{
 "corpus": "newton",
 "seat": "EA-CORPORA-30/07",
 "title": "Newton: Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (London, 1687) and Opticks (London, 1704)",
 "edition": "Isaac Newton, Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (Londini: jussu Societatis Regiae ac typis Josephi Streater, 1687), the first edition, Smithsonian Libraries copy, scan and OCR layer; Isaac Newton, Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (1687), the Project Gutenberg transcription of the first edition (Distributed Proofreaders, 2009); Isaac Newton, Opticks: or, a treatise of the reflexions, refractions, inflexions and colours of light. Also two treatises of the species and magnitude of curvilinear figures (London: Sam. Smith and Benj. Walford, 1704), the first edition, with the Enumeratio linearum tertii ordinis and the Tractatus de quadratura curvarum in Latin, University of California Libraries copy, scan and OCR layer; Isaac Newton, Opticks, the fourth edition, corrected (London: William Innys, 1730), the Project Gutenberg transcription (Distributed Proofreaders, 2010)",
 "language": "mul",
 "license": {
  "payload": "Per item, recorded in origin.items. Isaac Newton died in 1727; the printings of 1687 and 1704 are in the public domain everywhere. Internet Archive: the Principia copy (Smithsonian Libraries) carries no rights statement; the Opticks copy (University of California Libraries) is marked NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT. The Project Gutenberg texts (eBooks #28233 and #33504) are public-domain works distributed under the Project Gutenberg License, its header and footer kept as served.",
  "record": "CC-BY-4.0 applies to this seat record only."
 },
 "fetched": "2026-10-30",
 "origin": {
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    "source": "Internet Archive",
    "identifier": "philosophiaenat00newt",
    "url": "https://archive.org/details/philosophiaenat00newt",
    "files": [
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     "philosophiaenat00newt_djvu.txt"
    ]
   },
   {
    "source": "Project Gutenberg, eBook #28233",
    "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/28233/pg28233.txt"
   },
   {
    "source": "Internet Archive",
    "identifier": "opticksortreatis00newt",
    "url": "https://archive.org/details/opticksortreatis00newt",
    "files": [
     "opticksortreatis00newt.pdf",
     "opticksortreatis00newt_djvu.txt"
    ]
   },
   {
    "source": "Project Gutenberg, eBook #33504",
    "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/33504/pg33504.txt"
   }
  ],
  "fetched": "2026-10-30",
  "transport": "in-session fetch (Transport D); No-Double-Draw"
 },
 "works": {
  "count": 4,
  "units": "one text file per work and witness",
  "list": [
   {
    "slug": "principia-1687",
    "work": "Isaac Newton, Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (Londini: jussu Societatis Regiae ac typis Josephi Streater, 1687), the first edition, Smithsonian Libraries copy, scan and OCR layer",
    "text": "text/principia-1687.ocr.txt",
    "originals": [
     "original/philosophiaenat00newt/philosophiaenat00newt.pdf",
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    "lines": 23554
   },
   {
    "slug": "principia-1687-gutenberg",
    "work": "Isaac Newton, Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica (1687), the Project Gutenberg transcription of the first edition (Distributed Proofreaders, 2009)",
    "text": "text/principia-1687-gutenberg.txt",
    "originals": [
     "original/gutenberg/pg28233.txt"
    ],
    "lines": 14591
   },
   {
    "slug": "opticks-1704",
    "work": "Isaac Newton, Opticks: or, a treatise of the reflexions, refractions, inflexions and colours of light. Also two treatises of the species and magnitude of curvilinear figures (London: Sam. Smith and Benj. Walford, 1704), the first edition, with the Enumeratio linearum tertii ordinis and the Tractatus de quadratura curvarum in Latin, University of California Libraries copy, scan and OCR layer",
    "text": "text/opticks-1704.ocr.txt",
    "originals": [
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     "original/opticksortreatis00newt/opticksortreatis00newt_djvu.txt"
    ],
    "lines": 16257
   },
   {
    "slug": "opticks-1730-gutenberg",
    "work": "Isaac Newton, Opticks, the fourth edition, corrected (London: William Innys, 1730), the Project Gutenberg transcription (Distributed Proofreaders, 2010)",
    "text": "text/opticks-1730-gutenberg.txt",
    "originals": [
     "original/gutenberg/pg33504.txt"
    ],
    "lines": 9666
   }
  ]
 },
 "normalization": "Originals as fetched under original/: Internet Archive scans with their OCR layers, and the Project Gutenberg plain-text files as served. text/<slug>.ocr.txt is the Archive's OCR with line endings normalized; text/<slug>.txt is the Gutenberg file with line endings normalized. No text was corrected by hand by this seating. The Gutenberg transcription of the Principia is of the 1687 first edition; its transcribers record that they corrected a few typographical errors, listed at the end of the file. The Gutenberg Opticks is the fourth edition (1730), seated beside the first printing of 1704 as its clean text layer, the edition differing (the 1704 printing has sixteen Queries, the 1730 has thirty-one).",
 "scope": "Held: the Principia in its first edition of 1687, the scan with its OCR layer beside the Gutenberg transcription of the same edition; the Opticks in its first edition of 1704 (in English, with the two Latin mathematical treatises), the scan with its OCR layer, beside the Gutenberg transcription of the fourth edition of 1730. Noted and not seated: the second edition of the Principia (Cambridge, 1713, ed. Roger Cotes, with the General Scholium and 'Hypotheses non fingo'; Internet Archive bub_gb_SyNF4RBbkIgC, principiamathem00newtgoog) and the third (London, 1726, ed. Henry Pemberton; philosophinatur00cotegoog, A297190); the Latin Optice (1706). The Opticks of 1704 is English, so the seat is mul (Latin and English).",
 "verified_loci": [
  "Principia 1687, the imprimatur (OCR) — 'Julii 5. 1686'",
  "Principia 1687, Halley's ode (OCR) — 'Pangeret, omniparens Leges violare Creator'",
  "Principia 1687, the first law (OCR) — 'LEGES MOTUS Lex. I. Corpus omne'",
  "Principia 1687, the head of book III (OCR) — 'LIBER TERTIUS. N Libris praecedentibus principia' (the OCR drops the initial I of 'In', set as a drop capital)",
  "Principia 1687, title (Gutenberg) — 'Jussu _Societatis Regiæ_ ac Typis _Josephi Streater_. Prostat apud plures Bibliopolas. _Anno_ MDCLXXXVII.'",
  "Principia, definition I (Gutenberg) — 'Quantitas Materiæ est mensura ejusdem orta ex illius Densitate & Magnitudine conjunctim.'",
  "Principia, the first law (Gutenberg) — 'Corpus omne perseverare in statu suo quiescendi vel movendi uniformiter in directum'",
  "Principia, the third law (Gutenberg) — 'Actioni contrariam semper & æqualem esse reactionem'",
  "Principia III, the Hypotheses of the first edition (Gutenberg) — 'HYPOTHESES. Hypoth. I. _Causas rerum naturalium non plures admitti debere' (the 1713 edition renames them Regulae philosophandi)",
  "Opticks 1704, imprint (OCR) — 'MDCCIV'",
  "Opticks 1704, the opening of book I (OCR) — 'in this Book is not to explain the' (the OCR reads the word before, Design, as 'D^fign')",
  "Opticks 1704, Query 1 (OCR) — 'and by their action bend its rays, and is not this' (the second half of Query 1; the OCR misreads its first half ('ad' for act))",
  "Opticks 1704, the Latin treatises (OCR) — 'ENUMERATIO'",
  "Opticks, the opening of book I (Gutenberg, 1730) — 'My Design in this Book is not to explain the Properties of Light by Hypotheses, but to propose and prove them by Reason and Experiments'",
  "Opticks, Query 1 (Gutenberg, 1730) — 'Do not Bodies act upon Light at a distance, and by their action bend its Rays'"
 ],
 "loci_not_found": [],
 "lines_total": 64068,
 "why_seated": "The Principia joined the falling of bodies and the motions of the planets under one law of force, and the Opticks opened light into its colours by experiment. The seat holds both in their first printings, with the clean texts beside them, so that the first edition's Hypotheses and its sixteen Queries can be read before the later editions renamed and enlarged them.",
 "spine": "EA-CORPORA-30 (#1720)",
 "ruling": "Lee Sharks, 2026-10-30: \"and then an ea-corpora seating... Einstein, Gödel, Tesla, Copernicus, Galileo, classical Arabic mathematicians... what is in the public domain, and what else? and just to be perverse lets seat the promised Klee notebooks with them\"; to the proposed set: \"yes, thats a good set\".",
 "queued": [
  "Principia, second edition (Cambridge, 1713): Internet Archive bub_gb_SyNF4RBbkIgC and principiamathem00newtgoog, noted and not seated",
  "Principia, third edition (London, 1726): Internet Archive philosophinatur00cotegoog and A297190, noted and not seated",
  "Optice, the Latin Opticks of Samuel Clarke (London, 1706): not searched beyond the Archive's ECCO record"
 ],
 "cross_references": {
  "in_this_seating": "30/04 copernicus, 30/05 galileo (the Discorsi of 1638 on falling bodies and projectiles), 30/06 kepler (the third law, which the Principia derives in book III), 30/01 einstein."
 },
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