{ "row": "fairwork-cloudwork", "address": "Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings", "addresses": [ "Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings" ], "extracted": "2026-10-29", "extractor": "Claude (Opus 5.5), subagent, one extractor (unaudited, §3.8)", "rule": "v0.9 §3.5, source-neutral: opening or abstract, defined terms, headline claims, stated limits; quotes verbatim from the saved page texts (whitespace-normalised for the check; multi-part quotes joined by ' … ', each part checked; the report's two-column PDF text is quoted in runs of one column), the Wikipedia response summary, or the card's title for the two unreachable video cards; 64/64 verified by script; third-party pages quoted only in short spans", "B_note": "The field B (§0.4, §3.1(a)), three origins kept apart: 'card', every card on the transcript's rail (B1 the 2025 report, a PDF, which is also the census's own page and is carried once, as a card; B2 the WZB's news item on the 2022 report; B3 King's College London's portal record of the 2022 report; B4 the operator's cloudwork ratings page; B5 and B7 Fairwork's two videos, unreachable (bot check), titles only; B6 The Global Recruiter on the 2025 report; B8 fair.work, the certification site); 'own_page', the census's own pages T did not surface (B9 Fairwork AI, B10 the home page, copied from the census's saved copies); 'wikipedia', no article (B11). The census records every source with basis 'operator' and read no third-party source, so there is no 'census_third_party' origin in this row.", "lineage_note": "Lineages: what it is (B1, B6, B7); the 2025 scores (B1, B4); fair pay (B1, B6); fair conditions and contracts (B1, B6); fair representation (B1, B6, B10); changes through engagement (B1, B4, B6); method (B1, B10); the stated limits (B1); the worker survey (B1); cloudwork defined (B1, B10); AI data work (B1, B6, B9); algorithmic management (B1); governance (B1, B6); the operator (B1, B2, B8); the certification (B1, B8); the other strands (B10); earlier reports (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5); the report's own standing (B1); platform responses (B1); reception, the encyclopedia (B11). The report is one work: card 1 and the census's own page are one document (byte-identical). The trade press (B6) restates the report: one lineage with it where it states the same claim at the same grain, its own slot where it adds a qualifier (after costs; burnout or back pain; the right to organise up from two). The census's self_description, findings, limits and method quotes restate B1 (one lineage each with the report), its cloudwork_home, location_based and workplace_ai quotes restate B10, its ai_strand quote B9.", "pages": "saved files under datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/ (Bn.html raw and Bn.txt text with scripts and styles stripped; B1.pdf and B1.txt the report and the census's extracted text; B3-try1-404.html the first KCL try; B5-429.html, B7-429.html the YouTube bot-check responses; B9, B10 and B1 copied from the census's saved copies; B11 .wiki, .html, -variant.*, -search*.html raw Wikipedia responses with B11.txt a summary of codes and notices); sha256 per file in each source's 'files'", "field": [ { "id": "B1", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 1; also the census's own page fairwork-cloudwork--oii-cloudwork-report", "card": "University of Oxford — Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2025", "url": "https://fairwork.oii.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/17/2025/05/Fairwork-Cloudwork-Report-2025-FINAL.pdf", "kind": "Overview card (the operator's report, a PDF: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2025: Advancing Standards in Digital Labour and AI Supply Chain Governance)", "files": { "B1.pdf": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B1.pdf", "sha256": "5a12e5c6c666fbae1471e22277ff8aee65f6c52ead3309659a03f861fe8305d1" }, "B1.txt": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B1.txt", "sha256": "51f7f9c58f312f8c2538fe9718c07c5df7b05eefbabe5493f5501c7be82bd829" } }, "fetched": { "census_copy": true, "src": "fairwork-cloudwork--oii-cloudwork-report", "read": "2026-10-29", "http": "200", "census_fetched": "2026-10-29T21:49:48Z", "url": "https://fairwork.oii.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/17/2025/05/Fairwork-Cloudwork-Report-2025-FINAL.pdf", "final_url": "https://fairwork.oii.ox.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2025/05/Fairwork-Cloudwork-Report-2025-FINAL.pdf", "raw": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B1.pdf", "raw_sha256": "5a12e5c6c666fbae1471e22277ff8aee65f6c52ead3309659a03f861fe8305d1", "census_sha256": "5a12e5c6c666fbae1471e22277ff8aee65f6c52ead3309659a03f861fe8305d1", "agrees": true, "copied_from": "/home/claude/fleet/laborvector/data/labor-census/sources/fairwork-cloudwork--oii-cloudwork-report.html.gz (gunzipped; the file is the PDF) and fairwork-cloudwork--oii-cloudwork-report.txt", "refetch": { "at": "2026-10-29T22:33:22Z", "http": 200, "sha256": "5a12e5c6c666fbae1471e22277ff8aee65f6c52ead3309659a03f861fe8305d1", "result": "byte-identical to the census copy (fetched with the honest agent string to confirm the card's document)" }, "text": [ "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B1.txt" ] }, "names_operator": "yes ('The project is based at the Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford ... and at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center'; 'Fairwork (2025)')", "note": "The card's title is the report's title and its snippet ('The Fairwork project evaluates basic standards of fairness in working arrangements on digital labour platforms according to five principles of fair work, concer...') is the report's text (Introduction, p. 6, right column: 'The Fairwork project evaluates basic standards of fairness in working arrangements on digital labour platforms according to five principles of fair work, concerning payment, conditions, contracts, management, and representation'); a WebSearch on the snippet's words returned the PDF. The document is the census's own page; carried once, as a card. Saved as B1.pdf (the census's .html.gz holds the PDF, not HTML); B1.txt is the census's extracted text, whose two-column layout interleaves lines, so quotes from it are joined runs of one column (' … ').", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 1 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2025", "card_snippet": "The Fairwork project evaluates basic standards of fairness in working arrangements on digital labour platforms according to five principles of fair work, concer...", "card_note": null }, { "id": "B2", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 2", "card": "Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung | WZB — New Fairwork Cloudwork Rating | WZB", "url": "https://wzb.eu/en/news/new-fairwork-cloudwork-rating", "kind": "Overview card (the WZB's news item on the 2022 cloudwork report, dated 25.8.2022)", "files": { "B2.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B2.html", "sha256": "d85fcbe03c131c9c97900cea5d69b6b483fef23a39d89fb588deee56d617ff84" }, "B2.txt": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B2.txt", "sha256": "4984d49880d665bb8b71cbd6d2c214d3add5158a6260685af66476203333e9c0" } }, "fetched": { "at": "2026-10-29T22:32:08Z", "http": 200, "url": "https://wzb.eu/en/news/new-fairwork-cloudwork-rating", "raw": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B2.html", "raw_sha256": "d85fcbe03c131c9c97900cea5d69b6b483fef23a39d89fb588deee56d617ff84", "text": [ "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B2.txt" ] }, "names_operator": "yes ('Fairwork is a joint project of the WZB with the Oxford Internet Institute')", "note": "URL found by WebSearch on the card's title, restricted to wzb.eu; page title identical to the card's. The snippet's text is the page's (¶1). The page dates the item 25.8.2022; the card says Aug 24, 2022.", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 2 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "New Fairwork Cloudwork Rating | WZB", "card_snippet": "Aug 24, 2022 — New Fairwork Cloudwork Rating. The Fairwork Project has published a new report evaluating employment relationships on international cloudwork platforms. The bas...", "card_note": null }, { "id": "B3", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 3", "card": "King's College London — Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2022: Work in the Plenatary Labour Market - King's College London", "url": "https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-2022-work-in-the-plenatary-labour-mark/", "kind": "Overview card (King's College London research portal record of the 2022 report)", "files": { "B3.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B3.html", "sha256": "d18b9c80438b8ae1902a9560b7e30d539e25e419fe20225e793b091f244956da" }, "B3.txt": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B3.txt", "sha256": "92d8199d0b634ef1b5803359cbce9c1f9b52ce35b5601170cf60a765a46e4c10" }, "B3-try1-404.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B3-try1-404.html", "sha256": "8f532a758b6859f71b00bdab5a18e4ccf7c208a34281a7ace1653b200bab44d1" } }, "fetched": { "tries": [ { "at": "2026-10-29T22:33:23Z", "url": "https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-2022-work-in-the-plenatary-labour-market", "http": 404, "sha256": "8f532a758b6859f71b00bdab5a18e4ccf7c208a34281a7ace1653b200bab44d1", "result": "not found (the full title slug; saved as B3-try1-404.html)" }, { "at": "2026-10-29T22:33:37Z", "url": "https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-2022-work-in-the-plenatary-labour-mark", "http": 200, "sha256": "d18b9c80438b8ae1902a9560b7e30d539e25e419fe20225e793b091f244956da", "result": "the record (the portal truncates slugs at 65 characters, as its other Fairwork records found by WebSearch show)" } ], "raw": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B3.html", "raw_sha256": "d18b9c80438b8ae1902a9560b7e30d539e25e419fe20225e793b091f244956da", "text": [ "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B3.txt" ] }, "names_operator": "yes ('Fairwork', 'WZB Berlin Social Science Center', 'University of Oxford' among the affiliations; publisher 'Fairwork')", "note": "WebSearch restricted to kcl.ac.uk returned the portal's other Fairwork records (e.g. the 2021 cloudwork report), not this one; the URL was formed from the portal's slug pattern and the card's title, and the page's title is the card's ('Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2022: Work in the Plenatary Labour Market - King's College London'). The card's snippet ('Document: ... published by Fairwork in 2022 (34 pages). Assessment: Evaluates 15 online remote ...') is a rewording: the page gives 'Number of pages 34' and the abstract's '15 online remote digital labour platforms'.", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 3 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2022: Work in the Plenatary Labour Market - King's College London", "card_snippet": "Document: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2022: Work in the Planetary Labour Market published by Fairwork in 2022 (34 pages). Assessment: Evaluates 15 online remote ...", "card_note": null }, { "id": "B4", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 4", "card": "University of Oxford — Cloudwork - Fairwork - University of Oxford", "url": "https://fairwork.oii.ox.ac.uk/en/ratings/cloudwork/", "kind": "Overview card (the operator's cloudwork ratings page: score lists by edition and the 2023 report's text)", "files": { "B4.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B4.html", "sha256": "73621b4a304a24902066e1b05247babd23e910f9d83e11c3c768be4424569c3b" }, "B4.txt": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B4.txt", "sha256": "431786027807d3e34bc28d47c7436c4d3eae14d5eb0e51b49cb4b2559ad61221" } }, "fetched": { "at": "2026-10-29T22:32:09Z", "http": 200, "url": "https://fairwork.oii.ox.ac.uk/en/ratings/cloudwork/", "raw": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B4.html", "raw_sha256": "73621b4a304a24902066e1b05247babd23e910f9d83e11c3c768be4424569c3b", "text": [ "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B4.txt" ] }, "names_operator": "yes ('© Oxford Internet Institute 2026'; team: Mark Graham, Director)", "note": "URL found by WebSearch on the card's title restricted to ox.ac.uk ('Cloudwork - Fairwork - University of Oxford'); served title 'Fairwork | Cloudwork'. The snippet is the page's text, the 2023 report's ('The Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023 assesses and scores ... 15 web-based digital labour platforms'). The page's 2025 score list has 15 platforms and omits Creative Words, which the report scores 7 (F6, F42).", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 4 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "Cloudwork - Fairwork - University of Oxford", "card_snippet": "The Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023 assesses and scores basic standards of fairness in working arrangements on 15 web-based digital labour platforms according t...", "card_note": null }, { "id": "B5", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 5 (video)", "card": "YouTube·Fairwork — Report Launch: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ji7cXNMeMm8", "kind": "Overview card (video, 01:31:20; title only, the card has no snippet)", "files": { "B5-429.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B5-429.html", "sha256": "d18106cb178cd3e395a0a647baf91330673989e3da7ef4457187e8d3c8f240ea" } }, "fetched": { "unreachable": true, "tries": [ { "at": "2026-10-29T22:32:12Z", "http": 429, "sha256": "d18106cb178cd3e395a0a647baf91330673989e3da7ef4457187e8d3c8f240ea", "result": "redirected to https://www.google.com/sorry/index (a bot check) for the honest agent string; saved as B5-429.html; not retried with another agent or by another route (brief, substitution 4)" } ], "note": "URL found by WebSearch restricted to youtube.com ('Report Launch: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023 - YouTube'). A video card is admitted through title and snippet (§3.1(a)); the card has a title and no snippet, so its title is its only text." }, "names_operator": "yes ('Fairwork' in the title and the channel)", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 5 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "Report Launch: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023", "card_snippet": null, "card_note": "video, 01:31:20" }, { "id": "B6", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 6", "card": "The Global Recruiter — Cloudwork fails to meet standards", "url": "https://www.theglobalrecruiter.com/cloudwork-fails-to-meet-standards/", "kind": "Overview card (trade press: The Global Recruiter newsdesk on the 2025 report, published 2025-05-22)", "files": { "B6.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B6.html", "sha256": "58e34c56c3bd6ca92ebfbbba00e34b7b1548c057cccfd4d766cbcfe7ed1a44c2" }, "B6.txt": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B6.txt", "sha256": "71d612ef2083744dcf4fafe714ca188b0e0e4f2b3a876b38729437bea9ecf1a1" } }, "fetched": { "at": "2026-10-29T22:32:10Z", "http": 200, "url": "https://www.theglobalrecruiter.com/cloudwork-fails-to-meet-standards/", "raw": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B6.html", "raw_sha256": "58e34c56c3bd6ca92ebfbbba00e34b7b1548c057cccfd4d766cbcfe7ed1a44c2", "text": [ "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B6.txt" ] }, "names_operator": "yes ('global research network Fairwork and backed by the University of Oxford and WZB Berlin'; Dr Jonas C. L. Valente, Oxford Internet Institute)", "note": "URL found by WebSearch restricted to theglobalrecruiter.com; title identical. og:article:published_time 2025-05-22 08:21:14. Third-party page quoted only in short spans. Its snippet's sentence is the page's (¶5).", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 6 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "Cloudwork fails to meet standards", "card_snippet": "Cloudwork fails to meet standards Over half of platforms include contract clauses that actively weaken workers' rights such as vague job descriptions, blanket l...", "card_note": null }, { "id": "B7", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 7 (video)", "card": "YouTube·Fairwork — How fair are freelance and remote work platforms?", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9PAAgoTr74", "kind": "Overview card (video, 2:20; title only, the card has no snippet)", "files": { "B7-429.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B7-429.html", "sha256": "d6ce7b5832532a6168e867b419fca70db52172aeced128421597aa72e44c0d1a" } }, "fetched": { "unreachable": true, "tries": [ { "at": "2026-10-29T22:32:14Z", "http": 429, "sha256": "d6ce7b5832532a6168e867b419fca70db52172aeced128421597aa72e44c0d1a", "result": "redirected to https://www.google.com/sorry/index (a bot check) for the honest agent string; saved as B7-429.html; not retried" } ], "note": "URL found by WebSearch restricted to youtube.com ('How fair are freelance and remote work platforms? - YouTube'). Admitted through its title, the card's only text." }, "names_operator": "yes (the card's channel 'YouTube·Fairwork')", "surfaced_by_T": [ { "slug": "fairwork-cloudwork-ratings-aio-20261029", "card": 7 } ], "names_archive": "no (none of the Crimson Hexagonal Archive, Alexanarch, Lee Sharks, laborvector, Labor Vector, machinemediation, EA-WG-CAPTURES-01 in the saved text, card title and snippet)", "card_title": "How fair are freelance and remote work platforms?", "card_snippet": null, "card_note": "video, 2:20" }, { "id": "B8", "origin": "card", "role": "Overview card 8", "card": "fair.work — Fairwork Certification | Independent certification for the labour behind AI", "url": "https://fair.work/", "kind": "Overview card (fair.work, the Fairwork Certification site: certification of the firms that commission AI data work)", "files": { "B8.html": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B8.html", "sha256": "67e554e20ba9d368e22834aade4b99c672bfb656db3c4a680c1f35f61d6093ee" }, "B8.txt": { "path": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B8.txt", "sha256": "85f1e6f7fcbd7dea5d900592e2c48e24ce86517435f2528a89265a7759e0b6c9" } }, "fetched": { "at": "2026-10-29T22:32:12Z", "http": 200, "url": "https://fair.work/", "raw": "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B8.html", "raw_sha256": "67e554e20ba9d368e22834aade4b99c672bfb656db3c4a680c1f35f61d6093ee", "text": [ "datasets/negative-of-the-negative/v2/intake/fairwork-cloudwork-20261029/B8.txt" ] }, "names_operator": "yes ('A non-profit spun out of the Oxford Internet Institute (OII) & Berlin Social Science Center (WZB)')", "note": "URL found by WebSearch on the card's title; title identical. 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multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F19": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "'Worker surveys' (p. 9, right column)", "quote": "These surveys do not aim to build a representative set … of experiences but instead seek to understand the work … processes and how they are carried out and managed,", "claim": "the survey's limit: not a representative set, an inquiry into work processes and their management", "modality": "self-description", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "the stated limits: a missing point is no finding of non-compliance; the survey is not representative", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F20": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "'Worker surveys' (p. 9, left column)", "quote": "For this third report, we present data … collected between February 2024 and January 2025. … After cleaning the data, we were left with responses from 776 workers in 100 countries.", "claim": "the third report's survey: February 2024 to January 2025, 776 workers in 100 countries", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the worker survey: payment, security, discrimination, priorities", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; 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multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F23": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Theme in Focus (p. 23, left column)", "quote": "Among the 448 respondents, the top priorities were: … receiving at least the local minimum wage (33.3%), … ensuring payment for all completed work (18.3%),", "claim": "asked which rights matter most, 448 respondents put the local minimum wage first (33.3%), payment for all completed work second (18.3%)", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the worker survey: payment, security, discrimination, priorities", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F24": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Introduction, 'Defining cloudwork' (p. 7)", "quote": "We call this category of location-specific platform work “geographically tethered work”. By contrast, work that can be performed remotely through a digital labour platform, we call cloudwork", "claim": "cloudwork defined against geographically tethered work: work performed remotely through a digital labour platform", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": true, "lineage": "cloudwork defined: platform work performed remotely", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F25": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Introduction (p. 7, right column)", "quote": "Some cloudwork platforms facilitate work, such as … data labelling and processing, AI training, and image … categorisation.", "claim": "microwork on cloudwork platforms includes data labelling and processing, AI training and image categorisation", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "cloudwork defined: platform work performed remotely", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F26": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Introduction (p. 7, right column)", "quote": "an internet connection, and cloudworkers are generally … classified as self-employed or independent workers on … paid piece rates.", "claim": "cloudworkers are generally classified as self-employed or independent and paid piece rates", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "cloudwork defined: platform work performed remotely", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F27": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Theme in Focus, 'Data work' (p. 21, left column)", "quote": "One growing and increasingly notable sector of … cloudwork is data services for artificial intelligence … development in international supply chains.", "claim": "a growing sector of cloudwork is data services for AI development in international supply chains", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "AI data work: the labour behind AI and its clients", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F28": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Theme in Focus, 'Data work' (p. 21, left column)", "quote": "the clients requesting this work are the world’s leading … AI companies, such as Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and … Nvidia.", "claim": "the clients of AI data work include the leading AI companies, Amazon, Google, Microsoft and Nvidia", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "AI data work: the labour behind AI and its clients", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F29": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Theme in Focus (p. 21, left column)", "quote": "Platform work … studies have highlighted how algorithmic management … accentuates opacity in decisions affecting workers.", "claim": "algorithmic management accentuates opacity in decisions affecting workers, as platform work studies have shown", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "interpretation", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "algorithmic management", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F30": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Theme in Focus (p. 20, right column)", "quote": "of how governance initiatives adopted by platforms … themselves are insufficient in most cases to ensure basic … compensation rights to those workers.", "claim": "platforms' own governance initiatives are in most cases insufficient to ensure basic compensation rights", "modality": "interpretation", "kind": "interpretation", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "governance: internal rules insufficient, external regulation called for", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F31": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Theme in Focus (p. 20, left column)", "quote": "score of 10 out of 10, but none of the assessed platforms … achieved this score this year. Only one platform has ever … achieved this score (once)—Creative Words in 2023.", "claim": "no platform scored 10 in 2025; only Creative Words ever has, once, in 2023", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the 2025 scores: the league table", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F32": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "'The Fairwork Project' (p. 8, left column)", "quote": "The project is based at the Oxford Internet Institute, … University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and at the … WZB Berlin Social Science Center in Germany, and … is financed by, among others, the German Federal … Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development … (BMZ), commissioned by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für … Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).", "claim": "the operator: based at the OII (Oxford) and the WZB (Berlin), financed among others by the BMZ, commissioned by GIZ", "modality": "documented", "kind": "attribution", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "the operator, its funders and its origin", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F33": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "'The Fairwork Project' (p. 8, left column)", "quote": "The five principles were initially … developed in 2018 at a multi-stakeholder workshop at … the International Labour Organisation. … The cloudwork principles were … developed in 2020", "claim": "the five principles developed in 2018 at a multi-stakeholder workshop at the ILO; the cloudwork principles in 2020", "modality": "documented", "kind": "genealogy", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the operator, its funders and its origin", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F34": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "'Certification' (p. 37, left column)", "quote": "In addition to the Pledge, Fairwork is encouraging … AI lead firms to embed Fairwork standards into their … supplier agreements and procurement policies, and … is offering a certification scheme.", "claim": "the report announces a certification scheme for AI lead firms, beside the Pledge", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the AI supply chain certification (a separate strand)", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F35": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Credits (p. 46, right column)", "quote": "Conflict of interest statement: None of … the researchers have any connection with any of the … platforms and the work undertaken received no funding … or support in kind from any platform or any other … company, and we declare that there is no conflict of … interest.", "claim": "the authors declare no connection with any platform, no platform funding and no conflict of interest", "modality": "self-description", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the report's statements of its own standing: no conflict of interest, sections in common", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F36": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Credits (p. 46)", "quote": "Please note that this report contains sections in common with other Fairwork reports, notably the Fairwork Framework, parts of the Impact and Pathway to Change section, and the Appendix.", "claim": "the report shares sections with other Fairwork reports (the framework, parts of the impact section, the appendix)", "modality": "self-description", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the report's statements of its own standing: no conflict of interest, sections in common", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F37": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "Appendix II, Platform comments, Scale/Remotasks (p. 43, left column)", "quote": "At Scale, we deeply value the global community of … these improvements, we believe the evaluation remains … overly subjective in key areas.", "claim": "Scale/Remotasks, in its comment, holds the evaluation overly subjective in key areas", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "interpretation", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "platform responses to the ratings", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F38": { "source": "B2", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item 'New Fairwork Cloudwork Rating' ¶1–2 (25.8.2022)", "quote": "The Fairwork Project has published a new report evaluating employment relationships on international cloudwork platforms. … One platform scored seven out of ten, one scored five, and one scored four. The other twelve platforms were unable to meet more than three of the ten thresholds.", "claim": "the 2022 report, at the WZB: 15 platforms, the top at seven of ten, twelve at three or fewer", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "2022-08-25", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B2.txt (sha256 4984d49880d665bb…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F39": { "source": "B2", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶3", "quote": "Fairwork is a joint project of the WZB with the Oxford Internet Institute that investigates working conditions on online platforms and uses the results to monitor and benchmark the platforms.", "claim": "the WZB gives Fairwork as its joint project with the OII, monitoring and benchmarking platforms", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "attribution", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the operator, its funders and its origin", "date": "2022-08-25", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B2.txt (sha256 4984d49880d665bb…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F40": { "source": "B3", "origin": "card", "locus": "Research portal record, Abstract", "quote": "The Fairwork Cloudwork Report 2022 assesses and scores basic standards of fairness in working arrangements on 15 online remote digital labour platforms, according to our five Fairwork principles — pay, conditions, contracts, management, and representation.", "claim": "the 2022 report's abstract: 15 online remote platforms scored against the five principles", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "2022", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B3.txt (sha256 92d8199d0b634ef1…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F41": { "source": "B3", "origin": "card", "locus": "Research portal record, title and authors", "quote": "Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2022: Work in the Plenatary Labour Market … Kelle Howson … Mark Graham … Number of pages … 34", "claim": "King's College London's portal lists the 2022 report under the title 'Work in the Plenatary Labour Market', twelve authors from Kelle Howson to Mark Graham, 34 pages", "modality": "documented", "kind": "attribution", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "2022", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B3.txt (sha256 92d8199d0b634ef1…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F42": { "source": "B4", "origin": "card", "locus": "Cloudwork ratings page, 2025 score list", "quote": "ComeUp 8 Elharefa 8 Translated 8 Terawork 7 Prolific 5", "claim": "the operator's cloudwork page lists the 2025 scores with Terawork the only platform at 7 (Creative Words is not in its list)", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "the 2025 scores: the league table", "date": "undated page (fetched 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B4.txt (sha256 431786027807d3e3…), whitespace-normalised", "mark": "internally_inconsistent", "mark_note": "internally_inconsistent across the operator's pages: the cloudwork page's 2025 list omits Creative Words, which the report scores 7 (F6); the page has one platform at 7 and fifteen rows" }, "F43": { "source": "B4", "origin": "card", "locus": "Cloudwork ratings page, report text", "quote": "The Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023 assesses and scores basic standards of fairness in working arrangements on 15 web-based digital labour platforms according to the five Fairwork principles: fair pay, conditions, contracts, management, and representation.", "claim": "the page's text is the 2023 report's: 15 web-based platforms scored against the five principles", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "2023-07 (the 2023 report; page undated)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B4.txt (sha256 431786027807d3e3…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F44": { "source": "B4", "origin": "card", "locus": "Cloudwork ratings page, report text ¶3", "quote": "However, some platforms have chosen to incorporate standards of fairness into their design and operations—including as a result of engagement with Fairwork researchers.", "claim": "some platforms have incorporated standards of fairness, in part as a result of engagement with Fairwork researchers (2023)", "modality": "interpretation", "kind": "interpretation", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "changes adopted through engagement", "date": "2023-07", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B4.txt (sha256 431786027807d3e3…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F45": { "source": "B5", "origin": "card", "locus": "video card title (YouTube · Fairwork, 01:31:20)", "quote": "Report Launch: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023", "claim": "Fairwork's recorded launch of the 2023 cloudwork ratings (title only)", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "2023 (title)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "the card's title (the card has no snippet; the video was unreachable)" }, "F46": { "source": "B7", "origin": "card", "locus": "video card title (YouTube · Fairwork, 2:20)", "quote": "How fair are freelance and remote work platforms?", "claim": "Fairwork's short video on the fairness of freelance and remote work platforms (title only)", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "what it is: rating cloudwork platforms against five principles of fair work", "date": "undated (title)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "the card's title (the card has no snippet; the video was unreachable)" }, "F47": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶1 (2025-05-22)", "quote": "The Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2025, assesses 16 of the world’s most widely used cloudwork platforms on five core principles: fair pay, conditions, contracts, management, and representation.", "claim": "the trade press gives the 2025 ratings as an assessment of 16 widely used platforms on five core principles", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "what it is: rating cloudwork platforms against five principles of fair work", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F48": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶2", "quote": "Online gig economy work, also known as cloudwork, typically involves remote, task-based jobs like data labelling, transcription, software development, and design. Many of these tasks are fundamental for developing AI systems", "claim": "cloudwork as online gig work, many of its tasks fundamental for developing AI systems", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "definition", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "AI data work: the labour behind AI and its clients", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F49": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶3", "quote": "Only 4 out of 16 platforms (25 per cent) could show that workers consistently earn at least the local minimum wage after costs.", "claim": "four of 16 platforms showed that workers earn at least the local minimum wage after costs", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "fair pay: payment for completed work and the minimum wage", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F50": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶5", "quote": "Over half of platforms include contract clauses that actively weaken workers’ rights such as vague job descriptions, blanket liability clauses, and with lack of transparency.", "claim": "over half the platforms carry contract clauses that weaken workers' rights (vague job descriptions, blanket liability clauses)", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "fair conditions and contracts: risks, terms, clauses", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F51": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶6–7", "quote": "while 6 platforms (38 per cent) now formally recognise the right to organise – up from just 2 last year – some allow collective bargaining or shared governance but none could show they are actively engaging in these processes. … only 7 out of 16 have policies to guard against health and safety risks such as burnout or back pain.", "claim": "six platforms now formally recognise the right to organise, up from two, none actively bargaining; seven of 16 guard against risks such as burnout or back pain", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "fair representation: association recognised, no bargaining", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F52": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶8", "quote": "Through direct engagement, Fairwork has helped eight platforms make 56 changes since 2023, from updating contracts to improving dispute resolution and pay transparency. These changes could benefit as many as two million workers.", "claim": "the trade press reports the 56 changes as made through Fairwork's direct engagement, benefiting up to two million workers", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "changes adopted through engagement", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F53": { "source": "B6", "origin": "card", "locus": "news item ¶10 (Valente)", "quote": "Voluntary improvements have happened but have proved insufficient and will never be enough.", "claim": "the report's co-lead: voluntary improvements are insufficient and will never be enough", "modality": "attributed", "kind": "interpretation", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "governance: internal rules insufficient, external regulation called for", "date": "2025-05-22", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B6.txt (sha256 71d612ef2083744d…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F54": { "source": "B8", "origin": "card", "locus": "fair.work home, hero", "quote": "Fairwork independently certifies the firms that commission this work, based on evidence including the voices of the workers themselves.", "claim": "Fairwork's certification: it certifies the firms that commission AI data work, on evidence including workers' voices", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "the AI supply chain certification (a separate strand)", "date": "undated page (fetched 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B8.txt (sha256 85f1e6f7fcbd7dea…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F55": { "source": "B8", "origin": "card", "locus": "fair.work home, hero", "quote": "A non-profit spun out of the Oxford Internet Institute (OII) & Berlin Social Science Center (WZB).", "claim": "the certification site gives Fairwork as a non-profit spun out of the OII and the WZB", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "attribution", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the operator, its funders and its origin", "date": "undated page (fetched 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B8.txt (sha256 85f1e6f7fcbd7dea…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F56": { "source": "B8", "origin": "card", "locus": "fair.work home, 'Five principles', 01", "quote": "Fair Pay … Workers earn at least the local living wage after work-related costs.", "claim": "the certification's Fair Pay principle: at least the local living wage after work-related costs", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "the AI supply chain certification (a separate strand)", "date": "undated page (fetched 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B8.txt (sha256 85f1e6f7fcbd7dea…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F57": { "source": "B9", "origin": "own_page", "locus": "Fairwork AI, 'Understanding the Labour Behind AI' ¶1", "quote": "There is nothing “artificial” about the immense amount of human labour that builds, supports, and maintains AI systems.", "claim": "Fairwork AI's premise: AI systems are built, supported and maintained by an immense amount of human labour", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "AI data work: the labour behind AI and its clients", "date": "undated page (read 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B9.txt (sha256 01bdd320b1fb3a78…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F58": { "source": "B10", "origin": "own_page", "locus": "home, 'Cloudwork'", "quote": "This includes small tasks like filling in surveys and training AI systems, to freelance services like translation, web development or design. We rate the working conditions on major cloudwork platforms in line with five principles of fair online work .", "claim": "the home page's cloudwork strand: tasks from surveys and AI training to freelance services, rated against five principles", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "cloudwork defined: platform work performed remotely", "date": "undated page (read 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B10.txt (sha256 bd3df05c86111afa…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F59": { "source": "B10", "origin": "own_page", "locus": "home, search tool note", "quote": "They are given a chance to respond and provide evidence, earning points only if they meet the criteria for each principle.", "claim": "companies are given a chance to respond and provide evidence and earn points only on meeting each principle's criteria", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "function", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "method: desk research, platform managers, worker surveys; scoring", "date": "undated page (read 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B10.txt (sha256 bd3df05c86111afa…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F60": { "source": "B10", "origin": "own_page", "locus": "home, 'Fairwork Principles', Fair Representation", "quote": "Platforms should provide a documented process through which worker voice can be expressed. Workers have the right to organise in collective bodies, and platforms should be prepared to cooperate and negotiate with them.", "claim": "the Fair Representation principle: a documented process for worker voice; the right to organise; platforms prepared to negotiate", "modality": "stipulation", "kind": "definition", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "fair representation: association recognised, no bargaining", "date": "undated page (read 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B10.txt (sha256 bd3df05c86111afa…), whitespace-normalised" }, "F61": { "source": "B10", "origin": "own_page", "locus": "home, 'Location-based platform work' and 'Artificial intelligence (AI)'", "quote": "We have produced national rankings in 38 countries across 5 continents. … Fairwork has developed a set of principles to guide the fair use of AI systems in the workplace.", "claim": "Fairwork's other strands: national location-based rankings in 38 countries; principles for the fair use of AI in the workplace", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "Fairwork's other strands: location-based ratings, workplace AI principles", "date": "undated page (read 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B10.txt (sha256 bd3df05c86111afa…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F62": { "source": "B11", "origin": "wikipedia", "locus": "Wikipedia: titles 'Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings' and 'Fairwork'; article-space search", "quote": "HTTP 404 … Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. … There were no results matching the query.", "claim": "Wikipedia has no article on the Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings or on Fairwork; a search for 'Fairwork Cloudwork' in article space returns nothing", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": true, "const": false, "lineage": "reception: the encyclopedia", "date": "2026-10-29 (as fetched)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B11.txt (sha256 b483e7452d17a86a…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked" }, "F63": { "source": "B1", "origin": "card", "locus": "'Desk research' (p. 9, left column)", "quote": "While we have not included every prominent … cloudwork platform in this second cloudwork league … table, we intend to expand our selection further in the", "claim": "the report's desk-research section calls its table 'this second cloudwork league table' (its survey section calls the report 'this third report')", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "2025-05", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B1.txt (sha256 51f7f9c58f312f8c…), whitespace-normalised; multi-part quote joined by ' … ', each part checked", "mark": "internally_inconsistent", "mark_note": "internally_inconsistent (§4.3): 'this second cloudwork league table' (desk research) against 'this third report' (worker surveys, F20); the operator's page carries four editions (F64)" }, "F64": { "source": "B4", "origin": "card", "locus": "Cloudwork ratings page, edition tabs", "quote": "Cloudwork 2025 2023 2022 2021", "claim": "the operator's cloudwork page carries four editions of the ratings: 2025, 2023, 2022, 2021", "modality": "documented", "kind": "fact", "kernel": false, "const": false, "lineage": "earlier cloudwork reports: 2021, 2022, 2023", "date": "undated page (fetched 2026-10-29)", "quote_ok": true, "checked_against": "saved text B4.txt (sha256 431786027807d3e3…), whitespace-normalised" } }, "field_sources": { "B1": "University of Oxford — Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2025", "B2": "Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung | WZB — New Fairwork Cloudwork Rating | WZB", "B3": "King's College London — Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2022: Work in the Plenatary Labour Market - King's College London", "B4": "University of Oxford — Cloudwork - Fairwork - University of Oxford", "B5": "YouTube·Fairwork — Report Launch: Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings 2023", "B6": "The Global Recruiter — Cloudwork fails to meet standards", "B7": "YouTube·Fairwork — How fair are freelance and remote work platforms?", "B8": "fair.work — Fairwork Certification | Independent certification for the labour behind AI", "B9": "Fairwork — Fairwork AI", "B10": "Fairwork — home page", "B11": "Wikipedia — Fairwork Cloudwork Ratings (no article)" } }