adf0928fdc6"
   },
   "availability": "fetched",
   "fetched": "gnosis S2, 2026-10-23 (verbatim save; text extracted by code)"
  }
 ],
 "field_claims": {
  "F1": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 1, opening",
   "quote": "Let us now discuss sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead.",
   "claim": "The treatise's subject is sophistic refutations, defined as apparent refutations that are really fallacies.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "subject: sophistic refutations are apparent refutations",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F2": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
   "quote": "reasoning rests on certain statements such that they involve necessarily the assertion of something other than what has been stated, through what has been stated: refutation is reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
   "claim": "Reasoning is defined as statements necessarily entailing something other than what was stated, and refutation as reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "definition of reasoning and refutation",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F3": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
   "quote": "That some reasonings are genuine, while others seem to be so but are not, is evident.",
   "claim": "Some reasonings are genuine while others only seem so, through a likeness between genuine and sham.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "genuine vs apparent reasoning",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F4": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
   "quote": "of these the most prolific and usual domain is the argument that turns upon names only.",
   "claim": "The most prolific domain of apparent refutation is argument turning on names alone.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "names as chief source of apparent refutation",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F5": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
   "quote": "For names are finite and so is the sum-total of formulae, while things are infinite in number. Inevitably, then, the same formulae, and a single name, have a number of meanings.",
   "claim": "Because names are finite and things infinite, single names and formulae must have multiple meanings, which makes equivocal argument possible.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "finite names vs infinite things explains equivocation",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F6": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 1",
   "quote": "the art of the sophist is the semblance of wisdom without the reality",
   "claim": "The sophist's art is defined as the semblance of wisdom without the reality.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "definition of the sophist's art",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F7": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 2 (end)",
   "quote": "contentious arguments are those that reason or appear to reason to a conclusion from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not so.",
   "claim": "Contentious arguments are defined as those that reason or appear to reason from premisses that seem generally accepted but are not.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "definition of contentious argument",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F8": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 2 (end)",
   "quote": "The subject, then, of demonstrative arguments has been discussed in the Analytics, while that of dialectic arguments and examination-arguments has been discussed elsewhere",
   "claim": "Demonstrative, dialectical and examination arguments are treated elsewhere, so this work turns to arguments used in competitions and contests.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "relation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "scope relative to Analytics and Topics",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F9": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 3",
   "quote": "These are five in number, refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism, and fifthly to reduce the opponent in the discussion to babbling",
   "claim": "Contentious disputants have five aims: refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism and reducing the opponent to babbling.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "five aims of contentious disputants",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F10": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 3",
   "quote": "For they choose if possible plainly to refute the other party, or as the second best to show that he is committing some fallacy, or as a third best to lead him into paradox",
   "claim": "The five aims are ranked, with refutation preferred first and repetition a last resort.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "interpretation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "ranking of sophistic aims",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F11": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
   "quote": "There are two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language.",
   "claim": "Refutations divide into those depending on language and those independent of it.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "two-fold division of fallacies",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F12": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
   "quote": "they are ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression.",
   "claim": "There are six language-dependent fallacies, a number assured by induction and by syllogistic proof.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "six language-dependent fallacies",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F13": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
   "quote": "Of fallacies, on the other hand, that are independent of language there are seven kinds:",
   "claim": "There are seven kinds of fallacy independent of language: accident, qualified/absolute, ignorance of refutation, consequent, begging the question, false cause, many questions as one.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "seven non-linguistic fallacies",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F14": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 4",
   "quote": "'Those learn who know: for it is those who know their letters who learn the letters dictated to them'. For to 'learn' is ambiguous",
   "claim": "The argument 'those learn who know' exemplifies ambiguity, since 'learn' means both to understand and to acquire knowledge.",
   "modality": "documented",
   "kind": "text",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "example of ambiguity: learning",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F15": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 5",
   "quote": "Fallacies, then, that depend on Accident occur whenever any attribute is claimed to belong in like manner to a thing and to its accident.",
   "claim": "Fallacies of accident occur when an attribute is claimed to belong alike to a thing and to its accident.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "definition of fallacy of accident",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F16": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 5",
   "quote": "'If Coriscus be different from \"man\", he is different from himself: for he is a man'",
   "claim": "The Coriscus argument exemplifies the fallacy of accident.",
   "modality": "documented",
   "kind": "text",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "example of accident: Coriscus",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F17": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
   "quote": "deception comes about because we cannot distinguish the sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. their unity and multiplicity",
   "claim": "Accident fallacies deceive because we cannot distinguish sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. unity and multiplicity.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "cause of deception in accident fallacies",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F18": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
   "quote": "the deception consists in the smallness of the difference involved",
   "claim": "Qualified/absolute, begging-the-question, false-cause and many-questions fallacies deceive because the difference is small.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "smallness of difference as cause of deception",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F19": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 7",
   "quote": "for the consequent is a branch of Accident.",
   "claim": "The fallacy of the consequent is treated as a branch of the fallacy of accident.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "relation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "consequent as branch of accident",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F20": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
   "quote": "By a sophistical refutation and syllogism I mean not only a syllogism or refutation which appears to be valid but is not, but also one which, though it is valid, only appears to be appropriate to the thing in question.",
   "claim": "Sophistical refutation is defined to include both apparently valid invalid arguments and valid arguments that only appear appropriate to the subject.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "extended definition of sophistical refutation",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F21": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
   "quote": "Now the art of examining is a branch of dialectic: and this may prove a false conclusion because of the ignorance of the answerer.",
   "claim": "The art of examination is a branch of dialectic and may reach a false conclusion through the answerer's ignorance.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "relation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "examination as branch of dialectic",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F22": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1, Part 8",
   "quote": "Sophistic refutations on the other hand, even though they prove the contradictory of his thesis, do not make clear whether he is ignorant",
   "claim": "Sophistic refutations, even when they prove the contradictory of the thesis, do not show whether the answerer is ignorant.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "sophistic refutation fails to expose ignorance",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F23": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 1 (end), on didactic and dialectical argument",
   "quote": "while he who argues didactically should not ask questions but make things clear himself, the other should merely ask questions.",
   "claim": "Didactic argument explains rather than asks questions, while dialectical argument only asks them.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "didactic vs dialectical argument",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F24": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
   "quote": "to claim a 'Yes' or 'No' answer is the business not of a man who is showing something, but of one who is holding an examination.",
   "claim": "Demanding a yes/no answer belongs to the examiner, not to one who is demonstrating.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "yes/no questioning belongs to examination",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F25": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
   "quote": "He, then, is a dialectician who regards the common principles with their application to the particular matter in hand, while he who only appears to do this is a sophist.",
   "claim": "The dialectician is defined as one who applies common principles to the matter in hand, the sophist as one who only appears to.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "dialectician vs sophist",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F26": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
   "quote": "But Bryson's method of squaring the circle, even if the circle is thereby squared, is still sophistical because it does not conform to the subject in hand.",
   "claim": "Bryson's squaring of the circle is sophistical because it does not conform to the subject, even if it succeeds; false geometrical diagrams such as Hippocrates' are not contentious.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "attribution",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Bryson's squaring of the circle is sophistical",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F27": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
   "quote": "any reasoning that merely appears to conform to the subject in hand, even though it be genuine reasoning, is a contentious argument",
   "claim": "Any reasoning merely appearing to conform to the subject, even if genuine, is contentious.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "contentious argument includes valid but inappropriate reasoning",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F28": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
   "quote": "the contentious reasoner will not be given to misreasoning from any definite class of principles, but will deal with every class.",
   "claim": "The contentious reasoner misreasons from every class of principles, unlike the drawer of a false diagram, who is confined to one subject.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "contentious reasoner unrestricted by subject",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F29": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11",
   "quote": "it is possible from these general principles to hold an examination on everything, and that there should be a definite art of so doing, and, moreover, an art which is not of the same kind as those which demonstrate.",
   "claim": "General principles allow examination on any subject and so permit a definite art of examination distinct from demonstrative arts.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "general principles ground the art of examination",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F30": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 11 (end)",
   "quote": "that it belongs to the dialectician to study these, and to be able to effect them, is not difficult to see: for the investigation of premisses comprises the whole of this study.",
   "claim": "The dialectician is the one to study and be able to produce sophistical refutations, since investigating premisses comprises the whole of the study.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "dialectician studies sophistical refutations",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F31": {
   "source": "B1",
   "locus": "Section 2, Part 12",
   "quote": "people are more inclined to make mistakes when they talk at large, and they talk at large when they have no defini",
   "claim": "Questioning without reference to a definite subject best induces fallacy and paradox, since people err more when they talk at large.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "indefinite questioning induces error",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F32": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "Opening paragraph",
   "quote": "Aristotle’s logic, especially his theory of the syllogism, has had an unparalleled influence on the history of Western thought.",
   "claim": "Aristotle's logic, especially the syllogism theory, has had unparalleled influence on Western thought.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Aristotle's logic's unparalleled influence",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F33": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "Opening paragraph",
   "quote": "This article is written from the latter perspective. As such, it is about Aristotle’s logic, which is not always the same thing as what has been called “Aristotelian” logic.",
   "claim": "The article adopts the modern formal-techniques perspective and distinguishes Aristotle's logic from what has been called 'Aristotelian' logic.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "article scope: Aristotle's logic vs Aristotelian logic",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F34": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "Opening paragraph",
   "quote": "More recent scholarship has often applied the very techniques of mathematical logic to Aristotle’s theories, revealing (in the opinion of many) a number of similarities of approach and interest between Aristotle and modern logicians.",
   "claim": "Applying mathematical logic to Aristotle's theories has, in many scholars' opinion, revealed similarities with modern logicians.",
   "modality": "attributed",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "similarity of Aristotle and modern logic",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F35": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "Opening paragraph",
   "quote": "Kant thought that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic",
   "claim": "Kant held that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic.",
   "modality": "attributed",
   "kind": "attribution",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Kant on Aristotle's completeness",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F36": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
   "quote": "The ancient commentators grouped together several of Aristotle’s treatises under the title Organon (“Instrument”) and regarded them as comprising his logical works:",
   "claim": "Ancient commentators grouped certain treatises, including On Sophistical Refutations, as the Organon, his logical works.",
   "modality": "attributed",
   "kind": "genealogy",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Organon grouping includes Sophistical Refutations",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F37": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
   "quote": "Aristotle himself never uses this term, nor does he give much indication that these particular treatises form some kind of group",
   "claim": "Aristotle never uses the term Organon and gives little sign that the treatises form a group.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "fact",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Organon title not Aristotle's",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F38": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "2. Aristotle’s Logical Works: The Organon",
   "quote": "On Sophistical Refutations is a final section, or an appendix, to the Topics",
   "claim": "On Sophistical Refutations is a final section or appendix to the Topics.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "relation",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Sophistical Refutations as appendix to Topics",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F39": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "8.3.1 Gymnastic Dialectic",
   "quote": "In these exchanges, one participant took the role of answerer, the other the role of questioner.",
   "claim": "Academy dialectical exchanges, the practice the Topics (and so its appendix) presupposes, had questioner and answerer roles.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "fact",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Academic dialectical exchange structure",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F40": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "8.3.1 Gymnastic Dialectic",
   "quote": "to refute ( elenchein ) the answerer’s position",
   "claim": "The questioner's aim was to refute the answerer's thesis by deriving a contradiction from concessions.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "dialectical refutation aim",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F41": {
   "source": "B2",
   "locus": "Table of contents",
   "quote": "10. Sophistical Arguments",
   "claim": "The article has a dedicated section on sophistical arguments, listed after dialectic and rhetoric.",
   "modality": "documented",
   "kind": "relation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "SEP section on sophistical arguments",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F42": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
   "quote": "Προειλόμεθα μὲν οὖν εὑρεῖν δύναμίν τινα συλλογιστικὴν περὶ τοῦ προβληθέντος ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ὡς ἐνδοξοτάτων",
   "claim": "The treatise's stated aim was to find a capacity for reasoning (syllogistic) on any proposed problem from the most reputable available premises.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": true,
   "lineage": "aim: syllogistic capacity from endoxa",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F43": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
   "quote": "τοῦτο γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τῆς διαλεκτικῆς καθ᾿ αὑτὴν καὶ τῆς πειραστικῆς",
   "claim": "Finding such a capacity is the proper work of dialectic in itself and of examination (peirastic).",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "function of dialectic and peirastic",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F44": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
   "quote": "Ἐπεὶ δὲ προσκατασκευάζεται πρὸς αὐτὴν διὰ τὴν τῆς σοφιστικῆς γειτνίασιν, ὡς οὐ μόνον πεῖραν δύναται λαβεῖν διαλεκτικῶς ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς εἰδώς",
   "claim": "Because of sophistic's proximity, the discipline is fitted out so as to be able to test dialectically and also to proceed as one who knows.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "relation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "sophistic's proximity shapes the discipline",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F45": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
   "quote": "ὅπως λόγον ὑπέχοντες φυλάξομεν τὴν θέσιν ὡς δι᾿ ἐνδοξοτάτων ὁμοτρόπως",
   "claim": "A further aim is how, when giving an account, to guard one's thesis through the most reputable premises in the same manner.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "aim: defending a thesis",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F46": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing recapitulation of the original purpose",
   "quote": "ἐπεὶ καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Σωκράτης ἠρώτα, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνετο· ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι.",
   "claim": "Socrates asked questions and did not answer because he admitted he did not know.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "genealogy",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Socrates asked and did not answer",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F47": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
   "quote": "Τὸν αὐτὸν γὰρ λόγον δεῖ καλεῖν τὸν παρὰ ταὐτὸ γινόμενον",
   "claim": "An argument arising from the same source of fallacy must be called the same argument.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "identity of arguments by source of fallacy",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F48": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
   "quote": "ὁ αὐτὸς δὲ λόγος τοῖς μὲν παρὰ τὴν λέξιν τοῖς δὲ παρὰ τὸ συμβεβηκὸς τοῖς δὲ παρ᾿ ἕτερον δόξειεν ἂν εἶναι διὰ τὸ μεταφερόμενον ἕκαστον μὴ ὁμοίως εἶναι δῆλον.",
   "claim": "The same argument may seem to different people to fall under language, accident or another source, because it is not equally clear when transferred.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "one argument classified differently by different people",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F49": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, opening",
   "quote": "Δεῖ δὲ καὶ κατανοεῖν ὅτι πάντων τῶν λόγων οἱ μέν εἰσι ῥᾴους κατιδεῖν οἱ δὲ χαλεπώτεροι, παρὰ τί καὶ ἐν τίνι παραλογίζονται τὸν ἀκούοντα",
   "claim": "Some arguments are easier, others harder, to see through, as to what they deceive the hearer by and in.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "arguments differ in difficulty of detection",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F50": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
   "quote": "ὥσπερ δοκεῖ τρόπος εὐηθέστατος εἶναι τῶν παραλογισμῶν",
   "claim": "Fallacies from homonymy are held to be the silliest mode of fallacy.",
   "modality": "attributed",
   "kind": "attribution",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "homonymy as silliest fallacy mode",
   "quote_ok": false
  },
  "F51": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
   "quote": "καὶ γὰρ οἱ λόγοι σχεδὸν οἱ γελοῖοι πάντες εἰσὶ παρὰ τὴν λέξιν",
   "claim": "Almost all jocular arguments depend on language.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "jokes depend on language",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F52": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
   "quote": "Τὰ δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἐμπειροτάτους φαίνεται λανθάνειν· σημεῖον δὲ τούτων ὅτι μάχονται πολλάκις περὶ τῶν ὀνομάτων",
   "claim": "Some homonymy-based fallacies escape even the most experienced, as shown by their frequent disputes about names.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "homonymy escapes the experienced",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F53": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on homonymy",
   "quote": "οἱ δὲ τὸν Ζήνωνος λόγον καὶ Παρμενίδου λύουσι διὰ τὸ πολλαχῶς φάναι τὸ ἓν λέγεσθαι καὶ τὸ ὄν.",
   "claim": "Some solve the argument of Zeno and Parmenides by saying that 'one' and 'being' are said in many ways.",
   "modality": "attributed",
   "kind": "attribution",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "Zeno/Parmenides solved by multiple senses of one and being",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F54": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on difficulty of classification",
   "quote": "καὶ λαβεῖν ἐν τίνι γένει, καὶ πότερον ἔλεγχος ἢ οὐκ ἔλεγχος, οὐ ῥᾴδιον ὁμοίως περὶ πάντων.",
   "claim": "Determining the kind of fallacy and whether an argument is a refutation or not is not equally easy in all cases.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "limit",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "classification not equally easy",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F55": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
   "quote": "Ἔστι δὲ δριμὺς λόγος ὅστις ἀπορεῖν ποιεῖ μάλιστα· δάκνει γὰρ οὗτος μάλιστα.",
   "claim": "A pungent argument is one that most produces perplexity; it bites most.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "definition of the pungent argument",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F56": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
   "quote": "Ἀπορία δ᾿ ἐστὶ διττή, ἡ μὲν ἐν τοῖς συλλελογισμένοις, ὅ τι ἀνέλῃ τις τῶν ἐρωτημάτων, ἡ δ᾿ ἐν τοῖς ἐριστικοῖς, πῶς εἴπῃ τις τὸ προταθέν.",
   "claim": "Perplexity is twofold: in valid arguments, which question to remove; in eristic ones, how to state the proposition.",
   "modality": "stipulation",
   "kind": "definition",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "two kinds of aporia",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F57": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on the 'pungent' argument",
   "quote": "Ἔστι δὲ συλλογιστικὸς μὲν λόγος δριμύτατος, ἂν ἐξ ὅτι μάλιστα δοκούντων ὅτι μάλιστα ἔνδοξον ἀναιρῇ.",
   "claim": "The most pungent valid argument is one that overturns a maximally reputable view from maximally reputable premises.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "most pungent valid argument",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F58": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on eristic arguments",
   "quote": "Τῶν δ᾿ ἐριστικῶν δριμύτατος μὲν ὁ πρῶτον εὐθὺς ἄδηλος πότερον συλλελόγισται ἢ οὔ",
   "claim": "The most pungent eristic argument is one where it is at first unclear whether it is a valid deduction and whether the solution lies in falsity or division.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "most pungent eristic argument",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F59": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on non-deductive arguments",
   "quote": "ἐνίοτε δ᾿ οὐκ ἄξιος καταφρονεῖσθαι.",
   "claim": "An argument that is not a valid deduction is sometimes not to be despised.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "non-deductive argument not always despicable",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F60": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on non-deductive arguments",
   "quote": "ἀλλ᾿ ὁ μὲν λόγος ἐπιεικής, ὁ δ᾿ ἐρωτῶν ἠρώτηκεν οὐ καλῶς.",
   "claim": "Where the missing element is external, the argument is decent but the questioner has questioned badly.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "fault in questioner vs argument",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F61": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, on modes of solution",
   "quote": "ὥσπερ λύειν ὁτὲ μὲν πρὸς τὸν λόγον ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς τὸν ἐρωτῶντα καὶ τὴν ἐρώτησιν ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς οὐδέτερον τούτων",
   "claim": "A solution may be directed at the argument, at the questioner and question, or at neither; likewise questioning may be directed at the thesis, the answerer or the time.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "solutions directed at argument, questioner or neither",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F62": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "chapter 33, summary of topics treated",
   "quote": "Ἐκ πόσων μὲν οὖν καὶ ποίων γίνονται τοῖς διαλεγομένοις οἱ παραλογισμοί, καὶ πῶς δείξομέν τε ψευδόμενον",
   "claim": "The author summarises what has been covered: sources of fallacies, refuting and leading to paradox, premises, ordering of questions, uses, answering, and solving arguments.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "function",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "summary of topics treated",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F63": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing recapitulation",
   "quote": "Ὅτι μὲν οὖν ἔχει τέλος ἱκανῶς ἃ προειλόμεθα, φανερόν",
   "claim": "It is clear that what was undertaken has been adequately completed.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "finding",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "claim of adequate completion",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F64": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on lack of predecessors",
   "quote": "Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν.",
   "claim": "For this inquiry nothing at all had been worked out previously.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "genealogy",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "no predecessors for the theory of syllogism and refutation",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F65": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on lack of predecessors",
   "quote": "περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ τριβῇ ζητοῦντες πολὺν χρόνον ἐπονοῦμεν.",
   "claim": "On reasoning there was nothing previously to cite; the author laboured long by trial and inquiry.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "genealogy",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "no predecessors for the theory of syllogism and refutation",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F66": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on beginnings",
   "quote": "Μέγιστον γὰρ ἴσως ἀρχὴ παντός, ὥσπερ λέγεται· διὸ καὶ χαλεπώτατον",
   "claim": "A beginning is perhaps the greatest part of everything, and hence the hardest; discoveries made from scratch grow little at first but are far more useful than later growth.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "interpretation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "value and difficulty of beginnings",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F67": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on rhetoric's development",
   "quote": "Τισίας μὲν μετὰ τοὺς πρώτους, Θρασύμαχος δὲ μετὰ Τισίαν, Θεόδωρος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον",
   "claim": "Rhetoric grew by succession: Tisias after the first, Thrasymachus after Tisias, Theodorus after him.",
   "modality": "documented",
   "kind": "genealogy",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "succession in rhetoric",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F68": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on paid teachers of eristic",
   "quote": "Καὶ γὰρ τῶν περὶ τοὺς ἐριστικοὺς λόγους μισθαρνούντων ὁμοία τις ἦν ἡ παίδευσις τῇ Γοργίου πραγματείᾳ.",
   "claim": "The paid teachers of eristic arguments used an education similar to Gorgias' practice, handing over arguments to memorise.",
   "modality": "attributed",
   "kind": "attribution",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "paid teachers taught by memorised arguments",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F69": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on paid teachers of eristic",
   "quote": "οὐ γὰρ τέχνην ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης διδόντες παιδεύειν ὑπελάμβανον",
   "claim": "Their teaching was quick but artless: they gave the products of an art, not the art, and thought they were educating.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "interpretation",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "teaching products of the art rather than the art",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F70": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, shoemaker analogy",
   "quote": "ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τις ἐπιστήμην φάσκων παραδώσειν ἐπὶ τὸ μηδὲν πονεῖν τοὺς πόδας, εἶτα σκυτοτομικὴν μὲν μὴ διδάσκοι",
   "claim": "Like someone promising to spare the feet pain who gives many kinds of shoes but does not teach shoemaking: he met the need but passed on no art.",
   "modality": "interpretation",
   "kind": "interpretation",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "shoemaker analogy",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F71": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, on the treatise's position",
   "quote": "δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν.",
   "claim": "We must keep in mind the condition attending this inquiry, namely that it began from nothing.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "limit",
   "kernel": false,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "limit: pioneering status of the work",
   "quote_ok": true
  },
  "F72": {
   "source": "B3",
   "locus": "closing, final appeal",
   "quote": "λοιπὸν ἂν εἴη πάντων ὑμῶν ἢ τῶν ἠκροαμένων ἔργον τοῖς μὲν παραλελειμμένοις τῆς μεθόδου συγγνώμην τοῖς δ᾿ εὑρημένοις πολλὴν ἔχειν χάριν.",
   "claim": "If the method seems adequate given its starting point, it remains for the audience to forgive its omissions and be warmly grateful for what has been discovered.",
   "modality": "self-description",
   "kind": "limit",
   "kernel": true,
   "const": false,
   "lineage": "limit: pioneering status of the work",
   "quote_ok": true
  }
 },
 "field_sources": {
  "B1": "Aristotle; Translated by W. A. Pickard-Cambridge. \"On Sophistical Refutations\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
  "B2": "Edward N. Zalta, ed. (18 March 2000). \"Aristotle's Logic, < Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy>\". Retrieved 2020-12-19.",
  "B3": "Aristotle, De sophisticis elenchis (chapter 33)",
  "B4": "Krabbe, E.C.W. (2012). \"Aristotle's On Sophistical Refutations\". Topoi. 31: 243–248. doi:10.1007/s11245-012-9124-0. hdl:11370/9e6b3574-e6b1-4b91-bbe4-78954ac9ea80. S2CID 170350834."
 },
 "ledger": {
  "archive": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/ledgers/sophistical-refutations/ledger-archive.json",
  "field": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/ledgers/sophistical-refutations/field.json",
  "selection": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/traversal/sophistical-refutations/",
  "audit": null
 },
 "breaches": [
  {
   "check": "ontology-contested",
   "detail": "the two readings differ (pass 1: ρ = extends, case equal; pass 2: ρ = constructs, case equal); composed under pass 2: the readings disagree on ρ; the reading of ρ = constructs is taken (ruled 2026-10-25: \"if the readings disagree go constructs\")"
  },
  {
   "check": "coverage",
   "detail": "316 carried claims neither composed nor logged in the channel",
   "claims": [
    "F3",
    "F10",
    "F15",
    "F17",
    "F18",
    "F19",
    "F23",
    "F24",
    "F26",
    "F27",
    "F28",
    "F30",
    "F31",
    "F32",
    "F33",
    "F34",
    "F35",
    "F39",
    "F40",
    "F41",
    "F45",
    "F47",
    "F48",
    "F49",
    "F51",
    "F52",
    "F53",
    "F54",
    "F55",
    "F56",
    "F57",
    "F58",
    "F59",
    "F60",
    "F61",
    "F62",
    "F63",
    "F66",
    "SR1574-01",
    "SR1574-02",
    "SR1574-03",
    "SR1574-04",
    "SR1574-05",
    "SR1574-07",
    "SR1574-08",
    "SR1574-09",
    "SR1574-10",
    "SR1576-02",
    "SR1576-03",
    "SR1576-04",
    "SR1576-05",
    "SR1576-06",
    "SR1576-07",
    "SR1576-08",
    "SR1576-09",
    "SR1579-01",
    "SR1579-02",
    "SR1579-04",
    "SR1579-05",
    "SR1579-06",
    "SR1579-07",
    "SR1579-08",
    "SR1579-09",
    "SR1579-10",
    "SR1579-11",
    "SR1579-12",
    "SR1579-15",
    "SR1579-19",
    "SR1579-20",
    "SR1579-21",
    "SR1579-23",
    "SR1585-01",
    "SR1585-02",
    "SR1585-04",
    "SR1585-05",
    "SR1585-07",
    "SR1585-08",
    "SR1585-09",
    "SR1585-10",
    "SR1585-11",
    "SR1586-01",
    "SR1586-02",
    "SR1586-03",
    "SR1586-05",
    "SR1586-06",
    "SR1586-07",
    "SR1586-08",
    "SR1586-09",
    "SR1586-10",
    "SR1586-11",
    "SR1586-12",
    "SR1586-13",
    "SR1586-14",
    "SR1586-15",
    "SR1586-16",
    "SR1586-17",
    "SR1586-18",
    "SR1586-19",
    "SR1586-20",
    "SR1586-21",
    "SR1586-22",
    "SR1586-24",
    "SR1586-25",
    "SR1586-26",
    "SR1586-27",
    "SR1586-28",
    "SR1586-29",
    "SR1586-30",
    "SR1589-01",
    "SR1589-02",
    "SR1589-03",
    "SR1589-04",
    "SR1589-05",
    "SR1589-06",
    "SR1589-07",
    "SR1589-08",
    "SR1589-09",
    "SR1589-10",
    "SR1589-11",
    "SR1589-12",
    "SR1594-01",
    "SR1594-02",
    "SR1594-03",
    "SR1594-04",
    "SR1594-05",
    "SR1594-06",
    "SR1594-07",
    "SR1594-08",
    "SR1594-09",
    "SR1594-10",
    "SR1594-11",
    "SR1594-12",
    "SR1603-04",
    "SR1603-07",
    "SR1603-09",
    "SR1603-11",
    "SR1603-14",
    "SR1603-18",
    "SR1603-19",
    "SR1603-20",
    "SR1605-01",
    "SR1605-02",
    "SR1605-03",
    "SR1605-04",
    "SR1605-05",
    "SR1605-06",
    "SR1605-07",
    "SR1605-08",
    "SR1605-09",
    "SR1605-10",
    "SR1605-11",
    "SR1605-12",
    "SR1684-04",
    "SR1684-11",
    "SR1696-01",
    "SR1696-02",
    "SR1696-03",
    "SR1696-04",
    "SR1696-07",
    "SR1696-08",
    "SR1697-01",
    "SR1697-02",
    "SR1697-03",
    "SR1697-05",
    "SR1697-06",
    "SR1697-10",
    "SR1697-12",
    "SR1697-16",
    "SR1697-17",
    "SR1697-18",
    "SRblog-01",
    "SRblog-02",
    "SRblog-03",
    "SRblog-04",
    "SRblog-05",
    "SRblog-06",
    "SRblog-08",
    "SRblog-09",
    "SRblog-10",
    "SRblog-11",
    "SRblog-12",
    "SRblog-13",
    "SRblog-14",
    "SRblog-15",
    "SRblog-16",
    "SRblog-17",
    "SRblog-18",
    "SRblog-19",
    "SRblog-20",
    "SRblog-21",
    "SRblog-22",
    "SRblog-23",
    "SRblog-24",
    "SRblog-25",
    "SRblog-26",
    "SRblog-27",
    "SRblog-28",
    "SRblog-29",
    "SRblog-34",
    "SRblog-37",
    "SRblog-38",
    "SRblog-40",
    "SRblog-41",
    "SRblog-44",
    "SRblog-47",
    "SRblog-48",
    "SRblog-50",
    "SRblog-51",
    "SRblog-52",
    "SRblog-53",
    "SR123-01",
    "SR123-02",
    "SR123-03",
    "SR123-04",
    "SR123-05",
    "SR123-06",
    "SR123-07",
    "SR123-08",
    "SR123-09",
    "SR123-10",
    "SR123-11",
    "SR123-12",
    "SR123-13",
    "SR1569-02",
    "SR1569-03",
    "SR1569-04",
    "SR1569-05",
    "SR1569-06",
    "SR1569-07",
    "SR1569-08",
    "SR1569-09",
    "SR1569-10",
    "SR1569-11",
    "SR1569-12",
    "SR1569-13",
    "SR1569-14",
    "SR1569-17",
    "SR1569-18",
    "SR1569-19",
    "SR1569-20",
    "SR1570-04",
    "SR1570-05",
    "SR1570-06",
    "SR1570-07",
    "SR1570-08",
    "SR1570-09",
    "SR1570-10",
    "SR1570-11",
    "SR1570-12",
    "SR1570-13",
    "SR1570-14",
    "SR1575-01",
    "SR1575-02",
    "SR1575-03",
    "SR1575-04",
    "SR1575-05",
    "SR1575-06",
    "SR1575-07",
    "SR1575-09",
    "SR1575-10",
    "SR1575-11",
    "SR1575-12",
    "SR1587-02",
    "SR1587-05",
    "SR1587-06",
    "SR1587-07",
    "SR1587-08",
    "SR1587-09",
    "SR1587-10",
    "SR1587-11",
    "SR1587-12",
    "SR1587-13",
    "SR1587-14",
    "SR1587-15",
    "SR1587-16",
    "SR1587-17",
    "SR1587-18",
    "SR1587-19",
    "SR1587-20",
    "SR1587-21",
    "SR1587-22",
    "SR1587-23",
    "SR1587-24",
    "SR1587-25",
    "SR1587-26",
    "SR1587-27",
    "SR1590-01",
    "SR1590-02",
    "SR1590-03",
    "SR1590-04",
    "SR1590-05",
    "SR1590-06",
    "SR1590-07",
    "SR1590-08",
    "SR1590-09",
    "SR1590-10",
    "SR1590-11",
    "SR1590-13",
    "SR1590-14",
    "SR1590-15",
    "SR1590-16",
    "SR1590-17",
    "SR1590-18",
    "SR1590-19",
    "SR1590-20",
    "SR1590-21",
    "SR1590-22",
    "SR1590-23",
    "SR1590-24",
    "SR1590-25",
    "SR1590-26",
    "SR1590-27",
    "SR1590-28",
    "SR1590-29",
    "SR1590-30",
    "SR1590-31"
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "kernel-coverage",
   "detail": "59 source kernels absent from the compression's body and rail",
   "claims": [
    "F32",
    "F33",
    "SR1574-02",
    "SR1574-10",
    "SR1576-03",
    "SR1576-05",
    "SR1579-01",
    "SR1579-02",
    "SR1579-08",
    "SR1585-01",
    "SR1585-09",
    "SR1586-01",
    "SR1586-02",
    "SR1586-17",
    "SR1586-25",
    "SR1586-30",
    "SR1589-01",
    "SR1589-05",
    "SR1589-11",
    "SR1594-01",
    "SR1594-06",
    "SR1594-12",
    "SR1603-02",
    "SR1603-09",
    "SR1603-15",
    "SR1605-01",
    "SR1605-03",
    "SR1605-05",
    "SR1605-11",
    "SR1696-07",
    "SR1696-08",
    "SR1697-01",
    "SR1697-02",
    "SR1697-04",
    "SRblog-02",
    "SRblog-09",
    "SRblog-14",
    "SRblog-17",
    "SRblog-18",
    "SRblog-24",
    "SRblog-26",
    "SRblog-42",
    "SR123-01",
    "SR123-07",
    "SR123-10",
    "SR1569-04",
    "SR1570-04",
    "SR1570-10",
    "SR1570-14",
    "SR1575-01",
    "SR1575-05",
    "SR1575-06",
    "SR1587-01",
    "SR1587-08",
    "SR1587-22",
    "SR1590-01",
    "SR1590-02",
    "SR1590-05",
    "SR1590-24"
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO3",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO8",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO13",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO14",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO16",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO19",
   "detail": "21% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.207
  },
  {
   "check": "numbers",
   "at": "KO20",
   "detail": "numbers no cited quote or locus gives: 34"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO20",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "numbers",
   "at": "KO22",
   "detail": "numbers no cited quote or locus gives: 1697"
  },
  {
   "check": "numbers",
   "at": "KO25",
   "detail": "numbers no cited quote or locus gives: 183"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO33",
   "detail": "23% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.231
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO34",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO34",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO42",
   "detail": "29% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.286
  },
  {
   "check": "numbers",
   "at": "KO43",
   "detail": "numbers no cited quote or locus gives: 2025"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "KO44",
   "detail": "10% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.1
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "P-lede",
   "detail": "11% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.111
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P1.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P1.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P1.3",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P1.4",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P2.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P2.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P2.3",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P3.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P3.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P4.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "P5.1",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P5.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P5.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "P5.4",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "P5.5",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P6.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "P6.4",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "P6.4",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:KO6",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:KO6",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:KO7",
   "detail": "18% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.176
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P-lede",
   "detail": "29% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0.286
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P1.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P1.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P2.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P2.2",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P3.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P4.1",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "grade (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P4.1",
   "detail": "every cited claim is graded (interpretation, hypothesis or stipulation) and the sentence carries no grade in its grammar"
  },
  {
   "check": "grounding (heuristic)",
   "at": "B:P4.3",
   "detail": "0% of the unit's content words occur in the quotes it cites (floor 30%)",
   "share": 0
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO4",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "the art of the sophist is defined there as \"the semblance of wisdom without the reality\", and contentious arguments as those that reason or appear to reason from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not. (the quote F6 says 'the art of the sophist is the semblance of wisdom without the reality' but gives no 'defined' framing in the quoted text; modality stipulation supports 'defines'; minor, but 'reason or appear to reason ... generally accepted' is faithful — the exceeding element is none beyond the stipulation framing, so only flagged if 'defined there' is read as unsupported)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    true,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO5",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The treatise itself places demonstrative arguments in the Analytics and dialectic and examination arguments elsewhere (F8 says only 'elsewhere'; the quote does not name the Topics, and KO5 does not either, but 'places ... in the Analytics' is consistent; no excess here)",
    "a reading it holds as interpretation (the attribution 'a field source' is carried; no excess)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    true,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO9",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "Language is given its weight by a statement of the work (the quotes are modality interpretation; KO9's grammar states the work's statement flatly and does not carry that the 'most prolific' claim and the finite-names rationale are the author's interpretive claims, not stipulations)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    true,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO11",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "reads the article's later Fallacies section as a conversion",
    "its labels contradict its list, and a stated criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy",
    "reads the article's later Fallacies section as a conversion (SR1697-07 and -08 give 'the article's labels contradict its list' and 'a stated criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy', but neither quote names a 'Fallacies section' or the term 'conversion')"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO12",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "the edit history records the section's labels as one editor's own reading of the text",
    "paired in the deposit with the finding that the narrowing is unsound against the article's own sources",
    "the finding that the narrowing is unsound against the article's own sources (SR1697-09 is modality interpretation, not a 'finding')",
    "the edit history records the section's labels as one editor's own reading of the text (SR1697-20 says 'My source is my own reading of the text' with no reference to 'the section's labels')"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO17",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "the deposit finds the article's opposition between dialectic and sophistry in tension with that reading",
    "the deposit finds the article's opposition between dialectic and sophistry in tension with that reading (the SR1697-14 quote is only Krabbe's attributed statement; no quote gives the deposit's finding of tension or the article's opposition)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO18",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "reads the article's lead as substituting a truth-normative pattern for the endoxic capacity"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO19",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "a candidate reading it states as a hypothesis",
    "deposits 1585 and 1586 place it at the world pole of the first axis, while a file erratum in 1586 puts the real text on the apparatus side",
    "reads the work stylometrically",
    "deposits 1585 and 1586 place it at the world pole of the first axis (SR1585-03 documents the W pole in 1585 and SR1586-23 documents the apparatus side in 1586; no quote shows 1586 placing SE at the world pole)",
    "a file erratum in 1586 puts the real text on the apparatus side (SR1586-23 says the real SE lies on the apparatus side but does not mention an erratum)",
    "stylometrically (no quote mentions stylometry or 'the first axis')"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO20",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The work ends in chapter 34",
    "a recapitulation of the aim",
    "a recapitulation of the aim (F42 states the aim; nothing in the quote marks it as a recapitulation)",
    "The work ends in chapter 34 (no quote gives the chapter number or that the work ends there)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO21",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "the text adds that sophistic's proximity shapes the discipline"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO23",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The chapter holds that Socrates \"asked and did not answer\"",
    "The chapter holds"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO24",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "or something the epilogue files under the inquiry's own purposes",
    "as an antecedent source"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO25",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The chapter then states",
    "183b34-36",
    "of 183b34-36 (no quote gives the Bekker reference)",
    "The chapter then states (sequencing and chapter attribution not given in F64)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO27",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "holds that the closing chapter is built joint by joint so that the sentence can be kept (SR1603-02 is 'I argue that the sentence means what it says; that the closing chapter is built, joint by joint, so that it can be kept', an argument, not a hold or finding)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    true,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO28",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "held in no instance of Socrates",
    "with three lines of names attached",
    "held in no instance of Socrates (SR1603-12 says 'It says none of it of Socrates', which concerns the text, not a held-in-no-instance finding over all instances; and 'three lines of names attached' is carried)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO32",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "rhetoric advanced by succession",
    "The chapter divides discoveries by provenance",
    "rhetoric advanced by succession (F67 gives only the succession of names Tisias, Thrasymachus, Theodorus; it does not say 'rhetoric' or 'advanced')",
    "The chapter divides discoveries by provenance (SRblog-35 is an interpretation by a blog and is not attributed as such in KO32's grammar)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO33",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The paid teachers of eristic are likened to the instruction of Gorgias, and the text says they gave"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO34",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "and taught no shoemaking",
    "one who promised knowledge to spare the feet pain",
    "The text illustrates this with a shoemaker analogy (F70 is modality interpretation and the quote is cut before the clause); 'and taught no shoemaking' is partly given ('εἶτα σκυτοτομικὴν μὲν μὴ διδάσκοι'), but the 'knowledge to spare the feet pain' item is carried; the claim 'one who promised' is a gloss"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO35",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The work closes by naming its own pioneering condition",
    "asking its hearers for indulgence toward omissions and thanks for what has been found"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO36",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "Translators of the closing sentence render it whole",
    "the narrowing, to \"no systematic treatment\" or \"no completed art\", enters in the gloss"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO37",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "finds it \"difficult to reconcile Aristotle's assertion with what we know had been done by Plato and Socrates and the Eleatics and Megarians\"",
    "Poste's note (SRblog-31 gives no attribution to Poste)",
    "in a blog catalogue record (the quote does not say it is a catalogue record)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO38",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "is read there as a tension and not as a refutation",
    "The archive's tension ... is stated in deposit 1576 and is read there as a tension and not as a refutation (SR1576-01 states the two sentences but no quote says it is read as a tension and not as a refutation)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO39",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "across twenty rounds of simulated review",
    "each round inserted a qualifier into the sentence",
    "across twenty rounds of simulated review (no quote gives 'twenty' or 'simulated')",
    "each round inserted a qualifier (SRblog-42 says 'Every round inserted a qualifier' but the quote is truncated; KO39 reads 'into the sentence', which is carried)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO40",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The record reads this as the reception deleting the negation at composition",
    "restoring provenance from others",
    "and as restoring provenance from others (SRblog-46 is a separate interpretation about what the reception restores; KO40 carries it, but grammar 'as restoring' conflates the two)",
    "as Sophistical Refutations 16 predicts (carried)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO41",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "The article's lead states the work's priority as an attribute",
    "a total negation over a stated domain turned into a property, primacy"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO42",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "Deposit 1697 reads this conversion as the clearest of the article's changes",
    "Deposit 1697 reads this conversion as the clearest of the article's changes (SR1697-04 gives the conversion but no quote says it is the clearest of the changes)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO43",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "the claim of exhaustiveness hedged by a footnote folded into the text",
    "added in a 2025 edit",
    "the claim of exhaustiveness hedged by a footnote folded into the text (SR1697-11 says 'the article contradicts its hedge at λ = 2', not that a footnote was a hedge on exhaustiveness)",
    "added in a 2025 edit (no quote gives the year 2025 for this footnote)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO44",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "other sentences of the article stay faithful to their source",
    "finding no attributization in them",
    "other sentences of the article stay faithful to their source (SR1697-15 reads 'No attributization: the operation survives.', which does not say other sentences stay faithful to their source)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO45",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "Deposit 1697 notes that no discussion of the lead, the gloss, the qualifier or the labels has ever taken place on the talk page"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO46",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "deposit 1579 traces the edition of a received Socrates in the Second Letter into Aristotle's epilogue at SE 34",
    "leaves open whether such an edition implies anything about how many hands made the texts",
    "deposit 1576 states that the priority claim sits in tension with Prior Analytics I.31 (SR1576-01 states the two Aristotle sentences; 'the priority claim' and 'tension' are not in the quote)",
    "deposit 1579 traces the edition of a received Socrates in the Second Letter into Aristotle's epilogue (SRblog-07 is a blog record, not deposit 1579, and the quote does not mention Socrates)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "KO47",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "the two names Aristotle and Theophrastus fail as two authors"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    true
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "P-lede",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "closed by a recapitulation",
    "closed by a recapitulation (no quote gives a recapitulation)",
    "reasoning that seems genuine but is not (the lede states the definition flatly, with no hedge)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "P3.3",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "read in deposit 1697 against the article's sophistry opposition",
    "read in deposit 1697 against the article's sophistry opposition (SR1697-14 gives only Krabbe's quote)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "P4.3",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "At the world pole on the first axis",
    "At the world pole on the first axis (SR1585-03 says the W pole 'in every family'; 'first axis' is not given)",
    "the real text on the apparatus side after the file erratum (the erratum is not in SR1586-23)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "P5.4",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "Rhetoric grew by succession (F67 lists names only)",
    "paid teachers gave products, not the art (F69 says they supposed they were educating by giving products; 'gave' is carried, 'supposed' dropped)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    true,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "P6.3",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "A review series deleted οὐ at composition, reported as unperceived (SRblog-43 says the terminal round endorsed a sentence with οὐ removed; SRblog-45 is an interpretation that they deleted it; the 'deleted' stated flatly raises an interpretation to a fact)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    true,
    false
   ]
  },
  {
   "check": "reverse-entailment",
   "at": "P6.4",
   "detail": "the unit says more than the claims it cites",
   "exceeds": [
    "Some article sentences stay faithful to their source",
    "Some article sentences stay faithful to their source (the quote is 'No attributization: the operation survives.', which is not a statement about sentences staying faithful)"
   ],
   "raters": [
    false,
    false
   ]
  }
 ],
 "composition_gnosis": {
  "service": {
   "name": "SPXI-gnΩsis",
   "version": "0.19.7",
   "protocol": "EA-WIKI-OPEN-01 v1.1 (#1697)"
  },
  "protocol": "gnosis-S7/0.1 (EA-NEGONT-02 v0.9, #1690)",
  "mode": "live",
  "models": {
   "triage": "claude-haiku-5-5",
   "reading": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
   "thinking": "up-front thinking off"
  },
  "archive_release": {
   "archive_commit": "0f9f7b546e073fbe7644a18648b9db0c8f9247fd",
   "registry_sha256": "9f835f1aa71e5fd5e46dfde8c72b80d953f133d768b6e37340d30696474c3843",
   "citation_graph_sha256": "b1fdd083c109a303130092ecc7a2779e2f54afe951defd209129640b535ae082",
   "traverse_script_sha256": "83737905f980ae5e70b075fc0112cd9b0e3f5af2ef769f4e646d6e388733d2ff"
  },
  "passes": [
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "1-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1890,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1890,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 517,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.009986,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "1-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 2522,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 498,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.005286,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "2-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 8764,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 8764,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 429,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.026291,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "2-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9396,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 353,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.004524,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "3-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 8499,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 8499,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 898,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.030319,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "3-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9131,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 783,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.008797,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "4-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9207,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9207,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1452,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.037629,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "4-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9839,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1088,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.011918,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "5-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 8416,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 8416,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 761,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.028741,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "5-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9048,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 862,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.009579,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "6-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 5925,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 5925,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 761,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.022514,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "6-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 6557,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 800,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00871,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "7-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 7951,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 7951,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 751,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.027479,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "7-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 8583,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 768,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.008592,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "8-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9484,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9484,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1171,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.035511,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "8-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 10116,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1223,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.013296,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "9-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 5290,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 5290,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 571,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.019026,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-dro",
    "id": "9-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 5922,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 590,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.006546,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "1-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 10919,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 10919,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 748,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00174,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "1-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 10919,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 885,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000554,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "2-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 8949,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 8949,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 792,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001522,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "2-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9581,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 758,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000478,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "3-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 23368,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 23368,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 264,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.003061,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "3-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 24000,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 270,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000378,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "4-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9185,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9185,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 628,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00147,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "4-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9817,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 936,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000569,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "5-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 26617,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 26617,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 221,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.003445,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "5-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 27249,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 188,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000369,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "6-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 7743,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 7743,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 629,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00129,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "6-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 8375,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 853,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000513,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "7-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9958,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9958,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 799,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001652,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "7-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 10590,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 602,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00041,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "8-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 10696,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 10696,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 623,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001656,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "8-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 11328,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 446,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000339,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "9-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 6636,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 6636,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1255,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001465,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "9-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 7268,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 877,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000514,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "10-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 17969,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 17969,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 732,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00262,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "10-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 18601,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 764,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000571,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "11-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 10698,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 10698,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 568,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001629,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "11-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 11330,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 504,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000368,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "12-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 4539,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 4539,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 212,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000681,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "12-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 5171,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 255,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000182,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "13-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 6655,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 6655,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 310,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000995,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "13-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 7287,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 519,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000335,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "14-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 7654,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 7654,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 284,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001106,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "14-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 8286,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 287,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000229,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "15-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 12422,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 12422,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 666,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001893,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "15-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 13054,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 625,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000446,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "16-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 8854,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 8854,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 361,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001295,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "16-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9486,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 498,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000347,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "17-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9489,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9489,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 888,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001638,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "17-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 10121,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 929,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000568,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "18-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 10578,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 10578,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1096,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001878,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "18-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 11210,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 949,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000589,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "19-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 6078,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 6078,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 446,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00099,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "19-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 6710,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 280,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.00021,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "20-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 5612,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 5612,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 276,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000847,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "20-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 6244,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 225,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000178,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "21-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 5650,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 5650,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 285,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000856,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "21-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 6282,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 221,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000176,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "22-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 17736,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 17736,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 502,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.002476,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "22-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 18368,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 597,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000485,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "23-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 10042,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 10042,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 450,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001488,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "23-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 10674,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 453,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000336,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "24-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 4423,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 4423,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 467,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000794,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "24-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 5055,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 596,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000351,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "25-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9582,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9582,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 253,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001332,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "25-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 10214,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 283,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000246,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "26-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 3387,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 3387,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 351,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000607,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "26-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 4019,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 251,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000168,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "27-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 9309,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 9309,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 246,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001294,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "27-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9941,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 363,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000284,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "28-pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 14,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 8644,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 632,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 8644,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 268,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.001222,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "admit-hop",
    "id": "28-pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-haiku-5-5",
    "model": "claude-haiku-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 9276,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 401,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.000296,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1574",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1949,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1949,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1814,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.023047,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1576",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1469,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1469,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1463,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.018399,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1579",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 12658,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 12658,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 3805,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.069792,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1585",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1890,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1890,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1908,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.023902,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1586",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 21705,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 21705,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 4428,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.098639,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1589",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1910,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1910,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2163,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.026502,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1594",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1938,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1938,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2133,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.026272,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1603",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 2362,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 2362,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 3132,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.037322,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1605",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 2661,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 2661,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2100,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.027749,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1684",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 2618,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 2618,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2125,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.027892,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1696",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1639,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1639,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1216,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.016354,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1697",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 5120,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 5120,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 3607,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.048967,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "blog-6978b810e2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1688,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1688,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1992,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.024237,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "blog-d1782cfc49",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1805,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1805,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1875,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.023359,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "blog-04159c8456",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1688,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1688,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2653,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.030847,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "blog-edaaf50a21",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 2006,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 2006,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2256,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.027672,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "123",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 1923,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 1923,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2292,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.027824,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1569",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 2261,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 2261,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 3110,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.036849,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1570",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 2480,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 2480,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2570,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.031997,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1575",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 3414,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 3414,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2032,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.028952,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1587",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 6342,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 6342,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 3853,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.054482,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-archive",
    "id": "1590",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 13801,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 13801,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 4575,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.080349,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-field",
    "id": "B1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 4811,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 4811,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 4613,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.058254,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-field",
    "id": "B2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 5937,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 5937,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 1531,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.030249,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-field",
    "id": "B3",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 6677,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 6677,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 6242,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.079209,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "extract-field",
    "id": "B4",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 17,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 231,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 626,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 231,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 223,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.002904,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "ontology",
    "id": "pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 27,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 63033,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 63033,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 5874,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.216377,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "ontology",
    "id": "pass2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 30,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 63033,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 5265,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.059013,
    "sampling": "model defaults",
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z"
   },
   {
    "stage": "compose",
    "id": "pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 16,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 63751,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 63751,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 9286,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.252269,
    "sampling": "model defaults"
   },
   {
    "stage": "delta",
    "id": "pass1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 12,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 13327,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 13327,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 3474,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.068082,
    "sampling": "model defaults"
   },
   {
    "stage": "audit",
    "id": "rater1",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 11,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 16496,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 16496,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 2723,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.068492,
    "sampling": "model defaults"
   },
   {
    "stage": "audit",
    "id": "rater2",
    "how": "live:claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "model": "claude-sonnet-5-5",
    "usage": {
     "input_tokens": 13,
     "cache_creation_input_tokens": 0,
     "cache_read_input_tokens": 16496,
     "cache_creation": {
      "ephemeral_5m_input_tokens": 0,
      "ephemeral_1h_input_tokens": 0
     },
     "output_tokens": 4216,
     "service_tier": "standard",
     "inference_geo": "global",
     "speed": "standard",
     "output_tokens_details": {
      "thinking_tokens": 0
     }
    },
    "cost_usd": 0.043836,
    "sampling": "model defaults"
   }
  ],
  "cost_usd": 0.43268,
  "seconds": 268.964,
  "stages": {
   "reading": {
    "cost_usd": 0,
    "from_checkpoint": "2026-10-25T07:16:11.243Z",
    "checkpoint": "s7/sophistical-refutations/reading/c6efe98d63863076a048aff698fe9d45abba6175be037e05fe43c9084e11d7d2.json",
    "delivered": true
   },
   "construction": {
    "cost_usd": 0.43268,
    "ran": true,
    "delivered": true
   }
  }
 },
 "ontology": {
  "composition": "witness",
  "case": {
   "value": "witness",
   "statement": "the readings disagree on ρ; the reading of ρ = constructs is taken (ruled 2026-10-25: \"if the readings disagree go constructs\"). The reading taken gave equal: The archive does not contest the field's ontology of the work. Both hold Sophistical Refutations as Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation, the closing recapitulation, and the no-predecessor claim; the field itself carries the Greek of 183b34-36 (F64, F65) and the pioneering limit (F71, F72), so the field holds the ontology, even if the article's lead converts it. What the archive adds is the unqualified reading of the closing sentence, the transmission-vocabulary analysis, the enacted-peirastic reading, the conversion measurements on reception, and the stylometric and maker-count questions. Where the archive's literal reading meets the field's article lead (W2: 'the first work to treat'), the two compose within one claim space: W2's primacy is read as the received attribute and F64 as the underlying sentence. The law of the suppressed witness does not apply, because the field holds the ontology of the entity, though in part marginally through the Greek ledger rows and not through the article's prose.",
   "loci": [
    {
     "dep": 1603,
     "locus": "Abstract",
     "quote": "I argue that the sentence means what it says; that the closing chapter is built, joint by joint, so that it can be kept",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    {
     "dep": 1603,
     "locus": "§1 Introduction",
     "quote": "It has the transmission vocabulary: παρ᾽ ἑτέρων, ἐκ διαδοχῆς, ἐκ παραδόσεως — freshly used, three lines of names attached. It says none of it of Socrates.",
     "quote_ok": true
    },
    {
     "dep": 1697,
     "locus": "§1.6, second specimen (encyclopedia)",
     "quote": "A total negation over a stated domain becomes a property, primacy (§6).",
     "quote_ok": true
    }
   ],
   "by_rule": true
  },
  "E_F": {
   "type": "C (public entity: a work in Aristotle's Organon, the subject of an encyclopedia article)",
   "definition": "The field holds Sophistical Refutations as Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutations: reasoning that seems genuine but is not, or is valid yet inappropriate to the subject (F1, F20). It rests on a two-fold division of fallacies into six language-dependent kinds (ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division, accent, form of expression) and seven independent of language (F11, F12, F13), with names as the chief source of apparent refutation because names are finite and things infinite (F4, F5). The sophist's art is the semblance of wisdom without the reality (F6), and contentious argument reasons from apparently accepted premisses (F7). The work is the appendix or final section of the Topics (F38), belonging to the Organon grouping of the ancient commentators, a title Aristotle never used (F36, F37), with demonstrative argument treated in the Analytics (F8). It ends in chapter 33-34 with a recapitulation of the inquiry's aim, a syllogistic capacity from endoxa serving dialectic and peirastic (F42, F43), shaped by sophistic's proximity (F44), and with Socrates asking but not answering because he admitted not knowing (F46). It closes with the claim that nothing at all preceded the theory of syllogism and refutation (F64, F65), the pioneering status of the work (F71, F72) and the contrast with rhetoric's succession and the paid teachers who gave products rather than the art (F67-F70).",
   "claims": [
    "F1",
    "F2",
    "F4",
    "F5",
    "F6",
    "F7",
    "F8",
    "F11",
    "F12",
    "F13",
    "F20",
    "F36",
    "F37",
    "F38",
    "F42",
    "F43",
    "F44",
    "F46",
    "F64",
    "F65",
    "F67",
    "F68",
    "F69",
    "F70",
    "F71",
    "F72"
   ]
  },
  "E_A": {
   "definition": "The archive's Sophistical Refutations is, centrally, its closing chapter (SE 34), whose sentence οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν (183b34-36) the archive reads literally: nothing of the inquiry existed beforehand. The chapter is built joint by joint so that the sentence can be kept; the transmission and origination vocabulary (παρ' ἑτέρων, ἐκ διαδοχῆς, ἐκ παραδόσεως, ἐξ ὑπαρχῆς) is supplied and never said of Socrates, who is named inside the inquiry's own purposes and not an antecedent source, and the ending performs the peirastic operation on its reader, who by qualifying the sentence supplies what the text lacks (SR1603-01 to SR1603-17, SRblog-24 to SRblog-26, SRblog-30). Translators render the sentence whole, and the qualification enters in the glosses (SR1603-03, SRblog-27 to SRblog-31). The reception layer deletes the negation at the point of composition, unperceived, as SE 16 predicts, and restores provenance from others (SR1574-10, SRblog-42 to SRblog-46). The archive's encyclopedia entry treats the Wikipedia article as an instance of this conversion: the total negation becomes the attribute of primacy (W2), the criterion-bearing taxonomy becomes membership in a later list (W7-W8), exhaustiveness is hedged (W1) and the endoxic capacity is replaced by a truth-normative pattern against sophistry (W3), while W4-W6 stay faithful (SR1696-05, SR1696-06, SR1697-04, SR1697-07 to SR1697-15). SE is also a stylometric object at the world pole of the first axis, with the registry-of-practice reading (SR1585-03, SR1585-06). It is the hinge of the archive's one-maker question: the priority claim sits in tension with Prior Analytics I.31 (SR1576-01), and the second-letter edition is traced into SE 34 (SR1579-21, SRblog-07).",
   "claims": [
    "SR1603-01",
    "SR1603-02",
    "SR1603-03",
    "SR1603-04",
    "SR1603-06",
    "SR1603-09",
    "SR1603-12",
    "SR1603-13",
    "SR1603-15",
    "SR1603-17",
    "SRblog-24",
    "SRblog-26",
    "SRblog-30",
    "SRblog-42",
    "SRblog-43",
    "SRblog-46",
    "SR1574-10",
    "SR1696-05",
    "SR1697-04",
    "SR1697-07",
    "SR1697-13",
    "SR1697-15",
    "SR1585-03",
    "SR1576-01",
    "SR1579-21"
   ],
   "defining_papers": [
    1603,
    1574,
    1697,
    1696,
    1576
   ]
  },
  "rho": {
   "value": "constructs",
   "statement": "The archive reads the encyclopedia article's Sophistical Refutations as made by reception: the article's primacy claim, its list labels, its hedge and its sophistry opposition are not Aristotle's sentences but conversions of them, supplied by receiving texts (the discipline's glosses, the edit history, the models trained on both). The archive's own entity is the text's closing operation, which these receptions convert into attributes. This is the same attestation structure the archive reads in Plato Second Letter 314c, where the received character is made by what receives it.",
   "claims": [
    "SRblog-30",
    "SRblog-42",
    "SRblog-46",
    "SR1696-05",
    "SR1696-06",
    "SR1697-04",
    "SR1697-07",
    "SR1697-08",
    "SR1697-11",
    "SR1697-13",
    "SR1697-19",
    "SR1697-20",
    "SR1697-21"
   ],
   "guard": "ρ claims only that the archive treats the article's attributes as conversions supplied by reception, on the specific sentences W1, W2, W3, W7 and W8 and their stated edit histories. It does not claim that every field claim is a reception artefact, that the field's claims on definition, taxonomy and scope (F1-F31, F38) are wrong or absent from Aristotle, or that W4-W6 are converted (SR1697-15 records them as faithful). It does not claim the SE 34 reading is the only defensible one: the archive itself marks the maker-count question and Socrates' possession of the art as left open (SR1603-10, SR1579-24)."
  },
  "translation": [
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F1",
     "F2",
     "F3",
     "F6",
     "F7",
     "F20",
     "F27"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1603-15",
     "SR1603-17",
     "SRblog-33"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's reading that the treatise's own operation, supplying unperceived qualifications, is enacted on its last page against the reader.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"Let us now discuss sophistic refutations, i.e. what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead.\"; \"reasoning rests on certain statements such that they involve necessarily the assertion of something other than what has been stated, through what has been stated: refutation is reasoning involving the contradictory of the given conclusion.\"; \"That some reasonings are genuine, while others seem to be so but are not, is evident.\"; \"the art of the sophist is the semblance of wisdom without the reality\"; \"contentious arguments are those that reason or appear to reason to a conclusion from premisses that appear to be generally accepted but are not so.\"; \"By a sophistical refutation and syllogism I mean not only a syllogism or refutation which appears to be valid but is not, but also one which, though it is valid, only appears to be appropriate to the thing in question.\"; \"any reasoning that merely appears to conform to the subject in hand, even though it be genuine reasoning, is a contentious argument\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F4",
     "F5",
     "F11",
     "F12",
     "F13",
     "F14",
     "F15",
     "F16",
     "F17",
     "F18",
     "F19"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SRblog-42",
     "SRblog-45",
     "SR1697-07",
     "SR1697-08"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's measurement of the article's taxonomy (W7-W8) as a criterion converted to membership in a later list, and of the reception deleting the negation unperceived as SE 16 predicts.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"of these the most prolific and usual domain is the argument that turns upon names only.\"; \"For names are finite and so is the sum-total of formulae, while things are infinite in number. Inevitably, then, the same formulae, and a single name, have a number of meanings.\"; \"There are two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language.\"; \"they are ambiguity, amphiboly, combination, division of words, accent, form of expression.\"; \"Of fallacies, on the other hand, that are independent of language there are seven kinds:\"; \"'Those learn who know: for it is those who know their letters who learn the letters dictated to them'. For to 'learn' is ambiguous\"; \"Fallacies, then, that depend on Accident occur whenever any attribute is claimed to belong in like manner to a thing and to its accident.\"; \"'If Coriscus be different from \"man\", he is different from himself: for he is a man'\"; \"deception comes about because we cannot distinguish the sameness and otherness of terms, i.e. their unity and multiplicity\"; \"the deception consists in the smallness of the difference involved\"; \"for the consequent is a branch of Accident.\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F8",
     "F36",
     "F37",
     "F38",
     "F41"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1585-03",
     "SR1589-04",
     "SR1586-23",
     "SR1587-19"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's placement of SE stylometrically at the world pole (and on the apparatus side after the file erratum) and its reading of the Organon grouping and the two-name division as a transmission and naming structure.",
    "receiving_text": "Andronicus's πίνακες, as read in the archive (SR1587-19)",
    "received": "\"The subject, then, of demonstrative arguments has been discussed in the Analytics, while that of dialectic arguments and examination-arguments has been discussed elsewhere\"; \"The ancient commentators grouped together several of Aristotle’s treatises under the title Organon (“Instrument”) and regarded them as comprising his logical works:\"; \"Aristotle himself never uses this term, nor does he give much indication that these particular treatises form some kind of group\"; \"On Sophistical Refutations is a final section, or an appendix, to the Topics\"; \"10. Sophistical Arguments\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F9",
     "F10",
     "F21",
     "F22",
     "F23",
     "F24",
     "F25",
     "F26",
     "F28",
     "F29",
     "F30",
     "F31",
     "F39",
     "F40"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-14",
     "SR1585-06",
     "SR1603-08"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's reading, via Krabbe, of the work as useful to sophists and its reading of the register as practice, and of peirastic as the operation the ending performs.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"These are five in number, refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism, and fifthly to reduce the opponent in the discussion to babbling\"; \"For they choose if possible plainly to refute the other party, or as the second best to show that he is committing some fallacy, or as a third best to lead him into paradox\"; \"Now the art of examining is a branch of dialectic: and this may prove a false conclusion because of the ignorance of the answerer.\"; \"Sophistic refutations on the other hand, even though they prove the contradictory of his thesis, do not make clear whether he is ignorant\"; \"while he who argues didactically should not ask questions but make things clear himself, the other should merely ask questions.\"; \"to claim a 'Yes' or 'No' answer is the business not of a man who is showing something, but of one who is holding an examination.\"; \"He, then, is a dialectician who regards the common principles with their application to the particular matter in hand, while he who only appears to do this is a sophist.\"; \"But Bryson's method of squaring the circle, even if the circle is thereby squared, is still sophistical because it does not conform to the subject in hand.\"; \"the contentious reasoner will not be given to misreasoning from any definite class of principles, but will deal with every class.\"; \"it is possible from these general principles to hold an examination on everything, and that there should be a definite art of so doing, and, moreover, an art which is not of the same kind as those which demonstrate.\"; \"that it belongs to the dialectician to study these, and to be able to effect them, is not difficult to see: for the investigation of premisses comprises the whole of this study.\"; \"people are more inclined to make mistakes when they talk at large, and they talk at large when they have no defini\"; \"In these exchanges, one participant took the role of answerer, the other the role of questioner.\"; \"to refute ( elenchein ) the answerer’s position\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F32",
     "F33",
     "F34",
     "F35"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1576-01",
     "SR1569-02"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's tension between the SE 34 originality claim and Prior Analytics I.31.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"Aristotle’s logic, especially his theory of the syllogism, has had an unparalleled influence on the history of Western thought.\"; \"This article is written from the latter perspective. As such, it is about Aristotle’s logic, which is not always the same thing as what has been called “Aristotelian” logic.\"; \"More recent scholarship has often applied the very techniques of mathematical logic to Aristotle’s theories, revealing (in the opinion of many) a number of similarities of approach and interest between Aristotle and modern logicians.\"; \"Kant thought that Aristotle had discovered everything there was to know about logic\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F42",
     "F43",
     "F44",
     "F45"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SRblog-33",
     "SRblog-34",
     "SR1697-13"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's reading of the epilogue as an accounting of a capacity (δύναμις) for dialectic and peirastic, and its finding that the article's W3 substitutes a truth-normative pattern for that endoxic capacity.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"Προειλόμεθα μὲν οὖν εὑρεῖν δύναμίν τινα συλλογιστικὴν περὶ τοῦ προβληθέντος ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων ὡς ἐνδοξοτάτων\"; \"τοῦτο γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ τῆς διαλεκτικῆς καθ᾿ αὑτὴν καὶ τῆς πειραστικῆς\"; \"Ἐπεὶ δὲ προσκατασκευάζεται πρὸς αὐτὴν διὰ τὴν τῆς σοφιστικῆς γειτνίασιν, ὡς οὐ μόνον πεῖραν δύναται λαβεῖν διαλεκτικῶς ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς εἰδώς\"; \"ὅπως λόγον ὑπέχοντες φυλάξομεν τὴν θέσιν ὡς δι᾿ ἐνδοξοτάτων ὁμοτρόπως\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F46",
     "F47",
     "F48",
     "F49",
     "F51",
     "F52",
     "F53",
     "F54",
     "F55",
     "F56",
     "F57",
     "F58",
     "F59",
     "F60",
     "F61",
     "F62",
     "F63"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1603-05",
     "SR1603-06",
     "SR1603-07",
     "SR1603-14",
     "SRblog-34"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's reading of Socrates' asking, named inside the inquiry's own purposes, as either artless examining or an operation filed under the inquiry's purposes, and in neither case an antecedent source.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"ἐπεὶ καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Σωκράτης ἠρώτα, ἀλλ᾿ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνετο· ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι.\"; \"Τὸν αὐτὸν γὰρ λόγον δεῖ καλεῖν τὸν παρὰ ταὐτὸ γινόμενον\"; \"ὁ αὐτὸς δὲ λόγος τοῖς μὲν παρὰ τὴν λέξιν τοῖς δὲ παρὰ τὸ συμβεβηκὸς τοῖς δὲ παρ᾿ ἕτερον δόξειεν ἂν εἶναι διὰ τὸ μεταφερόμενον ἕκαστον μὴ ὁμοίως εἶναι δῆλον.\"; \"Δεῖ δὲ καὶ κατανοεῖν ὅτι πάντων τῶν λόγων οἱ μέν εἰσι ῥᾴους κατιδεῖν οἱ δὲ χαλεπώτεροι, παρὰ τί καὶ ἐν τίνι παραλογίζονται τὸν ἀκούοντα\"; \"καὶ γὰρ οἱ λόγοι σχεδὸν οἱ γελοῖοι πάντες εἰσὶ παρὰ τὴν λέξιν\"; \"Τὰ δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἐμπειροτάτους φαίνεται λανθάνειν· σημεῖον δὲ τούτων ὅτι μάχονται πολλάκις περὶ τῶν ὀνομάτων\"; \"οἱ δὲ τὸν Ζήνωνος λόγον καὶ Παρμενίδου λύουσι διὰ τὸ πολλαχῶς φάναι τὸ ἓν λέγεσθαι καὶ τὸ ὄν.\"; \"καὶ λαβεῖν ἐν τίνι γένει, καὶ πότερον ἔλεγχος ἢ οὐκ ἔλεγχος, οὐ ῥᾴδιον ὁμοίως περὶ πάντων.\"; \"Ἔστι δὲ δριμὺς λόγος ὅστις ἀπορεῖν ποιεῖ μάλιστα· δάκνει γὰρ οὗτος μάλιστα.\"; \"Ἀπορία δ᾿ ἐστὶ διττή, ἡ μὲν ἐν τοῖς συλλελογισμένοις, ὅ τι ἀνέλῃ τις τῶν ἐρωτημάτων, ἡ δ᾿ ἐν τοῖς ἐριστικοῖς, πῶς εἴπῃ τις τὸ προταθέν.\"; \"Ἔστι δὲ συλλογιστικὸς μὲν λόγος δριμύτατος, ἂν ἐξ ὅτι μάλιστα δοκούντων ὅτι μάλιστα ἔνδοξον ἀναιρῇ.\"; \"Τῶν δ᾿ ἐριστικῶν δριμύτατος μὲν ὁ πρῶτον εὐθὺς ἄδηλος πότερον συλλελόγισται ἢ οὔ\"; \"ἐνίοτε δ᾿ οὐκ ἄξιος καταφρονεῖσθαι.\"; \"ἀλλ᾿ ὁ μὲν λόγος ἐπιεικής, ὁ δ᾿ ἐρωτῶν ἠρώτηκεν οὐ καλῶς.\"; \"ὥσπερ λύειν ὁτὲ μὲν πρὸς τὸν λόγον ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς τὸν ἐρωτῶντα καὶ τὴν ἐρώτησιν ὁτὲ δὲ πρὸς οὐδέτερον τούτων\"; \"Ἐκ πόσων μὲν οὖν καὶ ποίων γίνονται τοῖς διαλεγομένοις οἱ παραλογισμοί, καὶ πῶς δείξομέν τε ψευδόμενον\"; \"Ὅτι μὲν οὖν ἔχει τέλος ἱκανῶς ἃ προειλόμεθα, φανερόν\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F64",
     "F65",
     "F66",
     "F71",
     "F72"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1603-01",
     "SR1603-02",
     "SR1603-04",
     "SRblog-24",
     "SRblog-30",
     "SRblog-42",
     "SRblog-43",
     "SR1696-05",
     "SR1697-04"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's unqualified reading of οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν, its finding that translations render the sentence whole and the narrowing enters in the gloss, and its measurement that the reception deletes οὐ and converts the total negation into the attribute of primacy.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν.\"; \"περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ τριβῇ ζητοῦντες πολὺν χρόνον ἐπονοῦμεν.\"; \"Μέγιστον γὰρ ἴσως ἀρχὴ παντός, ὥσπερ λέγεται· διὸ καὶ χαλεπώτατον\"; \"δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν.\"; \"λοιπὸν ἂν εἴη πάντων ὑμῶν ἢ τῶν ἠκροαμένων ἔργον τοῖς μὲν παραλελειμμένοις τῆς μεθόδου συγγνώμην τοῖς δ᾿ εὑρημένοις πολλὴν ἔχειν χάριν.\""
   },
   {
    "field_claims": [
     "F67",
     "F68",
     "F69",
     "F70"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SRblog-35",
     "SRblog-36",
     "SRblog-37"
    ],
    "translation": "untranslated: composed as received beside the archive's reading of the epilogue as dividing discoveries by provenance (received from others versus found from the very beginning), with rhetoric as the first class and the paid eristic teachers giving products, not the art.",
    "receiving_text": null,
    "received": "\"Τισίας μὲν μετὰ τοὺς πρώτους, Θρασύμαχος δὲ μετὰ Τισίαν, Θεόδωρος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτον\"; \"Καὶ γὰρ τῶν περὶ τοὺς ἐριστικοὺς λόγους μισθαρνούντων ὁμοία τις ἦν ἡ παίδευσις τῇ Γοργίου πραγματείᾳ.\"; \"οὐ γὰρ τέχνην ἀλλὰ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς τέχνης διδόντες παιδεύειν ὑπελάμβανον\"; \"ὥσπερ ἂν εἴ τις ἐπιστήμην φάσκων παραδώσειν ἐπὶ τὸ μηδὲν πονεῖν τοὺς πόδας, εἶτα σκυτοτομικὴν μὲν μὴ διδάσκοι\""
   }
  ],
  "receiving_texts": "witness case: each field claim carried whole beside its translation, with its receiving text where located",
  "t_alignment": [
   {
    "t": "W1",
    "field_claims": [
     "F9",
     "F11",
     "F12",
     "F13"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-11",
     "SR1697-12",
     "SR1697-21"
    ],
    "bears": "revises",
    "note": "Field ledger gives six plus seven kinds (thirteen); the archive reads the hedge 'twelve or thirteen' as contradicting itself against the article's own list and the act as surviving as 'identified' while exhaustiveness does not; the hedge originates in a 2025 footnote folded into text."
   },
   {
    "t": "W2",
    "field_claims": [
     "F64",
     "F65",
     "F71"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1696-05",
     "SR1696-06",
     "SR1697-04",
     "SR1603-01",
     "SRblog-43"
    ],
    "bears": "revises",
    "note": "Aristotle's total negation (nothing at all preceded) is converted by the article into the attribute 'first work to treat', which the archive reads as operation turned into property; the archive's literal reading of 183b34-36 keeps the negation."
   },
   {
    "t": "W3",
    "field_claims": [
     "F1",
     "F20",
     "F42",
     "F43",
     "F6"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-13",
     "SR1697-14"
    ],
    "bears": "revises",
    "note": "The 'pattern of sound and genuine reasoning in opposition to sophistry' substitutes a truth-normative aim for the endoxic capacity and drops the premisses; Krabbe calls the work useful to sophists, so the opposition is contradicted."
   },
   {
    "t": "W4",
    "field_claims": [],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-15"
    ],
    "bears": "supports",
    "note": "The 34-chapter count is not on the field ledger; the archive finds W4-W6 faithful to Krabbe, with no attributization."
   },
   {
    "t": "W5",
    "field_claims": [
     "F23",
     "F24",
     "F39"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-15"
    ],
    "bears": "supports",
    "note": "Questioner and answerer roles are on the field ledger only as Academic exchange structure and yes/no examination; the archive finds the chapter division faithful."
   },
   {
    "t": "W6",
    "field_claims": [
     "F62",
     "F42"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-15"
    ],
    "bears": "supports",
    "note": "The introduction, interlude and conclusion division is faithful per the archive; the conclusion's content (F42-F72) is where the archive's reading operates."
   },
   {
    "t": "W7",
    "field_claims": [
     "F11",
     "F12",
     "F13"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-07",
     "SR1697-08",
     "SR1697-09",
     "SR1697-20"
    ],
    "bears": "contradicts",
    "note": "The article assigns formal fallacies to chapter 4 and informal to 5; the field ledger gives the language/independent-of-language division in Part 4. The archive finds the labels contradict the article's own list, criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy, and integrity unsound."
   },
   {
    "t": "W8",
    "field_claims": [
     "F12"
    ],
    "archive_claims": [
     "SR1697-07",
     "SR1697-09"
    ],
    "bears": "contradicts",
    "note": "'Figure of speech or form of expression' is the field's sixth language-dependent kind (F12); the archive's measurement sits on the article's section headings and labels, which contradict the list they sit over."
   }
  ],
  "contested": {
   "readings": [
    {
     "rho": {
      "value": "extends",
      "statement": "The archive reads the Sophistical Refutations as the field's own object (the treatise, its fallacy-taxonomy, its dialectical function, its epilogue) and adds senses, mechanisms and limits to it: the epilogue's denial of predecessors read as stated, the ending as an enactment of peirastic on its reader, the closing sentence as the measured site of a reception mechanism, the encyclopedic lead and fallacy-list as specimens of operation-to-attribute conversion, and a stylometric position for the text. It contradicts no field claim about the work's content; it contests how the field's composition (T) relays the epilogue and the fallacy criterion.",
      "claims": [
       "SR1603-01",
       "SR1603-03",
       "SR1603-09",
       "SR1603-15",
       "SRblog-30",
       "SRblog-39",
       "SR1574-10",
       "SRblog-42",
       "SRblog-43",
       "SR1696-05",
       "SR1696-06",
       "SR1697-04",
       "SR1697-07",
       "SR1697-13",
       "SR1585-03",
       "SR1585-06",
       "SR1586-23"
      ],
      "guard": "ρ claims that the archive's defining papers take the treatise itself, as in F1/F20/F64, to be the entity and add readings and findings on it. It does not claim that the archive's maker-count, heteronymic or stylometric theses are established (the archive marks them as readings, open or limited: SR1586-02, SR1586-17, SR1587-03, SR1575-12), nor that the archive's readings of T's sentences are accepted by the field."
     },
     "case": {
      "value": "equal",
      "statement": "The archive's defining papers read the Sophistical Refutations as the field's own treatise, and the field holds that ontology (a Greek text in the Organon concerned with apparent refutations, with the closing 'nothing before' claim in F64 and F65 and Socrates in F46). The archive adds a reading, a reception measurement and a stylometric placement; it does not radically contest the field's ontology of the work or supply an ontology no other source makes available. The law of the suppressed witness does not apply. The archive's contradictions of the encyclopedic composition (T) concern relay of the field's own claims (F64, F65, F42-F45, F11-F13, F47), not the field's ontology, so the two ledgers compose as one claim space and nothing is translated.",
      "loci": [
       {
        "dep": 1603,
        "locus": "Abstract",
        "quote": "I argue that the sentence means what it says; that the closing chapter is built, joint by joint, so that it can be kept"
       },
       {
        "dep": 1603,
        "locus": "Abstract",
        "quote": "In every version examined here the sentence is translated as it stands; where it is narrowed — to *no systematic treatment*, *no completed art* — the narrowing comes in the gloss"
       },
       {
        "dep": 1574,
        "locus": "Description (abstract)",
        "quote": "the reviewers recover every distinction in the Greek and, at the point of composition, delete the negation, unperceived, as Sophistical Refutations 16 (175a10–12) predicts."
       }
      ]
     }
    },
    {
     "rho": {
      "value": "constructs",
      "statement": "The archive reads the encyclopedia article's Sophistical Refutations as made by reception: the article's primacy claim, its list labels, its hedge and its sophistry opposition are not Aristotle's sentences but conversions of them, supplied by receiving texts (the discipline's glosses, the edit history, the models trained on both). The archive's own entity is the text's closing operation, which these receptions convert into attributes. This is the same attestation structure the archive reads in Plato Second Letter 314c, where the received character is made by what receives it.",
      "claims": [
       "SRblog-30",
       "SRblog-42",
       "SRblog-46",
       "SR1696-05",
       "SR1696-06",
       "SR1697-04",
       "SR1697-07",
       "SR1697-08",
       "SR1697-11",
       "SR1697-13",
       "SR1697-19",
       "SR1697-20",
       "SR1697-21"
      ],
      "guard": "ρ claims only that the archive treats the article's attributes as conversions supplied by reception, on the specific sentences W1, W2, W3, W7 and W8 and their stated edit histories. It does not claim that every field claim is a reception artefact, that the field's claims on definition, taxonomy and scope (F1-F31, F38) are wrong or absent from Aristotle, or that W4-W6 are converted (SR1697-15 records them as faithful). It does not claim the SE 34 reading is the only defensible one: the archive itself marks the maker-count question and Socrates' possession of the art as left open (SR1603-10, SR1579-24)."
     },
     "case": {
      "value": "equal",
      "statement": "The archive does not contest the field's ontology of the work. Both hold Sophistical Refutations as Aristotle's treatise on apparent refutation, the closing recapitulation, and the no-predecessor claim; the field itself carries the Greek of 183b34-36 (F64, F65) and the pioneering limit (F71, F72), so the field holds the ontology, even if the article's lead converts it. What the archive adds is the unqualified reading of the closing sentence, the transmission-vocabulary analysis, the enacted-peirastic reading, the conversion measurements on reception, and the stylometric and maker-count questions. Where the archive's literal reading meets the field's article lead (W2: 'the first work to treat'), the two compose within one claim space: W2's primacy is read as the received attribute and F64 as the underlying sentence. The law of the suppressed witness does not apply, because the field holds the ontology of the entity, though in part marginally through the Greek ledger rows and not through the article's prose.",
      "loci": [
       {
        "dep": 1603,
        "locus": "Abstract",
        "quote": "I argue that the sentence means what it says; that the closing chapter is built, joint by joint, so that it can be kept"
       },
       {
        "dep": 1603,
        "locus": "§1 Introduction",
        "quote": "It has the transmission vocabulary: παρ᾽ ἑτέρων, ἐκ διαδοχῆς, ἐκ παραδόσεως — freshly used, three lines of names attached. It says none of it of Socrates."
       },
       {
        "dep": 1697,
        "locus": "§1.6, second specimen (encyclopedia)",
        "quote": "A total negation over a stated domain becomes a property, primacy (§6)."
       }
      ]
     }
    }
   ],
   "taken": 2,
   "rule": "the readings disagree on ρ; the reading of ρ = constructs is taken (ruled 2026-10-25: \"if the readings disagree go constructs\")"
  }
 },
 "delta": {
  "T_vs_LB": "T is a verbatim Wikipedia lead-and-structure excerpt (W1-W8) read against the field ledger and KO_B. Findings by the §6.2 typology:\n\n(1) Available and not composed. T's \"twelve or thirteen fallacies\" (W1) omits the field's own division: F11 (\"two styles of refutation: for some depend on the language used, while some are independent of language\"), F12 (six language-dependent) and F13 (\"seven kinds\" independent). KO_B composes this and T leaves it uncomposed; F4/F5 (names finite, things infinite) are likewise uncomposed. W7-W8 open a list under \"formal\" and \"informal\" fallacies and break after one item, \"Figure of speech or form of expression\", which F12 lists among the six language-dependent kinds.\n\n(2) Available and not composed: the field's opening definition. T nowhere carries F1 (\"what appear to be refutations but are really fallacies instead\"), F2 (definitions of reasoning and refutation), F20 (valid yet inappropriate to the matter) or F6/F7 (the sophist's art as \"semblance of wisdom without the reality\"; contentious arguments from merely apparent endoxa). KO_B composes all of these.\n\n(3) Limit dropped, force raised, composed without attribution. W2: \"According to Aristotle, this is the first work to treat the subject of deductive reasoning in ancient Greece (Soph. Ref., 34, 183b34 ff.)\". The cited passage is F64: \"Ταύτης δὲ τῆς πραγματείας οὐ τὸ μὲν ἦν τὸ δ᾿ οὐκ ἦν προεξειργασμένον, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν\", with F65 (\"περὶ δὲ τοῦ συλλογίζεσθαι παντελῶς οὐδὲν εἴχομεν πρότερον ἄλλο λέγειν\"). F64 is a self-description with a stated domain, \"this inquiry\", the whole programme of F42. W2 recasts it as an attributed ranking, \"first work to treat... deductive reasoning\". The domain narrows from the inquiry to \"deductive reasoning\" and \"in ancient Greece\" is added. The negation over precursors becomes a property of the work, primacy. The citation gives the locus and the content is converted. Grain: sentence-level conversion with a locus cited, so the attribution points at F64 while the claim composed is a different one.\n\n(4) Limit dropped. The same chapter's closing limits, F71 (\"δεῖ δ᾿ ἡμᾶς μὴ λεληθέναι τὸ συμβεβηκὸς περὶ ταύτην τὴν πραγματείαν\") and F72 (indulgence for omissions, thanks for discoveries), do not appear in T. F67-F70 (rhetoric advanced by succession; paid eristic teachers gave products and not the art) are absent too, so the provenance-by-succession contrast that frames F64 is lost.\n\n(5) Substituted reading. W3: \"he attempts to develop a pattern of sound and genuine reasoning in opposition to the deceptive or misleading 'art of sophistry'\". The field's stated purpose is F42/F43: a syllogistic capacity from endoxa, the work of dialectic and peirastic, with sophistic's proximity shaping the discipline (F44). W3 substitutes a truth-normative pattern against sophistry for the capacity from endoxa. It also sets dialectic against sophistry as opposition, where F25 and F44 define the dialectician and sophist by a shared field of principles (the sophist only appears to apply them) and F28 has the contentious reasoner deal with every class of principle. The quoted \"art of sophistry\" echoes F6 but is reframed as the target of a counter-pattern.\n\n(6) Composed without attribution (field structure). W5-W6 give the chapter map: questioner chapters 3-8 and 12-15, answerer 16-32, introduction 1-2, interlude 9-11, conclusion 33-34. The field ledger carries F39/F40 on the two roles and F23/F24 on questioning, but no chapter numbering; the division is T's own and sits uncomposed against F9's five aims (refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism, babbling), which T omits.\n\n(7) Not composed. F36-F38, the Organon grouping as the commentators' and the work as an appendix to the Topics, are absent. F8 (demonstrative arguments in the Analytics) is absent. F46 (Socrates asking and not answering, \"ὡμολόγει γὰρ οὐκ εἰδέναι\") and F52-F53 are absent. The count \"twelve or thirteen\" (W1) and \"34 chapters\" (W4) have no ledger counterpart; F13's \"seven\" plus F12's six gives thirteen, so \"twelve or thirteen\" is compatible but the hedge \"or twelve\" is not in the field.\n\n(8) Assigned to another / denied: none found. T makes no denial of a field claim.\n\nNet: T composes the work as the first deductive-reasoning treatise with a truth-normative aim, a structure map and a fallacy list that breaks off, and drops the field's definition of apparent refutation, the language/non-language division, the endoxic aim, and the chapter's closing limits.",
  "LB_vs_LBA": "Reading KO_B against KO, admission of the archive's claims adds the following, each tied to claim ids.\n\n(1) Quoted field text where KO_B paraphrases. KO gives F2's definitions of reasoning and refutation in the treatise's words, F20's two-part sophistical refutation (\"appears to be valid but is not\" and valid but only appears appropriate), F4/F5 on names as the chief domain, and the examples F14 (\"learn\") and F16 (Coriscus, the accident fallacy). KO_B states these in summary. KO also adds F25, F29 and F9: the dialectician defined by application of common principles to the matter in hand, an examining art not of the same kind as demonstrative arts, and the five aims of contentious disputants. KO adds F22 (sophistic refutations do not make clear whether the answerer is ignorant).\n\n(2) Sense and corrections on the lead. SR1697-07 and SR1697-08 read the article's Fallacies section as a conversion: labels contradict the list, and a stated criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy. SR1697-09 and SR1697-20 add that the narrowing is unsound against the article's own sources and that the section's labels are one editor's reading per the edit history. SR1697-13 reads the lead as substituting a truth-normative pattern for the endoxic capacity and dropping the premisses, the programme's scope. SR1697-14 adds Krabbe, cited in the deposit: the treatise is \"a useful treatise for sophists\" who \"should study fallacies not to avoid them, but rather to commit them when it suits their purposes\", in tension with the article's dialectic/sophistry opposition. SR1585-03, SR1585-06 and SR1586-23 add a stylometric reading as a registry of what people do in argument (stated as a hypothesis), the world-pole placement in 1585 and 1586, and a file erratum placing the real text on the apparatus side.\n\n(3) The closing sentence. KO adds the Greek of F42-F46 and the peirastic framing (F43, F44), SRblog-33 (the epilogue as an accounting of a δύναμις), and SR1603-05/06 on Socrates (artless examining shared by all, or a matter the epilogue files under its own purposes, and on neither reading an antecedent source). It adds F65 and the literal reading SR1603-01/02, the transmission and origination vocabulary findings SR1603-12/13, the claim that the ending performs the peirastic operation on its reader (SR1603-15/17), the disclaimer of design (SR1603-16), and SR1603-10 (Socrates' possession of the art left where the chapter leaves it). KO adds the translator finding SR1603-03: the narrowing to \"no systematic treatment\" or \"no completed art\" enters in the gloss. It adds Poste's note (SRblog-31/32), the tension with Prior Analytics I.31 (SR1576-01, a tension and not a refutation), and the simulated-review record (SRblog-42/43/45/46) in which the particle οὐ is removed over twenty rounds and provenance from others restored.\n\n(4) The conversion in T's W2. SR1696-05/06 read the sentence \"about syllogizing we had absolutely nothing else earlier to say\" as becoming \"the first work to treat the subject of deductive reasoning\", a total negation over a stated domain turned into primacy. SR1697-04 and SR1697-19 call it the clearest change and record the edit history as two edits running opposite ways. SR1697-11/21 add the exhaustiveness hedge \"Sometimes listed as twelve.\", folded in by a 2025 edit; SR1697-15 records that other sentences stay faithful to their source; SR1697-22 records no talk-page discussion of the lead, gloss, qualifier or labels.\n\n(5) Provenance and limits. KO carries F67-F72 with SRblog-35: rhetoric's succession, paid eristic teachers giving products and not the art (F68, F69), the shoemaker analogy (F70), and the pioneering-condition and indulgence closing (F71, F72), which KO_B states in summary and KO gives with the Greek.\n\n(6) Open items. SR1579-24 and SRblog-07 trace the edition of a received Socrates in the Second Letter into the epilogue at SE 34, leaving open what this implies about how many hands made the texts; SR1587-01/03 hold that the two names Aristotle and Theophrastus fail as two authors and leave the maker-count open.\n\nKO_B carries the field's definitions, division, aim and closing; KO adds the archive's sense of how the lead and sections convert them, the Greek and its transmission reading, and the open questions."
 },
 "kernel": [
  {
   "K": "K1",
   "claim": "The sentence οὐδὲν παντελῶς ὑπῆρχεν (183b34-36) is read literally: nothing of the inquiry existed beforehand.",
   "source": "SR1603-01, SR1603-02",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "The archive's reading of the closing sentence, unqualified.",
   "contrast": "The field holds the sentence (F64, F65) and states no unqualified reading of it."
  },
  {
   "K": "K2",
   "claim": "The chapter has transmission vocabulary (παρ᾽ ἑτέρων, ἐκ διαδοχῆς, ἐκ παραδόσεως) and origination vocabulary (ἐξ ὑπαρχῆς, ἐξ ἀρχῆς), and says none of it of Socrates.",
   "source": "SR1603-12, SR1603-13",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "Vocabulary analysis of the closing chapter.",
   "contrast": "The field holds Socrates asking without answering (F46) and no vocabulary analysis."
  },
  {
   "K": "K3",
   "claim": "Socrates' asking is either the artless examining everyone shares or an operation filed under the inquiry's purposes; on neither is he an antecedent source.",
   "source": "SR1603-05, SR1603-06",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "A dilemma on Socrates' place, with the second horn defended.",
   "contrast": "The field states the asking and not an antecedent-source analysis."
  },
  {
   "K": "K4",
   "claim": "The ending performs the peirastic operation on its reader, who supplies a qualification the text lacks.",
   "source": "SR1603-15, SR1603-17",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "The enacted-peirastic reading.",
   "contrast": "The field names peirastic as the work's capacity (F43) and states no enactment on the reader."
  },
  {
   "K": "K5",
   "claim": "Translators render the sentence whole; the narrowing enters in the gloss.",
   "source": "SR1603-03, SRblog-30",
   "M_src": "documented",
   "sense": "Transmission finding across versions.",
   "contrast": "The field holds no translation-versus-gloss analysis."
  },
  {
   "K": "K6",
   "claim": "The article's lead converts the total negation into the attribute of primacy.",
   "source": "SR1696-05, SR1697-04",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "Conversion measurement on reception.",
   "contrast": "The field's own claims on the sentence (F64, F65) are the Greek, with no primacy attribute."
  },
  {
   "K": "K7",
   "claim": "The article's Fallacies labels contradict its list, and a stated criterion becomes membership in a later taxonomy.",
   "source": "SR1697-07, SR1697-08",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "Conversion on the taxonomy.",
   "contrast": "The field holds the two-fold division and the six and seven kinds (F11-F13)."
  },
  {
   "K": "K8",
   "claim": "The article substitutes a truth-normative pattern for the endoxic capacity and drops the premisses.",
   "source": "SR1697-13",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "Conversion on the programme's scope.",
   "contrast": "The field holds the capacity from endoxa (F42) in the Greek."
  },
  {
   "K": "K9",
   "claim": "Reception deletes the negation οὐ unperceived, as Sophistical Refutations 16 predicts.",
   "source": "SRblog-43, SRblog-45",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "Reception finding from twenty review rounds.",
   "contrast": "The field holds no review-round data."
  },
  {
   "K": "K10",
   "claim": "The work sits at the world pole stylometrically, read as a registry of practice; the real text lies on the apparatus side after the file erratum.",
   "source": "SR1585-03, SR1585-06, SR1586-23",
   "M_src": "documented",
   "sense": "Stylometric placement and a hypothesised reading.",
   "contrast": "The field places the work in the Organon by the commentators (F36)."
  },
  {
   "K": "K11",
   "claim": "The priority claim sits in tension with Prior Analytics I.31.",
   "source": "SR1576-01",
   "M_src": "interpretation",
   "sense": "Archive-internal tension.",
   "contrast": "The field holds the priority claim and the pioneering limit (F64, F71) without this tension."
  }
 ],
 "measure": {
  "rule": "v0.9 §4.10: KO_B sentences surviving in the KO at similarity ≥ 0.95, with positions (similarity: 2·LCS/(|a|+|b|) over words)",
  "v0.9": {
   "surviving": 1,
   "of": 7,
   "positions": [
    1,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null
   ]
  },
  "opening_run": {
   "rule": "v0.9 §5.10 (equal-terms case): the field-only KO's sentences as the KO's opening run in their own order",
   "breach": false
  },
  "blocks": {
   "rule": "v0.9 §4.1: sentences typed by the ledgers of the claims they cite (F field-only, A archive-only, M both)",
   "sequence": "FFFFFFFFFFAAFFFFAAAFFAFAFFAAAAAMFFFAAAAAAAAAAAA",
   "field_only_head": 10,
   "archive_only_tail": 12,
   "breach": false
  }
 },
 "channel": [
  {
   "claims": [
    "SR1585-12",
    "SR1589-13"
   ],
   "reason": "Raw PC1 scores restate the stylometric placement already composed from SR1585-03."
  },
  {
   "claims": [
    "SR1597-01"
   ],
   "reason": "No such claim appears in the supplied archive ledger; omitted."
  }
 ],
 "audit": {
  "rule": "v0.9 §5.3: reverse entailment by two raters; every unit needs a judgment from both",
  "ran": true,
  "complete": true,
  "units": 71,
  "unjudged": [],
  "agreement": 0.775,
  "breaches": 37
 }
}